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Official Community Plan Bylaw 1165, 2015
THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRODUCED FOR CONVENIENCE ONLY and is a consolidation of
"Official Community Plan Bylaw 1165, 2015" with the following amending bylaws:
Bylaw Number
Dated Adopted
Section Amended
1239
July 16, 2019
Schedules B and H
1275
November 3, 2020
Schedules B and H
1286
April 20, 2021
Schedule M
1305
June 6, 2023
Schedules B, H and M
1321
January 16, 2024
Schedules B, H and M
1328
July 2, 2024
Schedules B and M
1335
August 6, 2024
Schedules B and M
1357
November 18, 2025
Additions - Part 1, Section 1
Additions - Part 1, Section 3
Additions - Part 2, Section 2 & 6
New Schedule N: Future Capacity
Individual copies of any of the above bylaws are available from the Corporate Services Department of the
District of Sparwood. For legal purposes, copies of the original bylaws should be obtained.
DISTRICT OF SPARWOOD
BYLAW 1165
A bylaw to adopt an Official Community Plan
WHEREAS pursuant to Section 876(1) of the Local Government Act, a local government may, by bylaw, adopt one
or more official community plans;
AND WHEREAS Council adopted an official community plan pursuant to Bylaw No. 869, 2002;
AND WHEREAS Council has deemed it appropriate to repeal Bylaw No. 869, 2002, and adopt a new official
community plan;
AND WHEREAS the official community plan applies within the boundaries of the District of Sparwood (the "District")
and will apply to an expansion of the boundaries of the District.
THEREFORE the Council in open meeting assembled enacts as follows:
1. This bylaw may be cited as, "Official Community Plan Bylaw 1165, 2015"
2. Schedule "A" attached hereto shall be adopted as the Official Community Plan of the District of Sparwood;
and,
3. Bylaw No. 869, 2002 and all amendments thereto are hereby repealed.
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__original signed__________________
____original signed__________________
Cal McDougall, Mayor
Michelle Martineau, Corporate Officer
Sparwood Official
Community Plan
Photo Credit: Henry Georgi
Bylaw 1165, 2015 Schedule "A" Consolidated
iii
Sparwood Official Community Plan
PART I:
INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................................................................ 1
1.
COMMUNITY VISION, GOALS AND KEY DIRECTIONS..................................................................................3
2025 Update.....................................................................................................................................................3
Our Vision..........................................................................................................................................................3
Our Goals...........................................................................................................................................................4
2.
PURPOSE AND ADMINISTRATION.......................................................................................................................6
Purpose of an Official Community Plan..................................................................................................6
Administration.................................................................................................................................................8
Related Planning Initiatives.........................................................................................................................8
3.
INTER-JURISDICTIONAL PLANNING CONTEXT..............................................................................................9
PART II:
LAND USE POLICIES..............................................................................................................................................11
1.
COMMUNITY LAND USE AND GROWTH MANAGEMENT.......................................................................13
Why is this Important?...............................................................................................................................13
Sparwood Trends.........................................................................................................................................13
Objectives and Policies..............................................................................................................................15
2.
DOWNTOWN AND COMMERCIAL....................................................................................................................18
Why is this Important?...............................................................................................................................18
Sparwood Trends.........................................................................................................................................18
District's Role.................................................................................................................................................18
Objectives and Policies..............................................................................................................................19
3.
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT................................................................................................................................21
Why is this Important?...............................................................................................................................21
Sparwood Trends.........................................................................................................................................21
District's Role.................................................................................................................................................23
Objectives and Policies..............................................................................................................................23
4.
AGRICULTURE AND RURAL LANDS..................................................................................................................26
Why is this Important?...............................................................................................................................26
Sparwood Trends.........................................................................................................................................26
District's Role.................................................................................................................................................27
Objectives and Policies..............................................................................................................................27
5.
CULTURE, ARTS AND HERITAGE........................................................................................................................28
Why is this Important?...............................................................................................................................28
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Our Future Sparwood - District of Sparwood Official Community Plan
Sparwood Trends.........................................................................................................................................28
District's Role.................................................................................................................................................29
Objectives and Policies..............................................................................................................................30
6.
HOUSING
31
Why is this Important?...............................................................................................................................31
Sparwood Trends.........................................................................................................................................31
Estimated Capacity for Residential Development ..........................................................................32
District's Role.................................................................................................................................................32
Objectives and Policies..............................................................................................................................33
7.
COMMUNITY HEALTH AND SAFETY................................................................................................................36
Why is this Important?...............................................................................................................................36
Sparwood Trends.........................................................................................................................................36
District's Role.................................................................................................................................................36
Objectives and Policies..............................................................................................................................38
8.
PUBLIC UTILITIES AND INFRASTRUCTURE....................................................................................................43
Why is this Important?...............................................................................................................................43
Sparwood Trends.........................................................................................................................................43
District's Role.................................................................................................................................................44
Objectives and Policies..............................................................................................................................44
9.
TRANSPORTATION, HIGHWAY AND UTILITY CORRIDORS......................................................................48
Why is this Important?...............................................................................................................................48
Sparwood Trends.........................................................................................................................................48
District's Role.................................................................................................................................................49
Objectives and Policies..............................................................................................................................49
10.
PARKS AND NATURAL AREAS......................................................................................................................53
Why is this Important?...............................................................................................................................53
Sparwood Trends.........................................................................................................................................53
District's Role.................................................................................................................................................54
Objectives and Policies..............................................................................................................................54
11.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND OPEN SPACE...............................................................................58
Sparwood Trends.........................................................................................................................................58
District's Role.................................................................................................................................................59
Objectives and Policies..............................................................................................................................59
12.
SAND AND GRAVEL RESOURCE EXTRACTION.....................................................................................65
Why is this Important?...............................................................................................................................65
Sparwood Trends.........................................................................................................................................65
v
District's Role.................................................................................................................................................65
Objectives and Policies..............................................................................................................................65
13.
TEMPORARY USE PERMIT AREA.................................................................................................................66
Why is this Important?...............................................................................................................................66
Objectives and Policies..............................................................................................................................66
PART III:
DEVELOPMENT PERMIT AREAS........................................................................................................................69
1.
RIPARIAN PROTECTION DEVELOPMENT PERMIT AREA...........................................................................71
Background....................................................................................................................................................71
Prohibition......................................................................................................................................................71
Objectives.......................................................................................................................................................71
Exemptions....................................................................................................................................................72
Performance Bonding................................................................................................................................73
Guidelines.......................................................................................................................................................73
2.
HAZARD LAND DEVELOPMENT PERMIT AREAS.........................................................................................76
Background....................................................................................................................................................76
Prohibition......................................................................................................................................................76
Properties Affected......................................................................................................................................76
Exemptions....................................................................................................................................................76
Performance Bonding................................................................................................................................77
Development Permit Conditions...........................................................................................................77
Guidelines.......................................................................................................................................................78
3.
FORM AND CHARACTER DEVELOPMENT PERMIT AREA.........................................................................80
Background....................................................................................................................................................80
Properties Affected......................................................................................................................................80
Justification....................................................................................................................................................80
Exemptions....................................................................................................................................................80
Performance Bonding................................................................................................................................81
Guidelines.......................................................................................................................................................81
PART IV:
APPENDICES & SCHEDULES...............................................................................................................................85
Index of Schedules......................................................................................................................................87
Schedule B: Future Land Use Map ........................................................................................................89
Schedule C: Infill / Redevelopment Area.............................................................................................90
Schedule D: Downtown Map...................................................................................................................91
Schedule F: Infrastructure Map - Water Phasing..............................................................................93
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Our Future Sparwood - District of Sparwood Official Community Plan
Schedule H: Parks and Natural Areas....................................................................................................95
Schedule J: Steep Slopes Hazard Development Permit Area.......................................................97
Schedule L: Floodplain Hazard Development Permit Area..........................................................99
Appendix 1: Acknowledgements.........................................................................................................102
Appendix 2: Definitions...........................................................................................................................104
Appendix 3: Best Practices for Form and Character......................................................................106
Introduction
1
Photo Credit: Faye Huber
Part I:
Introduction
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Our Future Sparwood - District of Sparwood Official Community Plan
PAGE INTENTIONALLY BLANK
Introduction
3
1. Community Vision, Goals and Key Directions
Sparwood is a community in southeastern British Columbia with a rich mining and forestry heritage
that has formed its unique identity and aesthetic. The rural nature of the area is complemented by
its friendly, welcoming residents and mountain setting.
2025 Update
In 2023, the Provincial Government introduced new legislation to speed up housing development
across BC. This included changes to the Local Government Act which require municipalities to
update their Official Community Plans (OCPs) in 2025. The update is mandatory for all municipalities
in B.C.
The District is required to update its OCP based on its 2024 Interim Housing Needs Report (HNR).
Much of the data that was initially compiled for this OCP dates back to the early 2010s and is from
different sources than those required for the HNR in 2024 - and BC Stats population projections - and
align with Provincial legislation.
The following sections were amended or added to comply with the legislation:
-
Part 1 - Section 1 (amended)
-
Part 2 - Sections 1 and 6 (amended)
-
Schedule N: Housing Capacity Map (Added)
Our Vision
In 2045, Sparwood will be a caring, neighbourly and sustainable community with pride in our natural
environment. A unique and vibrant downtown will be the social, cultural and economic heart of
our community, with opportunities to live, work, learn, shop, and play in close proximity. A diverse
economy will provide a range of jobs and services to supplement the mining industry, which will
continue to be our economic lifeblood. A diversity of housing options will allow residents with a
Added by Bylaw 1357, 2025
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Our Future Sparwood - District of Sparwood Official Community Plan
range of ages, income levels and lifestyles to live comfortably in Sparwood through all stages
of their lives. A world-class multi-purpose network of trails, parks, and recreational areas will
support an active, healthy, and highly livable community.
Our Goals
To achieve this vision, Sparwood has set the following goals to guide implementation of this
Official Community Plan (OCP). These goals provide the framework for the policies in Part II.
1.
Promote compact development and mixed use as the means to achieve a walkable
community that provides efficient and sustainable infrastructure, minimizing negative
impacts on the environment.
2.
Enhance the downtown by promoting high quality design and construction that
reinforces Sparwood's unique sense of place and become the social, cultural, and
economic centre of the community with opportunities to live, work, learn, shop, and
play.
3.
Support a diverse economy that provides a wide range of jobs and services to
supplement the mining industry.
4.
Protect, manage and enhance rural, agricultural and forestry lands, balancing
competing interests.
5.
Encourage, promote, and celebrate local heritage, culture, and arts.
6.
Encourage the provision of diverse housing options that allow residents with a range
of ages, income levels, and lifestyles to live comfortably in the community through all
stages of their lives.
7.
Support a healthy, safe and engaged community through social development,
community services and civic engagement.
8.
Provide and manage infrastructure and services, including potable water, sewage,
stormwater and roads in a cost effective and sustainable manner.
9.
Provide a safe and efficient multi-modal transportation system that balances vehicular
traffic with active transportation.
10.
Encourage an active and healthy community through the development, maintenance,
and enhancement of high-quality parks, passive and active recreational facilities and
programs, and active transportation infrastructure.
11.
Promote environmental conservation best practices.
12.
Protect sand and gravel resource extraction areas in the community.
13.
Provide flexibility in land use to promote business development and diversification.
Introduction
5
Figure 1:
Sparwood Boundary and Context Map
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Our Future Sparwood - District of Sparwood Official Community Plan
Achieving our Vision and Goals
The following directions represent this OCP's priorities and summarize the objectives and policies
in Part II:
-
Focus and integrate compatible future development within Sparwood's downtown area and
existing developed and serviced areas;
-
Locate the majority of future offices within the downtown area;
-
Enhance the downtown as an economically and socially vibrant community centre that is
pedestrian-friendly and accessible to all residents;
-
Encourage diverse housing options for current and future residents that accommodate a
broad range of ages, income levels, and lifestyles; and,
-
Identify Sparwood's key natural areas, including the riparian areas around the Elk River and
local creeks, and protect them through policy, regulation, and enforcement.
2. Purpose and Administration
Purpose of an Official Community Plan
The OCP is a municipal bylaw that sets out the long term vision for a community. Under Section
875 of the Local Government Act, an OCP is a statement of objectives and policies to guide
decisions on planning and land use management within the areas covered by the plan.
The Local Government Act requires the OCP to include:
-
The approximate location, amount, type, and density of residential development required
to meet anticipated housing needs over a period of at least five years;
-
The approximate location, amount, and type of present and proposed commercial,
industrial, institutional, agricultural, recreational, and public utility land uses;
-
The approximate location and area of sand and gravel deposits that are suitable for future
sand and gravel extraction;
-
Restrictions on the use of land that is subject to hazardous conditions or that is
environmentally sensitive to development;
-
The approximate location and phasing of major road, sewer and water systems;
-
The approximate location and type of present and proposed public facilities, including
schools, parks and waste treatment and disposal sites;
Introduction
7
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Housing policies of the local government respecting affordable housing, rental housing and
special needs housing; and
-
Targets for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in the area covered by the plan,
and policies and actions of the local government proposed with respect to achieving those
targets.
An OCP may also include:
-
Policies relating to social needs, social well-being, and social development;
-
A regional context statement;
-
Policies respecting the maintenance and enhancement of farming on land in a farming area
or in an area designated for agricultural use in the community plan;
-
Policies relating to the preservation, protection, restoration, and enhancement of the
natural environment, its ecosystems and biological diversity; and
-
Broad objectives in areas not within the jurisdiction of the local government.
Under section 919.1 of the Local Government Act (LGA), local governments may designate areas
of land known as a development permit areas (DPA). A DPA can be designated for one or more of
the following purposes:
a.
protection of the natural environment, its ecosystems and biological diversity;
b.
protection of development from hazardous conditions;
c.
protection of farming;
d.
revitalization of an area in which a commercial use is permitted;
e.
establishment of objectives for the form and character of intensive residential
development;
f.
establishment of objectives for the form and character of commercial, industrial or
multi-family residential development;
g.
establishment of objectives to promote energy conservation;
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Our Future Sparwood - District of Sparwood Official Community Plan
h.
establishment of objectives to promote water conservation;
i.
establishment of objectives to promote the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.
Administration
While all bylaws enacted or works undertaken by Council after the adoption of an OCP must be
consistent with the Plan, amendments may be made to the OCP over time.
Where matters are outside the jurisdiction of Sparwood, this OCP states broad community
objectives and "advocacy policies." These advocacy polices describe how Sparwood can work
with other governments, agencies, or organizations to contribute to community objectives.
This OCP cannot and does not represent a commitment from other governments, agencies, or
organizations to act according to community objectives or advocacy policies.
Related Planning Initiatives
Sparwood has undertaken, or participated in, a long list of planning-related initiatives that has
informed the development of this Official Community Plan. These include:
-
Regional District of East Kootenay Agricultural Plan (2014)
-
Elk Valley Regional Economic Opportunity Analysis & Growth Sector Identification (2013)
-
District of Sparwood Council Strategic Goals (2013 and 2014)
-
Communication Strategy Research Summary Report (2013)
-
Review of Selenium in Groundwater (2013)
-
Elkford Sparwood Housing Need and Demand Assessment (2012)
-
Climate Action Revenue Incentive Public Report (2012)
-
Community Energy and Emissions Plan and related energy initiatives (2012)
-
Industrial Land Demand Study (2012)
-
Carbon Neutral Kootenays Planning to Action (2012)
-
District of Sparwood Municipal Building Energy Assessments (2012)
-
Water Smart Action Plan (2011)
-
Sparwood Transportation Master Plan (2010)
-
Elk Valley Agricultural Land Review Project (2009)
-
Sparwood Community Sustainability Plan (2009)
-
Sparwood Water Source Protection Plan (2008)
Introduction
9
-
Active Adult Community and Spruce Avenue Feasibility Study (2008)
-
Official Community Plan Bylaw 869c, 2002
3. Inter-jurisdictional Planning Context
Sparwood consults with neighbouring jurisdictions, agencies and First Nations. Sparwood is
located in the asserted traditional territory of the Ktunaxa Nation, which is comprised of four
member groups:
-
ʔakisq̓nuk First Nation (Windermere);
-
ʔaq̓am - St Mary's (Cranbrook);
-
Yaq̓it ʔa·knuq‡iʾit - Tobacco Plans Indian Band (Grasmere); and
-
Yaqan Nuʔkiy - Lower Kootenay Indian Band (Creston).
This OCP focuses on lands under the planning jurisdiction of Sparwood.
Added by Bylaw 1357, 2025
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Our Future Sparwood - District of Sparwood Official Community Plan
Land Use Policies
11
Part II:
Land Use Policies
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Our Future Sparwood - District of Sparwood Official Community Plan
PAGE INTENTIONALLY BLANK
Land Use Policies
13
1.
Community Land Use And Growth Management
GOAL 1
Promote compact development and mixed use as the means to achieve a walkable community that
provides efficient and sustainable infrastructure, minimizing negative impacts on the environment.
Why is this Important?
Growth and change in the community can be managed effectively through policies related to the
provision of infrastructure, services, and amenities and through the regulation of land use and
development. Promoting compact, mixed-use, and high quality development will help protect
our natural areas by reducing urban sprawl, eliminating unnecessary infrastructure spending, and
fostering a convenient, walkable, and livable community.
Sparwood Trends
POPULATION ESTIMATE
Sparwood's permanent population has fluctuated with the expansion and contraction of industry in
the region and has increased over the past 10 years.
The 2021 Census of Populations recorded the population of Sparwood in 2021 as 4,148 people.
Mine employment information from 2013 indicates that Sparwood's experienced population could
be as much as 10 to 20 percent higher than reported in the Census. Given the high proportion of
shift workers, the number of people living in Sparwood is likely higher at any given time, as a result
of seasonal, temporary, and commuting workers.
Although the number of mine employees, contractors, and suppliers who commute to or live in
Sparwood periodically is unknown, these figures indicate the possibility of Sparwood's experienced
population being markedly higher than recorded in the census and helps to explain the chronic
shortage of rental and hotel accommodation.
1
Amended by Bylaw 1357, 2025
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Our Future Sparwood - District of Sparwood Official Community Plan
Year
Permanent Population
1991
4,211
1996
4,136
2001
3,906
2006
3,618
2011
3,667
2016
3,784
2021
4,148
POPULATION PROJECTION
Given the historic fluctuation of Sparwood's population, an estimate of the projected population
in Sparwood is challenging. BC Stats estimates variable growth and contraction in the Sparwood
population averaging ~0.3% per year through 2045 with an expected population at that time
of 4,649 people. The District's Interim Housing Needs Report, adopted in 2024, was developed
using the provincially designed methodology and estimates a need for an additional 747 dwellings
over the 20-year period ending in 2045. The 2021 census indicated an average household size of
2.3 people per dwelling. This means that based on the Interim Housing Needs Report data, the
population of Sparwood is expected to be close to 6,000 people in 2045. Section 473.1 of the
Local Government Act requires a municipality to include statements and map designations in its
Official Community Plan to provide for at least the anticipated 20-year housing needs set out in its
most recent Housing Needs Report. For this reason, the District is using the Housing Needs Report
estimate rather than BC Stats.
District's Role
Through management of land use and development, Sparwood can accommodate future growth
and change in the community. Sparwood may encourage growth and changes in specific areas
through modifications to policies, zoning, and incentive programs.
IMPACT OF THE HOUSING NEEDS REPORT ESTIMATES ON RESIDENTIAL SUPPLY
Given the background in"Sparwood Trends", the population projections may assist Sparwood in
planning, assuming:
-
Sparwood's measured population was 4,184 in 2021;
-
The experienced population is higher than census numbers with shift workers and
contractors living in town when on shift but completing the census in their home
municipality;
-
The population is expected to grow over the next 20 years;
Figure 2:
Sparwood's Permanent Population 1991 - 2021 (Statistics Canada)
Land Use Policies
15
-
Based on the 2024 Interim Housing Needs Report data the population is expected to increase
to ~6,000 people by 2045 which equates to an annual growth rate of ~1.8%; and
-
Economic activity in Sparwood does not change drastically.
Sparwood currently has approximately 93 vacant single-family lots available in existing residential
neighbourhoods for development and 5 serviced multi-family parcels large enough for apartments.
Development of existing lots is encouraged prior to development of new lands for residential to
make best use of existing infrastructure and achieve better cost recovery for the municipality.
IMPACT OF POPULATION PROJECTION ON COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL LANDS SUPPLY
In 2015, Sparwood had 7 commercial, 20 industrial, and 3 agricultural/industrial vacant lots available
for development. Developable industrial land was generally 1 to 2.5 acre sized lots.
As of 2025, Sparwood continues to experience a shortage of serviced industrial land with the District
disposing of several parcels for development since 2015 totaling ~13.3ha.
In considering future land supply for commercial and industrial lands, it is important to note that
approvals have been issued for the Baldy Ridge mine expansion. There are also projects in progress
for the Fording River mine expansion and of Crown Mountain mine the results of which are
expected to have significant impact on the local economy. These projects extend mining in the area
by between 20 and 35 years while they may add some new employment to the region, they would
also maintain existing levels of employment. Section 3: Economic Development contains additional
information on employment.
Objectives and Policies
Objective 1.1
To concentrate and mix compatible land uses to enable the cost-effective
provision and maintenance of infrastructure over the short, medium, and long
term.
Policy 1.1.1
The pattern of proposed land use is shown on the "Future Land Use" map,
attached as Schedule B, and reflects the following land use designations:
Figure 3:
Housing Needs for 5-Year and 20-Year Needs.
16
Our Future Sparwood - District of Sparwood Official Community Plan
a)
Agricultural;
b)
Parks and Natural Areas;
c)
Single-Family Residential
d)
Multi-Family Residential
e)
Commercial;
f)
Civic and Institutional;
g)
Light Industrial;
h)
Heavy Industrial;
i)
Extraction Industrial; and
j)
Private Recreational; and
k)
Comprehensive Development.
Sparwood recognizes that some existing land uses do not currently conform to the designations
shown on Schedule B. The intent is not to change the use of this land in the immediate future, but
rather to guide future development and the pattern of land use as development and redevelopment
occurs.
Policy 1.1.2
An intended Infill/ Redevelopment Area will be established in the location shown
in Schedule C to define areas where increased residential densities are to be
encouraged.
Policy 1.1.3
Allow for higher densities and financial development incentives, including
revitalization tax exemptions pursuant to S. 226 of the Community Charter,
where deemed appropriate in the areas outlined as Intended Infill/
Redevelopment Area in Schedule C. All other areas shall proceed in a logical,
sequential order concurrent with availability of required servicing and standard
development servicing costs based on the type of use.
Policy 1.1.4
Prioritize the development of existing residential areas over the creation of new
residential subdivisions and development on unserviced lands.
Policy 1.1.5
Development applications must comply with the Development Permit Area
Guidelines (Part III: Development Permit Areas and Guidelines) with respect to:
a)
Riparian Protection;
b)
Hazard Lands - for lands over 15% slope and areas within the 200
year floodplain and areas at risk of avalanche; and
c)
Form and Character.
Land Use Policies
17
RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
Existing residential development in Sparwood consists primarily of single-family dwellings, duplexes,
small-scale apartment blocks, townhouses, and mobile homes. The OCP recognizes the unique
qualities of each neighbourhood and the opportunity to add suitable infill to use Sparwood's
services and infrastructure resources more efficiently.
Objective 1.2
To accommodate future population growth within the areas identified in the
"Future Land Use Map," attached as Schedule B.
Policy 1.2.1
Encourage the provision of greater housing diversity and affordability by
supporting and prioritizing the provision of secondary suites, small lot single
family, duplexes, multiplexes, townhouses, and apartments.
Policy 1.2.2
Encourage the development of secondary suites in areas designated as Single
Family Residential on the Future Land Use Map (Schedule B).
Policy 1.2.3
Encourage the development of pedestrian and biking trails linking residential
neighbourhoods with parks and open space networks, institutional and
commercial uses.
Objective 1.3
To allow the integration of different housing forms within the Infill/
Redevelopment Areas, as shown on Schedule C to promote neighbourhood
diversity and more compact development.
Policy 1.3.1
Encourage the development of a wide variety of residential dwelling types,
densities, tenures, and prices to accommodate various age groups, household
compositions, incomes, and lifestyles.
Policy 1.3.2
Encourage low-density multi-family residential development to be dispersed
throughout the Infill/Redevelopment Area, including duplexes, triplexes,
fourplexes, and townhouses where appropriate or can be sensitively integrated.
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Our Future Sparwood - District of Sparwood Official Community Plan
2.
Downtown and Commercial
GOAL 2
Enhance the downtown by promoting high-quality design and construction that reinforces
Sparwood's unique sense of place and become the social, cultural, and economic centre of the
community with opportunities to live, work, learn, shop and play.
Why is this Important?
A vibrant, prosperous downtown with a mix of services, amenities, and public gathering spaces
within close proximity to each other will attract residents and visitors. This concentration of mixed
uses will help promote local spending and diversify our economy while creating a community focal
point that expresses our proud history and identity. A concentration of activities and housing choices
nearby with attractive and accessible buildings and public open spaces will further enhance the
downtown as the heart of the community. High-quality design rooted in the local context and based
on the community's natural and human history will help create a unique sense of place and identity
for downtown.
Sparwood Trends
In Sparwood, residents refer to the Centennial Square and Greenwood Mall area by either "uptown"
or "downtown," depending on where they live. For simplicity and consistency, the OCP uses the
term "downtown" to refer to this area, and the downtown is identified on "Downtown Map"
(Schedule D).
District's Role
With the right connections, signage, mix of businesses, activities, and strategic investment in public
realm design, the downtown has the potential to become a destination for visitors and a gathering
place for the community.
Sparwood supports initiatives that help to create a thriving downtown. The District can:
2
Land Use Policies
19
-
Adopt supportive land use and development policies that prioritize and focus appropriate
private investments into the downtown including compatible employment, businesses and
services;
-
Identify and implement strategic public realm investments in the downtown and adjacent
areas to support and attract private investments;
-
Be a champion for downtown investment and revitalization by marketing and promoting
downtown locally and regionally;
-
Encourage events and programming to inspire people to visit the downtown; and
-
Undertake an integrated downtown urban design plan that sets out a strategic and
implementable vision for downtown. The urban design plan should include regulations,
tools, and incentives to help attract private investments in the downtown. The urban design
plan should identify and illustrate priority public realm improvement projects including
partnerships, funding sources, roles, responsibilities, and timelines.
Objectives and Policies
Objective 2.1
To support downtown as a multi-purpose centre, that includes institutional,
retail, tourism, and other compatible uses and services.
Objective 2.2
To direct commercial development downtown.
Objective 2.3
To increase the diversity of retail and services downtown.
Objective 2.4
To promote downtown as a unique business centre.
Objective 2.5
To enhance the public realm in the downtown to support commercial
objectives and to become the social heart of Sparwood.
Policy 2.5.1
Encourage policies, zoning regulations, and a supply of commercial land that is
favourable to attract business to the downtown.
Policy 2.5.2
Encourage professional and business offices and other compatible employment
uses to locate downtown.
Policy 2.5.3
Work with existing and potential future employers to locate compatible
employment activities in downtown.
Policy 2.5.4
Direct cultural, civic, and compatible institutional uses to the downtown.
Policy 2.5.5
Direct new retail and entertainment uses and services including shops, cafes,
restaurants, and grocery stores to the downtown, and discourage these uses
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Our Future Sparwood - District of Sparwood Official Community Plan
from locating elsewhere in the community.
Policy 2.5.6
Support compact, multi-family, and mixed use housing developments in the
downtown to address identified affordable and accessible housing needs in the
community and support aging in place.
Policy 2.5.7
Undertake a downtown urban design plan that includes, at a minimum:
a)
Priority public realm improvements including upgrades to Centennial
Square and adjacent public open spaces, pedestrian and cycling
connections, greenery, signage and way finding treatments, and
public realm design standards;
b)
Design guidelines for private development; and,
c)
Development tools and incentives to attract and sustain private
investment;
Policy 2.5.8
Sparwood will update its Economic Development Plan to promote and attract
commercial and industrial businesses to Sparwood.
Policy 2.5.9
Encourage downtown development, renovations, building improvements, and
infill with a Revitalization Tax Exemption Bylaw.
Policy 2.5.10
Build on existing efforts and focus public realm investments in downtown to
increase its attractiveness to residents and visitors as a place to work, shop, live,
work, learn, shop, and play.
Policy 2.5.11
Work with the community partners to program year-round, family-friendly
events, activities, and festivals downtown.
Policy 2.5.12
Lands designated for commercial use on the north side of Spruce Avenue, as
shown on Schedule B - Future Land Use, are limited to office or personal service
use only. Uses that involve the direct selling of goods, emit odour or noise, or
require parking in excess of that provided onsite would not be supported.
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3.
Economic Development
GOAL 3
Support a diverse economy that provides a wide range of jobs and services to supplement the
mining industry.
Why is this Important?
Economic development creates shared wealth and well-being for people and maintains a healthy
tax base that supports local services. Economic development aims to achieve this by working in
partnership with the private sector, paving the way for inward investment, investing in our people,
supporting entrepreneurship, and keeping our locally earned dollars in Sparwood.
Sparwood Trends
Mining is the primary economic driver in Sparwood. Teck Coal Limited (Teck) is currently
Sparwood's largest single employer, operating five coal mines and directly employing almost 4,000
workers, 20% of which live in Sparwood. The coal mines in the Elk Valley are the largest producing
metallurgical coal mines in Canada. Metallurgical coal is used for steel production and other
industrial purposes.
Teck purchases goods and services from local Sparwood businesses to support their mine
operations. Information from one mine extension application estimates that each Teck
construction job results in 1.4 direct, indirect, and induced jobs, 80% of which are within the
Elk Valley (where Sparwood currently comprises 20% of the labour force). The multiplier for
operations jobs is 1.7 (Figure 4). Sparwood's existing businesses include equipment rental,
maintenance and repairs, mechanical supply services, construction, trucking and transportation
services, professional services (insurance, legal, financial, environmental consulting) and general
building supply services. These businesses are currently concentrated in industrially zoned lands in
Sparwood. There are also some offices and commercial services located in downtown Sparwood.
3
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Our Future Sparwood - District of Sparwood Official Community Plan
Direct
Employment
Direct
Employment
to Suppliers
Indirect
Employment
Induced
Employment
Overall
Multiplier
Construction
1
0.7
0.4
0.4
1.4
Operations
1
0.8
0.5
0.4
1.7
Economic diversity is a key part of creating a strong local economy. The regional economy is
currently one of the least diversified in the province, mining being 28 times more concentrated in
the Elk Valley municipalities compared to BC overall. Although communities dependent on single
industries can be prosperous, communities that depend on a variety of industries are more resilient
and less likely to suffer from the boom-and-bust economic cycle. In the last decade, the percentage
of residents employed by mining in Sparwood increased, leading to reduced resilience for our
community.
In 2010, over 50% of Sparwood's population was in the prime working age range of 25 to 54.
Industries employing the highest proportion of workers in 2010 included mining (32%), wholesale
and retail trade (14%), other services (10%) (includes 4% employment in accommodation and food
services), health and education (13%), and manufacturing and construction (8%). Although the
share of the prime working age population increased between 2006 and 2011, this prime working
age group will decline as workers retire.
Considering jobs in Sparwood and the concentration of specific economic sectors compared to BC
overall, economic opportunities include:
-
Mining service firms (suppliers);
-
New mine development;
-
Amenity-driven entrepreneurs;
-
Accommodation properties;
-
Agricultural processing or value-add development;
-
Education and research institutes; and,
-
Tourism product development.
There are also opportunities to explore the development of commercial outdoor recreation
businesses such as guided fishing, guided rafting, hunting, and tourism related accommodation,
beverage, and entertainment businesses, among others.
Sparwood is moving towards becoming a community that attracts and retains residents who work
in the industrial sector, as well as a community that offers shops and services suitable for the
employment base. With 80% of employees at the five mines living outside of Sparwood, the District
has an opportunity to encourage people who live and work in Sparwood, as well as visitors to carry
Figure 4:
Estimated Direct, Indirect, and Induced Employment Effects (From Line Creek Operations Phase II
Project: Environmental Assessment Certificate Application).
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out their purchasing and business activities within the community. With this in mind, there is
currently an opportunity to further develop and broaden the services available to local residents.
For example, the Business Retention and Expansion Survey conducted in 2014 highlighted the
community's desire to have further high-quality restaurant options in Sparwood.
District's Role
Sparwood's Council, staff, and Chamber of Commerce support and promote business development
and diversity within the community.
Sparwood supports local economic development through a variety of initiatives, such as:
-
Encouraging businesses to locate in the downtown, as identified on Schedule D;
-
Working with local business owners to improve aesthetics and make long term improvements
to downtown;
-
Supporting inter-community business networks in the Elk Valley to encourage business
diversity; and
-
Dedicating municipal resources to support local business development.
Objectives and Policies
Objective 3.1
To encourage economic diversification and create a supportive climate for
businesses.
Policy 3.1.1
Collaborate with the Chamber of Commerce, businesses, and community leaders
to develop an economic retention and expansion strategy, aimed at identifying
obstacles and opportunities for development in Sparwood.
Policy 3.1.2
Encourage tourism-related businesses and visitor services, including restaurants
and retailers, to locate downtown.
Policy 3.1.3
Review policies and zoning regulations to identify opportunities that support
mixed commercial and residential uses in the downtown.
Policy 3.1.4
Work with residents, the Chamber of Commerce and Sparwood Visitor Centre to
actively promote recreational opportunities in the community.
Policy 3.1.5
Investigate opportunities for increasing the available supply of industrial land to
meet the needs of industrial businesses.
Policy 3.1.6
Consider expanding municipal boundary to the north for new industrial land.
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Our Future Sparwood - District of Sparwood Official Community Plan
Photo Credit: Alex Miller
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Policy 3.1.7
Recognize the opportunity to promote Sparwood as the entrance to BC from the
east and build on this opportunity by developing a Heritage Centre downtown.
Policy 3.1.8
Assist developers and employers with their site selection activities.
Policy 3.1.9
Develop a municipal marketing plan or strategy to attract businesses, consumers,
and real estate development.
Policy 3.1.10
To encourage the development of local agricultural processing and other value-
add operations.
Objective 3.2
To support small business development in the community.
Policy 3.2.1
Recognize home-based businesses as important contributors to the local
economy, encouraging them to transition to commercially-zoned lands as their
business grows.
Policy 3.2.2
Continue to encourage the development of broadband Internet services in the
community as a means to support small business and to attract new businesses.
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Our Future Sparwood - District of Sparwood Official Community Plan
4.
Agriculture and Rural Lands
GOAL 4
Protect, manage and enhance rural, agricultural and forestry lands, balancing competing interests.
Why is this Important?
Protecting agricultural land is important to promote long-term food production, employment, and
self-sufficiency. Benefits from protecting the forest environment include a healthier environment,
ecological biodiversity, and landscape aesthetics. Protecting rural lands helps Sparwood maintain its
sense of place, outdoor recreation opportunities, and quality of life.
Sparwood Trends
Agriculture is limited in the Elk Valley due to climate, topography, soil capability, access, and
fragmentation of the land into small parcels. Within Sparwood, the majority of agricultural land
is comprised of five to ten acre parcels in the Matevic Road area, although there are other small
agricultural lands north of Cummings Creek and east of Michel Creek. The primary use of these
existing agricultural lands is residential, with little in the way of agriculture production.
Sparwood relies on food industries from other regions, which make it particularly vulnerable from
a food security perspective. That is unlikely to change in the future, given the constraints listed in
the paragraph above as well as the established global food system in existence today. However,
new technology may allow for increased production of marginal land, as would greenhouse farming.
Changes to the global food system may also necessitate increasing local food production.
In 2008, the Regional District of East Kootenay (RDEK), in collaboration with the Agricultural
Land Commission (ALC), initiated a review of the Agricultural Land Reserve (ALR) boundaries and
regulations in the Elk Valley. This work was re-activated through an application initiated by the ALC
in 2013, which resulted in a net-loss of ALR lands in this region. Current ALR lands are designated
'Agricultural' in Schedule B: Future Land Use Map.
4
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District's Role
Sparwood manages the development and phasing of rural lands development through this OCP and
in accordance with Provincial legislation. Agriculture land in the Agricultural Land Reserve is further
regulated under the Agricultural Land Commission Act and Regulations.
Sparwood may encourage local agricultural production through land use regulations, policies, and
access to production areas. Sparwood currently accommodates a farmers' market on District land
and could continue to support that initiative in the future.
Objectives and Policies
Objective 4.1
To preserve agricultural land and support farming, where the land capability is
well matched for agricultural uses.
Policy 4.1.1
Support the preservation of lands in the Agricultural Land Reserve (ALR).
Objective 4.2
To encourage farming opportunities in Sparwood that match land capability,
climatic conditions, and demand for farm products.
Policy 4.2.1
Support farmers' markets as a means to promote local food production.
Policy 4.2.2
Support the expansion of urban agriculture in the form of community gardens
and public produce gardens to creatively and productively use land such as parks
and other underutilized green spaces.
Policy 4.2.3
Support food fairs and other food-related public events in the community.
Policy 4.2.4
Support local, healthy and safe food production and distribution through
procurement policies.
Policy 4.2.5
Work with local partners and community groups to promote and build
awareness of local food security.
Policy 4.2.6
Work with community groups, youth groups, schools and other organizattions to
encourage, facilitate, and expand local food production awareness.
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Our Future Sparwood - District of Sparwood Official Community Plan
5.
Culture, Arts and Heritage
Encourage, promote and celebrate local heritage, culture and arts.
Why is this Important?
Heritage and local mining history play a large role in the character and identity of Sparwood and its
residents. Some residents still have strong memories of the former settlements of Michel, Natal,
and Middletown that were relocated to Sparwood in the mid-60s. Important events and spaces
include the Terex Titan, the mine artifacts walking tour, Miner's Memorial in Centennial Square, coal
mine tours, a museum, and the annual Coal Miner Days event.
Supporting community heritage through arts and culture should:
-
Acknowledge and celebrate aboriginal history;
-
Help to collectively remember the local history and those communities lost through the urban
renewal project in the mid 1960s;
-
Support our economy, engage and attract tourism; and,
-
Contribute to Sparwood's unique design objectives for the desired look and feel of the
community.
Sparwood Trends
For more than 10,000 years, the Ktunaxa people (pronounced 'k-too-nah-ha'), also known as
Kootenay, Kootenai or Kutenai, have occupied a traditional territory within the Kootenay region of
southeastern British Columbia, and historically included parts of Alberta, Montana, Washington and
Idaho. The Ktunaxa language is an isolate, and is unrelated to any other language in the world.
This vast territory of approximately 70,000 square kilometres (27,000 square miles) provided the
5
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Ktunaxa people with an abundance of natural bounty. All food, medicine and material for shelter
and clothing were obtained from nature. Seasonal migrations occurred throughout the area, from
the valley floors to the mountain tops, to follow vegetation and hunting cycles.
The Elk Valley area was the primary home of the easternmost branch of the Ktunaxa people, who
are closely connected to families living at what is now Tobacco Plains. For hundreds of generations,
the Ktunaxa people used the this area and the Crowsnest Pass as a trade and travel route through
the Rocky Mountains.
In 1897 the Crowsnest Coal Company started the area's first mine, after Canadian Pacific Rail began
constructing a rail link between Lethbridge and Kootenay Landing. A year later, the company
established the settlement of Michel to house workers. Within two years, Michel grew to twelve
cottages, a store, and a hotel. By 1903, just three years later, the population of Michel was over
five hundred people. As Michel rapidly grew, other settlements grew in the Michel Valley. Natal
was established in 1907. By 1966, the settlements of Michel, Middletown, and the Village of Natal
were deemed adversely affected by mining activities, resulting in the relocation of these residents
to Sparwood through a provincial urban renewal program. Sparwood was officially incorporated
on May 12, 1966. Today, the settlements of these former communities are visible only through
commemorative information kiosks at the former town site of Michel. There are no buildings
remaining at these former communities.
Arts, culture, heritage, and educational organizations that currently operate in Sparwood include:
Michel-Natal-Sparwood Heritage Society, Coal Miner Days Society, and the Sparwood District Arts
and Heritage Council.
District's Role
In order to encourage local community arts, culture, and heritage initiatives, Sparwood can:
- Use the Community Events Fund to support individuals, groups, and organizations in hosting
community events;
- Host events and festivals in partnership with local organizations to showcase various traditions
and cultures;
- Display art in public spaces;
- Discourage vandalism through youth education, timely maintenance, and other initiatives that
promote civic pride; and
- Collaborate with arts, culture, and heritage organizations on specific projects.
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Our Future Sparwood - District of Sparwood Official Community Plan
Objectives and Policies
Objective 5.1
To encourage the conservation, interpretation and celebration of the
community's heritage.
Policy 5.1.1
Work with appropriate local groups to maintain heritage displays and signs.
Policy 5.1.2
Develop downtown design guidelines that promote a unique regional expression
in architecture and site development.
Policy 5.1.3
To encourage the growth of arts and culture in the community.
Policy 5.1.4
Encourage the development of a public art program to support the work of local
artists and enhance public buildings, streetscapes, and other public spaces.
Where appropriate, incorporate this public art program in commercial and multi-
family developments.
Policy 5.1.5
Identify opportunities to support the arts when making planning, service, and
program decisions.
Policy 5.1.6
Establish a reserve fund for the arts to be used for an art component in
Sparwood initiated projects.
Objective 5.2
To enhance community facilities and spaces through arts, heritage, and
culture.
Policy 5.2.1
As public spaces are developed or redeveloped consider outdoor places that
support programmed or spontaneous performance, art installation, and play.
Policy 5.2.2
Consider developing an arts and culture centre that is a welcoming gathering
place and is suitable for theatre, performances, art exhibits, and community
groups.
Policy 5.2.3
Support cultural, and performing arts uses within the downtown.
Policy 5.2.4
Continue to provide the use of public open spaces for year-round and family-
friendly community events and ceremonies, such as street festivals.
Policy 5.2.5
Encourage multi-day community events and festivals, so residents on four-on
and four-off schedules can volunteer, attend, and be involved in community
gatherings.
Policy 5.2.6
Encourage and work with community and business partners to fund a major
public art initiative.
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6.
Housing
GOAL 6
Encourage the provision of diverse housing options that allow residents with a range of ages, income
levels, and lifestyles to live comfortably in the community through all stages of their lives.
Why is this Important?
For most people, housing is the largest single investment they will make in their lifetime. However,
people's needs typically change as they get older - younger singles and couples without children
may require smaller homes than families and seniors may wish to downsize to accommodate
their changing physical needs. "Housing for all" means that someone's housing needs can be met
throughout their lifetime within the same community, because affordable housing choices exist for
varying life stages, situations, and circumstances.
Good housing provides a foundation for a healthy community, offering stability that enables people
to work, play, attend school, form relationships, nurture children and participate as citizens. Good
housing also affects our local economy, because house prices and rents help determine where new
residents choose to move within a region. Areas with high relative housing costs can find it hard
to attract and retain service sector workers. Finally, housing can affect our natural environment,
depending on how energy efficient we build them and whether the homes are close to shops,
services, schools, and jobs.
Sparwood Trends
A range of housing types and tenures can be found in Sparwood including apartments, townhouses,
manufactured home parks, single-family housing, and seniors housing.
Rental housing and non-market housing options, such as shelters and subsidized housing, are
limited or do not exist in the community. In 2021, 72% of homes in Sparwood were owned and 28%
rented. Sparwood tracks vacancy rates in rental housing every January and vacancy rates have been
near zero over the years 2020-2025.
6
Amended by Bylaw 1357, 2025
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Our Future Sparwood - District of Sparwood Official Community Plan
Housing for temporary workers also makes up a portion of the housing stock in Sparwood with
homeowners either renting the whole property or individual bedrooms. Data on individual bedroom
rentals is unavailable.
The median income in Sparwood is above the provincial average; however, poverty and housing
affordability are still concerns. Average housing prices in Sparwood have risen significantly in
recent years, as they have across the Province as a whole. Rising costs of housing both in terms of
construction costs and rental rates results in further challenges for housing in the community. In
2021, approximately 4.5% of households in the community are calculated as being in extreme core
housing need with 1.2% being owners and 3.3% being renters. Extreme core housing need is defined
as a household spending greater than 50% of their before tax income on housing.
Since this OCP was adopted in 2015, the District has facilitated the development of 62 affordable
housing units on District owned land leased to an affordable housing provider for 99 years.
Estimated Capacity for Residential Development
Schedule N to this Bylaw below identifies the estimated number of new dwellings that can be built
on undeveloped land in the community at 890. The estimate was based on current zoning and does
not consider available infrastructure capacity
These estimates show that based on current zoning the District is accommodating more than the
minimum 747 dwelling units identified in the 2024 Interim Housing Needs Report.
The map in Schedule N does not include any potential secondary suites nor the potential for
accessory dwelling unit development on currently developed low density lots which could result in
hundreds of additional units.
District's Role
Sparwood can:
- Use land use regulations to increase the variety and density of housing types;
- Encourage accessible and VisitAble Housing with no steps at entrances, wide doorways and
passages and full amenities on the main floor.
- Locate residential lands within walking distance to amenities and services;
- Either independently or in partnership with other levels of government, develop emergency,
transitional, supportive, and assisted housing;
- Develop an affordable housing strategy; and
- Use its land holdings to promote the development of affordable housing or other needed
housing types.
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- Use its land holdings to promote the development of affordable housing or other needed
housing types.
Objectives and Policies
Objective 6.1
To encourage accessible and VisitAble housing.
Policy 6.1.1
Encourage the development of special needs housing and adult living
communities in close proximity to downtown. Housing should be compatible
with adjoining uses in terms of use, scale, and density, in locations that are in
walking distance to amenities and services.
Policy 6.1.2
Explore developing a building checklist or design guidelines that allow for new
residential development to accommodate persons with mobility limitations.
Considerations include VisitAbility, adaptability, and universal access design.
Objective 6.2
To promote and facilitate the development of market and non-market
affordable housing.
Policy 6.2.1
Work with partners such as not-for-profit organizations, housing and community
service agencies, businesses, faith community organization, the healthcare
sector and others to formulate creative solutions to providing affordable and
emergency housing.
Policy 6.2.2
A "housing agreement" may be formed between Sparwood and the owner
and registered on the land's title to protect affordable housing created using
incentives or with other municipal resources or programs.
Policy 6.2.3
Advocate to BC Housing to help support low-income households and young
family housing needs.
Policy 6.2.4
Consider varying parking requirements or other development incentives for
development proposals incorporating non-market affordable housing.
Objective 6.3
To promote safe housing.
Policy 6.3.1
Promote educational material on provincial programs that support landlords and
tenants.
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Our Future Sparwood - District of Sparwood Official Community Plan
Objective 6.4
Ensure the land base meets anticipated housing needs.
Policy 6.4.1
To accommodate the potential for a minimum of 747 new dwellings in
Sparwood by 2045.
Policy 6.4.2
Sparwood by 2045. To illustrate the potential number of units available through
existing zoning as through Schedule N. Note that current estimates for the
number of potential dwellings on currently zoned land greatly exceed the 747
estimated need in 2045.
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Our Future Sparwood - District of Sparwood Official Community Plan
7.
Community Health and Safety
GOAL 7
Support a healthy, safe and engaged community through social development, community services
and civic engagement.
Why is this Important?
Ideally, all residents in our community can access quality childcare, education, have adequate living
incomes, shelter, and feel safe. Healthy and safe communities meet our basic needs and betters
quality of life. A network of holistic and accessible services allows all members of a community to
thrive and enjoy a healthy lifestyle.
An engaged and healthy community means that we volunteer, assist each other, and take a role
in directing our collective future. Having a strong sense of community matters, because when we
cooperate and reciprocate caring, we become a wealthier, healthier, and safer place.
Sparwood Trends
Sparwood is observing an increase in the number of retirees and seniors, along with a reduction in
young families and young adults living in the community. To support our aging population and to
attract and retain new people, Sparwood can work with partners to better serve residents of all ages
and abilities.
District's Role
HEALTH
Sparwood has extensive health services for a small community.
BC Interior Health Authority manages the Sparwood Primary Health Care Centre. Services offered
include: physicians, a nurse practitioner, a clinical nurse specialist, support staff, public health
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nursing, home care nursing, home support program, a dietitian, a chronic disease management
nurse, a chronic care physiotherapist, an acute care physiotherapist, a kidney dialysis clinic, lab and
x-ray, addictions counselling for both adults and youth, mental health counselling, and counselling
for children who have witnessed violence.
Additionally neurology, pediatrics, hepatology, psychiatry, otolaryngology, obstetrics and
gynaecology visiting physicians are available in Fernie. The Elk Valley Hospital is the nearest Level
1 acute care community hospital, also located in Fernie. Regional health care is offered at the East
Kootenay Regional Hospital and the Cranbrook Health Unit.
Retention of primary care and emergency health services in Sparwood is important to the
community.
EDUCATION
Public education in Sparwood is administered by School District 5. Frank J. Mitchell Elementary
School, offering classes from Kindergarten to Grade 6 is recognized for the positive contributions
to inclusive education within the province for offering extensive aboriginal support programs
and diverse athletic programs. With a current population of 375 students (2015-16) there is a
concern for future spacing as enrollment is expected to grow to 400 by 2018. Sparwood Secondary
School hosts 300 grade 7 to 12 students in a new facility opened in 2008. The Project Heavy
Duty curriculum blends academic studies with hands-on experience in local, industrial and post-
secondary opportunities - aiming to keep talent within the community. Graduation rates regularly
show in the top 90th percentile in the province.
The College of the Rockies (COTR) is the main post-secondary institution in the East Kootenays, with
its main campus in Cranbrook. COTR has partnered with Teck on a Mining Apprenticeship Program
that emphasizes skills required for coal mining or electrical operations in the industry.
PUBLIC SAFETY
The Sparwood Fire Department provides fire suppression, motor vehicle extrication, rescue, fire
prevention inspections (commercial), and public Fire Prevention & Safety education, as well as other
related services within the District of Sparwood. It is a composite volunteer department responding
to emergencies from two stations.
Law enforcement and police protection is provided by the Elk Valley Detachment of the Royal
Canadian Mounted Police, which is located in Sparwood.
BC Ambulance has one station located within the District of Sparwood.
Sparwood Search and Rescue is a volunteer non-profit organization which operates under guidelines
set out by Emergency Management BC. They provide assistance to other agencies by locating
and rescuing injured persons in difficult to access locations as well as technical assistance in rope
rescue, swift water rescue, flood rescue, avalanche search/rescue/recovery and in response to civil
emergencies (i.e. evacuations and floods).
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Our Future Sparwood - District of Sparwood Official Community Plan
CIVIC ENGAGEMENT
Sparwood promotes volunteer and public engagement activitie using a variety of communications
tools so residents can stay informed and get involved in District activities. There are several service
organizations in Sparwood including: Society for Kid's Care Elk Valley, Food Bank Society, Sparwood
Futures Society, Lions Club, Knights of Columbus, and Royal Canadian Legion. The Public Relations
Committee is a subcommittee of Council that focuses on initiatives to promote the profile of
Sparwood. The ongoing engagement of the community is a priority based on the feedback from this
Official Community Plan update process.
Objectives and Policies
HEALTH
Objective 7.1
To encourage a healthy community through social development initiatives.
Policy 7.1.1
Advocate for the BC Interior Health Authority and the provincial government to
secure 24-hour emergency care in Sparwood.
Policy 7.1.2
Encourage Interior Health to develop a STARS-accessible helipad.
Policy 7.1.3
Advocate to the Interior Health Authority for an alternative model for continuum
of care facilities in Sparwood.
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Policy 7.1.4
Consider adopting a healthy food and beverage policy for civic facilities.
Policy 7.1.5
Consider creating policies to restrict unhealthy food and beverage marketing in
public areas frequented by children, including public buildings, the Recreation
Centre, parks, and the Public Library.
Objective 7.2
To support increased access to diverse community services for all residents.
Policy 7.2.1
Improve the access and availability of information regarding community
services. Support plain language and clear communication, and reach out to new
residents to support a welcoming and socially inclusive community.
Policy 7.2.2
Continue to recognize and support the important contributions of volunteers and
non-profit groups and agencies, who bring significant value to the community.
Policy 7.2.3
Support the integration of community services such as religious facilities,
schools, care centres, group homes and seniors housing into residential areas,
where appropriate.
Policy 7.2.4
Continue adopting policies for partial or full property tax exemptions, or other
financial incentives, for buildings owned or leased by non-profit organizations to
provide social, cultural or recreational services and programs for public benefit.
EDUCATION
Objective 7.3
To support the whole community with skills and trades training and education.
Policy 7.3.1
Encourage the College of the Rockies to develop a Sparwood campus specializing
in mining, mechanics, early childhood education, and other disciplines.
Policy 7.3.2
Advocate for access to affordable, quality licensed childcare and preschool,
including:
a)
Encouraging employer-supported child care; and,
b)
Encouraging early childhood development initiatives.
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Our Future Sparwood - District of Sparwood Official Community Plan
PUBLIC SAFETY
Objective 7.4
To create a safe and secure environment for all members of the community.
Policy 7.4.1
Continue using District infrastructure as a crime prevention measure, including
lighting improvements, security cameras, beautification, and community clean-
ups.
Policy 7.4.2
Consider Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) principles in
the review process for rezoning applications.
Policy 7.4.3
Support, recognize, and advocate for public safety volunteers.
Policy 7.4.4
Support the continued operations of Search and Rescue and also provide
adequate infrastructure to allow the volunteer organization to provide a high-
level of service.
CIVIC ENGAGEMENT
Objective 7.5
To promote a friendly and welcoming community.
Policy 7.5.1
Support a program to welcome and orient new residents and businesses to the
community.
Policy 7.5.2
Continue to explore ways to engage and support new residents through
Sparwood's civic engagement processes.
Policy 7.5.3
Where feasible, provide universal physical accessibility in all civic buildings and
facilities and promote the same in all other new developments.
Objective 7.6
To actively engage citizens to help inform municipal decision making processes.
Policy 7.6.1
Encourage, engage and partner with community service groups to be responsive
in meeting a variety of community needs.
Policy 7.6.2
Implement the Communications Strategy to gather meaningful input into the
municipal decision-making process.
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Policy 7.6.3
Apply consistent community consultation protocols for every department for
how and when the community will be engaged.
Policy 7.6.4
Establish development engagement guidelines to gather meaningful public input
on new developments in the review process.
Policy 7.6.5
Seek creative ways to encourage youth participation in District's decision-making
process.
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Photo Credit: Jhim Burwell
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8.
Public Utilities and Infrastructure
GOAL 8
Provide and manage infrastructure and services, including potable water, sewage, stormwater and
roads, in a cost-effective and sustainable manner.
Why is this Important?
All residents and businesses depend on reliable access to safe drinking water, sewage treatment,
and stormwater management systems. Providing this infrastructure is one of the largest investments
Sparwood makes, and maintenance of these systems is a significant portion of District expenditures.
Sparwood Trends
DRINKING WATER
Sparwood boasts award-winning drinking water. Sparwood maintains 32 km of water pipes. A new
reservoir is planned for additional phases Whiskey Jack development. This construction would also
involve the installation of new distribution mains.
Sparwood currently operates and maintains three municipal wells to provide the community's water
supply with an additional well planned for construction. The water supply is not chlorinated and
water analysis is available at www.sparwood.ca. The existing well pumps have capacity to supply
a population of 7,800. Beginning January 2015, Sparwood discontinued fluoridation of its water
supply.
Operations and maintenance of Sparwood's water collection, treatment, and distribution systems
are significant and it is important to use the existing system efficiently before requiring costly
expansions. Due to the nature of future upgrades to the water system, capital projects must be well
planned, so a safe and reliable source of water is provided to best serve the community.
Water conservation is an important aspect of extending the lifespan of water treatment and delivery
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infrastructure. Water conservation policies are contained in Section 11.
SANITARY SEWER AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT
Sparwood's Sanitary Sewer Wastewater Treatment plant is located at the public works yard and
provides secondary treatment through an extended aeration system and oxidation ditch, with
ultraviolet as its disinfection system. Waste is separated in a centrifuge process and treated effluent
is discharged to the Elk River.
Sparwood maintains 31 km of sewage pipes. A 2005 analysis indicates that Sparwood's existing
wastewater treatment facility has the capacity to service a population of 4,610 people. Given the
population projections in Figure 5 (refer to page 16), Sparwood may approach the full capacity
of the system by 2035, but is not likely to exceed it. Adding a clarifier and improving the aeration
process in the oxidation ditch could increase the plant's capacity to support a population of 8,170.
Sparwood has invested in a water loss management and water conservation program to reduce
load entering the treatment plant and to extend the lifespan of the treatment facility. In 2015,
Sparwood be initiated an infiltration program to locate leaks into the wastewater system.
The Sparwood Heights Lift Station is located on Lower Matevic Road. The station currently
services all of Sparwood Heights and has the capacity to service a population of 4,540 people.
To accommodate the Whiskey Jack development, plans exist to upgrade the force main. While
Sparwood Heights and Whiskey Jack could approach a fully built out population of 5,170, the
population projections in Figure 5 (refer to page 16) suggest that this population is not likely to be
reached by 2035.
OTHER INFRASTRUCTURE
Sparwood maintains 17 km of stormwater pipes. The transfer station is located in south Sparwood
and operated by the RDEK. Electricity is provided by BC Hydro, natural gas by Fortis BC, and
telecommunications by Telus and Shaw.
Sparwood has constructed the open access underground fibre optic network and currently provides
100 megabit full-duplex service over single-mode optical fibres. The backbone runs approximately
4.5 km from the Municipal Office's Networks Operation Centre down Spruce Avenue, over to and
down Pine Avenue to the end of Douglas Fir Road.
District's Role
Sparwood, the RDEK, the Provincial and Federal Governments all provide services to people in
Sparwood. Sparwood provides water, sewer, stormwater, street lighting, fire, and garbage collection
services. Investment in a fibre optic network in the early 2000s has provided Sparwood with a strong
communications infrastructure and the potential to expand business and education services.
Objectives and Policies
MUNICIPAL INFRASTRUCTURE
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Objective 8.1
To provide utility services in an orderly pattern of development to avoid
premature expenditures on municipal infrastructure.
Policy 8.1.1
The extent, location and phasing of development for infrastructure, including
municipal water and sanitary sewer trunk lines, are shown in Schedule F and
Schedule G.
Policy 8.1.2
Sparwood does not support the extension of municipal services outside its
municipal boundary.
Policy 8.1.3
Update the Subdivision Servicing Bylaw 591 to allow for environmentally
sustainable alternatives that reduce infrastructure, operations, and maintenance
costs and make Sparwood more resilient to climate change. An update should
also consider sustainable options for stormwater management, low water use
landscaping, dark sky standards, and standards appropriate to match winter
conditions.
Policy 8.1.4
Update the Subdivision Servicing Bylaw 591 to include integrated stormwater
management. A combination of storm sewers, groundwater recharge, detention
ponds, wetlands, ditches and natural drainable courses should be considered to
accommodate stormwater runoff and mitigate negative impacts on downstream
areas and watercourses.
Policy 8.1.5
Sparwood encourages private enterprise and developers acting as the prime
applicants for future subdivision, land development, and land sales. Sparwood
wishes to reduce, and eventually eliminate, its historic role in land development.
Objective 8.2
To require that the costs of upgrading infrastructure services and servicing new
development be borne by those who benefit.
Policy 8.2.1
When feasible, Sparwood will enter into latecomer agreements to require
benefiting parcels to pay their proportionate share of infrastructure costs when
connecting to the excess or extended service.
Policy 8.2.2
Sparwood supports the principle of infrastructure improvements that benefit the
municipality as a whole. Where possible, provincial cost sharing will be sought to
reduce the financial impact on the ratepayer.
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Policy 8.2.3
The costs of upgrading services are borne primarily by those property owners
who benefit including local service areas, utility charges, development works
service agreements, and other finance tools.
Policy 8.2.4
New development will continue to contribute toward the costs of infrastructure
capacity improvements that benefit the entire community through the use of
development works servicing agreements, amenity negotiations, comprehensive
development agreements, and other finance tools.
Objective 8.3
To encourage infrastructure systems that addresses energy conservation.
Policy 8.3.1
Promote demand-side management programs by working in partnership with BC
Hydro, natural gas providers, and provincial and federal programs.
Policy 8.3.2
Leading by example, continue energy conservation initiatives using Sparwood's
assets, including LED street lighting and District building retrofits.
WATER INFRASTRUCTURE
Objective 8.4
To provide a sufficient supply of water to serve the domestic, fire protection,
and irrigation needs of the community.
Policy 8.4.1
Continue Sparwood's water system maintenance and upgrades through the
Water Loss Management Program aimed at identifying and repairing leaks to
watermains.
Policy 8.4.2
Integrate ongoing water conservation measures into water system planning.
Objective 8.5
To protect surface and groundwater supply sources in the community.
Policy 8.5.1
Focus investment in the development and rehabilitation of water system
elements identified in Infrastructure Map - Water Phasing (Schedule F).
Policy 8.5.2
Continue the Source Water Protection program where municipal wells are
protected by designated Groundwater Protection Zones which limit recreational,
commercial and agricultural use of the surrounding land.
SANITARY SEWER INFRASTRUCTURE
Objective 8.6
To provide sufficient capacity for municipal sanitary sewer collection system
and treatment facilities.
Policy 8.6.1
Extend the life and functionality of the wastewater treatment plant by reducing
load, which may include addressing issues relating to inflow, infiltration, and
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excessive water consumption.
Policy 8.6.2
Investigate options for wastewater treatment to meet future demand, including
plant upgrades, expansion or replacement.
Policy 8.6.3
Invest in the development of the sewer system elements identified in
Infrastructure Map - Sewer Phasing (Schedule G).
STORMWATER MANAGEMENT
Objective 8.7
To prevent adverse effects to the water quality of creeks, streams, rivers, and
other bodies of water that may receive stormwater discharge.
Policy 8.7.1
Encourage new development to incorporate Stormwater Management Best
Practices that are appropriate for the site condition.
Policy 8.7.2
Prepare a Stormwater Management Master Plan for the community to reduce
negative impacts from direct discharge into rivers, creeks, and streams.
Policy 8.7.3
Identify drainage basins, necessary infrastructure improvements, capital costs,
and environmental protection requirements.
Policy 8.7.4
Encourage the use of parks and open space for stormwater detention areas and
conveyance corridors where space and programs permit.
Policy 8.7.5
Encourage the use of surface drainage systems as an amenity or open space
corridors.
Policy 8.7.6
Encourage the use of natural systems, like wetlands to capture, slow down,
store, filter and infiltrate stormwater discharge in existing and new development
where such systems are designed by a qualified professional with expertise in
this field.
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9.
Transportation, Highway and Utility Corridors
GOAL 9
Provide a safe and efficient multi-modal transportation system that balances vehicular traffic with
active transportation.
Why is this Important?
Sparwood's transportation network provides internal linkages for residents, regional links for
residents and workers, and connects Sparwood economically to the world.
Sparwood is the first community encountered while traveling from Alberta to British Columbia
on Highway 3. The highways are important corridors for the movement of goods, creating critical
economic linkages to support local businesses and providing visitors with the first impression of the
community along with services to travelers.
Internal and regional links are important for connecting residents and workers to jobs, shops,
services, healthcare, and education. A strong transportation network provides people with safe,
accessible, and convenient travel choices. Community health and well-being can be improved by
making active and shared transportation (walking, cycling, shuttles, and buses) an easier and more
attractive choice for people of all ages, abilities, and incomes. Transportation choices can also help
mitigate safety risks from impaired driving.
Sparwood Trends
Sparwood is accessible by air, road, and rail. While it looks different today compared to the late
1800s, the Canadian Pacific Railway still provides a key link to export Sparwood's resources to
coastal ports. The existing five Elk Valley coal mines depend on rail to transport coal - 90% of which
is shipped west to Vancouver ports for transport to world markets.
The local Elk Valley Airport supports a small charter service while the Canadian Rockies International
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Photo Credit: John Baker
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Airport, near Cranbrook, and the Calgary International Airport offer commercial and freight service.
The Elk Valley Transit System provides a public transit connection between Elkford, Sparwood and
Fernie while the Health Connections bus connects Sparwood to Cranbrook with service to the Elk
Valley Hospital in Fernie. Funding for the transit service is shared by the RDEK and BC Transit.
District's Role
Sparwood's roads, sidewalks and trails are an important public asset that facilitates vehicle,
bike and pedestrian movement between different parts of the community. The performance of
a transportation network affects quality of life, economic activity, and social well-being in the
community.
The Iron Rails CPR Overpass, Elk River Crossing Pedestrian Bridge, and the Link Trail that connect
Sparwood Heights to Lower Sparwood were officially opened in 2011. A 5.1 km vehicular route can
now be replaced by 1.6 km of walking or cycling. The investment in these pedestrian linkages has
greatly improved the walkability between Sparwood Heights and Lower Sparwood and provides an
emergency route to Sparwood Heights in case the highway is closed. Plans exist to add more trails to
connect residential areas to the downtown. The overpasses and trails also serve an important safety
function by providing safe access over the railway tracks.
Objectives and Policies
TRANSPORTATION NETWORK
Objective 9.1
To provide for the efficient and safe movement of people and goods.
Policy 9.1.1
Work with other levels of government, including the Ministry of Transportation
and Infrastructure, in the planning, design, and construction of all regional
roadway projects to develop efficient and safe transportation networks.
Transportation includes consideration of all modes including vehicles, pedestrian,
bicycle, and commercial trucks.
Policy 9.1.2
For proposed residential, commercial, and industrial developments, the District
of Sparwood and the Ministry of Transportation and Infrastructure will facilitate
and administer coordinated Traffic Impact Assessments to address changes in
traffic movements, volumes and any associated road infrastructure requirement.
Policy 9.1.3
Consider wildlife migration in the development of transportation networks.
Objective 9.2
To provide multiple modes of transportation that link all land uses and build
on Sparwood's trail network and path system as a means to reduce vehicle
trips.
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Our Future Sparwood - District of Sparwood Official Community Plan
Policy 9.2.1
Work with the Ministry of Transportation and Infrastructure, major employers
and development partners to prioritize the implementation of objectives
contained in the Sparwood Transportation Master Plan.
Policy 9.2.2
Work with the Ministry of Transportation and Infrastructure and major
employers to provide multi-modal access, connections, streetscape
improvements, and landscaping associated with the future development of office
and commercial services east of the Highway 3 and Highway 43 intersection.
Policy 9.2.3
Continue to upgrade and develop existing and proposed trails as set out in
Schedule H: Parks and Natural Areas.
Objective 9.3
To upgrade and expand the transportation network in an environmentally
sensitive and fiscally responsible manner.
Policy 9.3.1
Gradually build pathway connections, upgrades, and on-street facilities
that accommodate cyclists and other active-mode users, as outlined in the
Transportation Master Plan.
Policy 9.3.2
Consider reducing the parking requirements for develpments where alternative
transportation means are provided, for example, car-share programs.
Policy 9.3.3
Evaluate transportation investments using a transportation hierarchy that values
active transportation, freight movement, and personal vehicles in decreasing
order of importance.
Objective 9.4
To improve the safety, comfort, and appearance of sidewalks.
Policy 9.4.1
Streetscape improvements, including landscaping, consistent street furnishings,
sidewalk construction and replacement, shall be considered in all road upgrade
projects.
Policy 9.4.2
Support sidewalk improvements that will result in increased pedestrian safety
and mobility throughout the community.
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Objective 9.5
To enhance the aesthetic quality of the highway corridor area.
Policy 9.5.1
Work with the Ministry of Transportation and Infrastructure to ensure access
management principles and major street network plans are considered when
reviewing development along Highway 3 and Highway 43.
Policy 9.5.2
Work with the RDEK and the Ministry of Transportation and Infrastructure to
continue efforts in reducing sign clutter along Highways 3 and 43.
Policy 9.5.3
Continue to support the Gateway Business Signage Program and discourage new
signage along highway corridors, except as permitted by the Sign Bylaw.
ACTIVE TRANSPORTATION
Objective 9.6
To increase local transportation options between homes, jobs, shops, and
services.
Policy 9.6.1
Construct paths and trails networks in accordance with Schedule H: Parks and
Natural Areas.
Policy 9.6.2
Continue to work on infrastructure projects that support walking, bicycling, and
other active modes as alternative forms of transportation.
Policy 9.6.3
Link walking and cycling paths and lanes to adjacent major open spaces, parks,
schools, other public institutions, and large activity areas.
Policy 9.6.4
Require new developments in the community, where practical, to provide
walking/biking path connections to the community's trail network.
Policy 9.6.5
Address, where practical, mobility concerns and barrier-free access issues during
the design and construction of trails.
Policy 9.6.6
Encourage bicycle travel through the provision of facilities such as bike racks at
public recreation facilities, in parks, commercial areas, and at schools.
Policy 9.6.7
Seek cooperation in the future joint-use of utility and transportation corridors as
cycling and pedestrian networks and endeavour to incorporate any abandoned
corridors as part of the community's trail network.
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PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION
Objective 9.7
To increase regional transportation options between homes, jobs, shops, and
services.
Policy 9.7.1
Work with BC Transit, RDEK, and other local governments in the area to meet the
public transit needs of Elk Valley residents.
Policy 9.7.2
Work with major employers and the Chamber of Commerce to determine if
there is a need for a shuttle service between Sparwood and primary work sites.
Policy 9.7.3
Encourage the development of volunteer shuttle services.
RAILWAY CORRIDOR
The railway rights-of-ways through Sparwood have been designated as Transportation use on the
Future Land Use Map (Schedule B).
Objective 9.8
To preserve Transportation Corridors for transportation uses.
Policy 9.8.1
Allow rail transportation use in the existing railway rights-of-way.
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10.
Parks and Natural Areas
GOAL 10
Encourage an active and healthy community through the development, maintenance and
enhancement of high-quality parks, passive and active recreational facilities and programs, and
active transportation infrastructure.
Why is this Important?
Parks and green space offer refuge and direct access to nature in an otherwise built environment.
Quality green space and park areas provide for a variety of recreation, leisure and social
opportunities for the community. A key contributor to the quality of life is the significant extent of
parks and open space in the community and the linkages offered by trails to between communities
and surrounding natural area.
Recreation engages people and builds social cohesion, generating healthy and inclusive
communities. Recreation and leisure is essential to our well-being, encouraging physical activity,
fostering social connections and providing enjoyment for all ages and abilities.
Sparwood Trends
Outdoor recreation is a key activity in Sparwood for both residents and tourists. Trail systems and
old forest service roads provide access for hiking, camping, mountain biking, and motorized pursuits.
Mountain rivers, streams, Summit and nearby Grave Lake provide opportunities for boating, fishing,
and swimming. Wildlife viewing and hunting are also popular due to the large amount of game in
the area, such as bear, cougars, deer, elk, moose mountain goat and bighorn sheep.
In addition to the abundant outdoor recreation amenities, Sparwood's recreation facilities include
a large leisure centre with a pool, fitness centre, skating arena, curling rink, dance studio/multi-
purpose room, climbing wall and indoor racquet courts. Outdoor facilities include playgrounds, skate
park, bike park, minor and regulation ball diamonds, multi-purpose sports field, track, and disc golf
course. Sparwood offers a variety of leisure programming for children and adults throughout the
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year.
The Sunset Ridge Ski Society maintains several kilometers of cross-country ski trails in the winter. In
summer, there is a nine-hole golf course and driving range, operated by the Sparwood Golf Club. In
addition to that, the developers of the Whiskey Jack subdivision have begun construction of an 18-
hole golf course.
Emerging trends and issues in recreation and leisure include: Aging infrastructure; Changes in
demographics; Changes to sport standards and regulations; New standards for health, safety and
the environment; Increased need for accessibility; and, Changing trends in recreation choices.
District's Role
Sparwood has built numerous parks, playgrounds, sports fields, and pedestrian linkages that
supplement the natural recreation amenities in Sparwood. Continued investment in these facilities
and programs will help provide for the recreational needs of residents.
Sparwood recognizes the existing parks, trails and recreation areas shown on the "Parks and Natural
Areas" map (Schedule H).
Objectives and Policies
Objective 10.1
To meet the park and recreational needs of residents.
Policy 10.1.1
In accordance with S. 941 of the Local Government Act, Sparwood will require
dedication of land, including linear pars as trails, in accordance with the
"Parks and Natural Areas" map (Schedule H), or cash in lieu of park dedication.
Proposed dedications of park lands that are isolated and do not add to parks and
trails connectivity will be discouraged.
Policy 10.1.2
Pursuant to S. 941 (2) of the LGA, in the event that the area shown on the "Parks
and Natural Areas" map (Schedule H) is less than 5% of the area proposed to be
subdivided, at the option of the District of Sparwood, the District of Sparwood
may require cash in lieu pursuant to S. 941(1) of the LGA, or land of up to 5% of
the area proposed to be subdivided.
Policy 10.1.3
Promote a range of affordable recreational programming.
Policy 10.1.4
Seek input from youth in the community in identifying facilities and programs
that meet their needs.
Policy 10.1.5
Update the Parks and Recreation Master Plan to guide the development of
recreation facilities, and priorities for the improvement of parks, trails, pathways,
and open space.
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Photo Credit: Marija Goetting
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Our Future Sparwood - District of Sparwood Official Community Plan
Policy 10.1.6
Integrate park planning and design with broader community planning initiatives
related to land use, residential development, transportation, and provisioning of
community amenities, including:
a)
Public gathering places for community celebration, contemplation,
meeting socially, and for civic engagement;
b)
Public art; and
c)
Aboriginal and immigrant culture, the environment, local heritage
and veterans.
Policy 10.1.7
Encourage partnerships with community groups to expand Sparwood's park use
and implement diverse programming within parks that benefit local residents.
Objective 10.2
To use green corridors effectively to promote healthy living and provide more
opportunities for walking and biking.
Policy 10.2.1
Continue to expand the paths and trail system over time by adding links to
residential subdivisions and by connecting them to schools, recreation facilities,
parks, and downtown.
Policy 10.2.2
At the time of subdivision, seek opportunities for connecting public access
trails and/or parks. The access corridor may be in addition to, and outside, any
riparian management area requirements identified in this OCP.
Policy 10.2.3
Sparwood may consider the acquisition of all or a portion of properties in high-
priority access areas where it is unlikely the required land can be obtained in less
expensive ways in the desired timeframe.
Policy 10.2.4
Encourage partnerships with private landowners, agencies and community
groups to create opportunities for expanding trails and linear parks within the
town and on surrounding Crown Lands.
Policy 10.2.5
Encourage partnerships and opportunities for expanding back-country ridge trail
circuits and access to lookouts aimed at hiking, mountain biking, cross-country
skiing, back-country skiing, and snowshoeing.
Policy 10.2.6
Work with the RDEK and motorized recreation groups for the identification of
off-road recreation areas.
Policy 10.2.7
Consider securing public access along the south side of Cummings Creek for
the purpose of constructing a non-motorized trail linking the cross-country ski
trails on the west end to the proposed trail next to Hwy 43 in the absence of a
developed golf course by October 2017
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Policy 10.2.8
Consider securing public access along the south side of Cummings Creek for the
purpose of constructing a non-motorized trail linking the proposed trail along
Hwy 43 through to the future park lands at the confluence of Cummings Creek
and the Elk River
Policy 10.2.9
Policy 10.2.10
Policy 10.2.11
Policy 10.2.12
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11.
Environmental Protection and Open Space
GOAL 11
Promote environmental conservation best practices.
Why is this Important?
Within the Elk River Valley, Sparwood is blessed with a beautiful montane grassland, watercourses,
and forest environment that supports a vast array of fish and wildlife.
We cannot live without a properly functioning ecosystem. Plants, animals, and fungi clean our
air, moderate our climate, provide us with food, absorb our wastes, and provide numerous other
ecological, aesthetic, and social benefits.
Sparwood Trends
With 6,000 to 12,000 vehicles a day traversing Highway 3, the rate of wildlife-vehicle collisions has
raised public safety concerns. Research in 2010 identified that the section of Highway 3 between
Sparwood and Hosmer is a high priority for addressing wildlife safety concerns, due to the migratory
paths of large animals and a pilot program is being installed by the Ministry of Transportation and
Infrastructure.
Between 2009 to 2012, water demand increased by four percent, due to system leaks. As a result of
finding and fixing these leaks, Sparwood has achieved a total decrease in gross demand from 2009
of 12%, as of the end of 2014. In the summer months of July and August, water consumption nearly
doubles in the community due to watering of lawns and gardens.
Water conservation initiatives are aimed at using water resources wisely, particularly in the peak
summer months, and at delaying the need for costly infrastructure improvements. Starting in 2012,
Sparwood participated in the Columbia Basin Trust Water Smart Initiative and Ambassador program
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to provide education and incentives for water consumers to reduce water use demands.
The Regional District of East Kootenay operates a transfer station at the south end of Sparwood and
recycling drop-off locations within the community. Acting on opportunities to divert and reduce
waste is a desirable objective for Sparwood and the Regional District.
There are three coal mines within Sparwood's boundary with one being visible from the centre
of the community. The air and water quality are monitored by the mines and regulated by the
Ministry of Environment (Provincial) and Fisheries and Oceans Canada (Federal). Environmental
organizations currently working in Sparwood include Nature Conservancy of Canada, the BC Wildlife
Federation - Region 4E: East Kootenay, Wildsight, Elk River Alliance, and the Sparwood and District
Fish and Wildlife Association.
District's Role
Sparwood covers 17770 hectares which includes a variety of mountains, rivers, woodlands, and
open green spaces.
To support a healthy natural environment Sparwood has implemented:
- A pine beetle forest management and replanting program;
- A reforestation plan for previously unforested areas; and
- A landscape restoration plan for forested areas.
Sparwood is at the confluence of the Elk River and Michel Creek and surrounded by mountain
ridges. These mountains and watercourses are natural environmental features that significantly
shape the physical development of this valley community. It is important to establish policies that
will serve to protect and enhance environmentally sensitive areas; for example, to consider the
potential negative impacts of recreational and other activities on environmentally sensitive areas.
The community recognizes that it must play a role in the stewardship of these natural features in
order to preserve the community's assets for present and future generations.
Numerous programs for water conservation and protection, energy efficiency, and general
sustainability have also been initiated or are being investigated.
Objectives and Policies
WILDLIFE AND HABITAT PROTECTION
Objective 11.1
To protect the natural environment, ecosystems and biological diversity.
Policy 11.1.1
Develop guidelines to mitigate the loss of wetlands, wildlife habitat and
indigenous vegetation areas.
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Policy 11.1.2
Continue to work with the RDEK to manage invasive and noxious weeds.
Objective 11.2
To identify and protect wildlife corridors and wildlife habitat areas from
potentially negative impacts of land development.
Policy 11.2.1
Work with local environmental organizations, RDEK, and relevant provincial and
federal government ministries to establish a Wildlife Corridor Identification and
Protection Strategy for the area.
Policy 11.2.2
Consider the implementation of wildlife programs to reduce conflict between
wildlife and human populations.
Policy 11.2.3
Investigate replacing or retrofitting existing solid waste disposal containers with
wildlife resistant containers.
WATERSHED PROTECTION
Objective 11.3
To protect fish-bearing watercourses from negative impacts.
Policy 11.3.1
Protect environmentally sensitive riparian areas using one or more of the
following measures, depending on which best suits the given situation:
a)
Dedication as a park or trail where the area compliments the goals
and objectives of Sparwood's Parks and Trails Master Plan;
b)
Dedication to a land trust or similar non-government organization for
conservation purposes; and
c)
Covenant for conservation purposes with Sparwood, the Province of
British Columbia, and/or a non-governmental organization(s) eligible
to hold conservation covenants.
Objective 11.4
To maintain and enhance surface and groundwater quality in area
watercourses.
Policy 11.4.1
Partner to support or conduct assessments and inventories of aquatic and
terrestrial ecosystems related for the purposes of updating protection strategies,
restoration programs, and facilitating appropriate land use and servicing
decisions.
Policy 11.4.2
A corridor of land along lakes, rivers, creeks, and tributaries is designated as a
Riparian Protection Development Permit Area - Part III of this OCP. The Riparian
Protection Development Permit Areas are defined in Schedule I.
Policy 11.4.3
Encourage, where appropriate, the use of wetlands for stormwater detention or
retention purposes.
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PROPERTY AND LIFE PROTECTION FROM DEVELOPMENT IN HAZARDOUS AREAS
Objective 11.5
To identify and protect areas subject to hazardous conditions.
Policy 11.5.1
Expand the knowledge base of hazardous conditions that exist in Sparwood as a
means of improving land use and servicing decisions.
Policy 11.5.2
Lands with slopes greater than 15% and subject to avalanche hazard or
are within mapped 1:200 year floodplain areas are designated as Hazard
Development Permit Area, as defined in Schedules J, K, and L. The areas and
guidelines are established to protect real and personal property and life in
hazardous land areas - see Part III of this OCP.
AIR QUALITY PROTECTION
Objective 11.6
To improve air quality.
Policy 11.6.1
Collaborate with RDEK, Elk Valley municipalities and major employers, to address
issues that affect air quality in the Elk Valley.
Policy 11.6.2
Encourage large employers and government agencies with air quality monitoring
data to share this information with the community.
Policy 11.6.3
Investigate educational and outreach programs about proper wood stove use,
including a wood stove exchange program.
WATER CONSERVATION
Objective 11.7
To reduce demand on Sparwood's municipal water infrastructure by
encouraging appropriate water conservation measures.
Policy 11.7.1
Actively promote, coordinate and implement water conservation practices in the
community.
Policy 11.7.2
Continue and complete the program of installing universal water metering as
a means to reduce water consumption and to enable a user-pay approach for
water utility financing.
Policy 11.7.3
Support water conservation across all major water customer sectors through
implementation of conservation measures such as pricing and other financial
incentives, education, and consideration of future regulations.
Policy 11.7.4
Expand upon the Water Smart Initiative, where monitoring results indicate cost-
benefit of water conservation tools and practices and demonstrate leadership
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to property owners by assessing and retrofitting new and existing municipal
buildings to maximize indoor water efficiently.
Policy 11.7.5
Encourage property owners to incorporate xeriscaping or drought resistant
planting concepts into development of landscape plans.
Policy 11.7.6
Demonstrate leadership by developing xeriscape or low water demand
landscaping for District lands and facilities, such as medians, islands, boulevards,
and parks to conserve water, while undertaking proper maintenance and
function.
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
Objective 11.8
To provide adequate solid waste management services for Sparwood
residents.
Policy 11.8.1
Work with RDEK to implement the Regional Solid Waste Management Plan.
Policy 11.8.2
Work with RDEK to develop a program that promotes the benefits of the 5 R's:
Reuse, Reduce, Recycle, Recover and Residual Management.
Policy 11.8.3
Consider the provision of a community composting program.
Objective 11.9
To encourage various forms of recycling as a means to reduce waste produced
in the community, to extend the life of existing regional landfills, and reduce
negative impacts on the environment.
Policy 11.9.1
Work with the RDEK to encourage and promote the existing recycling system and
expand where possible.
Policy 11.9.2
Work with RDEK to encourage and promote provincial recycling initiatives,
including those directed toward the recycling of beverage containers, tires over
630mm in diameter, household batteries, used motor oil, paint, and electronic
wastes, by providing appropriate collection facilities at Sparwood's transfer
station.
Policy 11.9.3
Work with RDEK to determine the feasibility of diverting reusable materials to
reduce waste sent to regional landfills. This process may include a possibility of
granting salvage rights to individuals or organizations.
Policy 11.9.4
Consider the provision of recycling containers alongside publicly provided
waste disposal containers in community parks, recreation centres, and in the
downtown area as a means to encourage recycling and to reinforce Sparwood's
desire to be an environmentally-conscious community.
Land Use Policies
63
REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS
Through the Local Government (Green Communities) Statutes Amendment Act, also known as
Bill 27, local governments are required to include targets, policies, and actions towards reducing
greenhouse gas emissions from their communities in their OCP. In 2012, Sparwood completed a
Community Energy and Emission Plan with actions that are being implemented in areas of building
performance, transportation, and infrastructure.
Objective 11.10
To reduce community greenhouse gas emissions by 2 tonnes per capita from
2007 baseline levels by the year 2020.
Policy 11.10.1
Develop a sustainability checklist for buildings to improve energy efficiency in
new and existing construction.
Policy 11.10.2
Encourage active transportation through infrastructure development and
education.
Policy 11.10.3
Work with BC Transit to support and improve public transit.
Policy 11.10.4
Work with utility companies to promote energy conservation.
Policy 11.10.5
Implement the recommendations contained in the Municipal Energy
Assessments, where feasible and cost-effective.
Policy 11.10.6
Incorporate energy efficient standards into purchase agreements, enforced
through a Section 219 covenant, when selling District lands for development.
Policy 11.10.7
Encourage the continued implementation of LED street lighting, solar pathway
lighting and lighting retrofits in municipal buildings where appropriate.
Policy 11.10.8
Work with major industries to seek opportunities for heat recovery and energy
production.
Policy 11.10.9
Review and implement Sparwood's purchasing policies to include carbon
footprint considerations in the bid tendering process when purchasing products
and services.
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Land Use Policies
65
12.
Sand and Gravel Resource Extraction
GOAL 12
Protect sand and gravel resource extraction areas in the community.
Why is this Important?
The Local Government Act requires that an OCP identify areas of sand and gravel resource
extraction in the community. The BC Ministry of Energy and Mines data shows three sand and gravel
pits and two quarries located nearby in RDEK.
Sparwood Trends
To date, gravel has been taken out of a site south of Hwy 3, the Whiskey Jack area, and across
Highway 43 from Sparwood Heights Drive. No sources of sand and gravel suitable for commercial
extraction have been identified within Sparwood's boundaries. The nearest sand and gravel deposit
is the Sparwood Quarries, located west of Sparwood in the Cummings Creek watershed.
District's Role
Sparwood is responsible for identifying the supply of sand and gravel deposits that can be extracted
in the future.
Objectives and Policies
Objective 12.1
To recognize the approximate location and area of sand and gravel deposits
suitable for future extraction.
Policy 12.1.1
Complete a Sand and Gravel Resources Study to identify future sources of sand
and gravel for the community.
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13.
Temporary Use Permit Area
GOAL 13
Provide flexibility in land use to promote business development and diversification.
Why is this Important?
In accordance with the Local Government Act (Sections 879 and 921), an Official Community Plan
may designate areas where Council may consider allowing temporary uses and may specify general
conditions regarding the issuance of temporary use permits in those areas. Temporary Commercial
and Industrial Use areas may be designated to allow entrepreneurs to capitalize on short-term
development opportunities. All commercial and industrial activities, other than those permitted in
the Zoning Bylaw, shall require a temporary use permit approved by Council.
Objectives and Policies
Objective 13.1
To provide the flexibility necessary to encourage short-term economic
activities.
Objective 13.2
To provide long term and predictable commercial and industrial land use
policies.
Objective 13.3
To maintain a reasonable level of compatibility with surrounding land uses.
Policy 13.3.1
Temporary Use Permits may be considered on all lands within the municipal
boundary.
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Policy 13.3.2
Consideration should be given to environmental protection, post-development
site restoration, noise and nuisance abatement measures, operational hours,
duration of permitted use, traffic management, parking, performance security,
and the establishment of buffers or screening.
Policy 13.3.3
Sparwood may require the applicant for a temporary use permit to provide
security to the municipality in accordance with Sections 922(12) and 925 of the
Local Government Act.
Policy 13.3.4
The temporary commercial or industrial use designation will be removed once
the associated permit has expired.
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Development Permit Areas
69
Development Permit Areas (DPA) are a set of development regulations permitted by the Local
Government Act that affect a specific area, as shown in OCP maps.
The District can regulate DPA's for the following purposes: protection of natural
environments; protection of lands from hazards; revitalization of commercial areas;
establishing objectives for form and character of intensive residential, commercial, and
industrial development, and for establishing objectives to promote energy conservation and
the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.
The guidelines outlined in the following section impose special conditions on future
development permit areas in Sparwood.
Part III:
Development Permit Areas
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Development Permit Areas
71
1. Riparian Protection Development Permit Area
Background
Section 919.1(1)(a) of the Local Government Act allows for the community to designate
development permit areas for the protection of the natural environment and its ecosystems'
biological diversity. Sparwood has designated Riparian Protection Development Permit Areas for
this purpose.
Prohibition
Land within the Riparian Protection Development Permit Area (RPDPA), as depicted on Schedule I,
must not be altered or subdivided, nor shall construction of, addition to or alteration of a building
or other structure be commenced within the RPDPA without first obtaining a Development Permit,
unless exempted.
Justification
The Riparian Protection Development Permit Area is comprised of land and vegetation adjacent
to watercourses such as rivers, creeks, springs, and wetlands and help to maintain healthy aquatic
environments. These sensitive aquatic ecosystems are designated as a Development Permit Area
because of their environmental significance as a habitat for fish and wildlife, their vital function in
natural water storage and flood protection, their increasingly important role in reducing the effects
of climate change and their sensitivity to disturbance by development. The designation of these
lands as a development permit area further supports the Elk Valley Cumulative Effects Management
Framework (CEMF) initiative.
The development permit process will be used to determine how adverse environmental impacts
can, or cannot, be abated using appropriate precautionary measures as part of site and building
design, construction, and long-term maintenance. The Development Permit Area designation is
intended to complement federal and/or provincial acts and regulations.
Objectives
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The objective of the Riparian Protection Development Permit Area is to minimize negative impacts
(disturbance) on riparian areas by:
- Restoring, protecting and enhancing riparian areas to promote a functioning ecosystem;
- Protecting and/or enhancing water quality;
- Preventing the introduction or spread of invasive species;
- Minimizing soil disturbance;
- Protecting the hydrological functions of environmentally sensitive areas; and
- Protecting biological diversity, wildlife and important wildlife habitats, features and functions.
Exemptions
A Riparian Protection Development Permit will not be required when:
1.
A covenant that effectively protects the entire Riparian Protection area from any form
of development is registered under the Land Title Act for the subject property, all the
conditions in the covenant have been met, and the proposed development will not affect
any portion of the Riparian Protection area;
2.
The proposed development is for interior renovations which would not result in any
further encroachment within the Riparian Protection Area.
3.
The only activity being proposed onsite relates to the removal of hazardous and beetle-
attacked timber and a report prepared by a certified forestry professional, registered in
British Columbia and qualified as a Wildlife/Danger Tree Assessor, has been submitted
which concludes the trees are hazardous as determined by the Chief Administrative
Officer or their designate;
4.
The development activity is on Crown Land and involves mining, timber harvesting, forest
road construction, open livestock range, grazing enhancement, forest recreation or other
forest management activity that is conducted under the auspices of the province;
5.
Actions and activities that are necessary in order to prevent immediate threat to life or
property; or
6.
The activity proposed on the site will not impact the Riparian Protection area relates solely
to normal farm practices in accordance with the Farm Practices Protection Act and the
landowner follows other requirements or regulations listed in the Act.
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73
Performance Bonding
Sparwood may require the applicant to submit a cost estimate, prepared by a qualified professional
and accepted by Sparwood, for the rehabilitation and restoration of the Riparian Protection area.
The applicant will provide adequate financial security, as determined by Sparwood, prior to the
issuance of any building approval or site disturbance.
The value of the financial security will be based upon the estimated cost of:
- Rehabilitating and restoring the Riparian Protection area;
- Rehabilitating and restoring the Riparian Protection area, in the event that the Riparian
Protection area is damaged as a consequence of a contravention of a condition contained in
the development permit; and
- Repairing damage caused by construction or site disturbance.
Guidelines
In setting Development Permit (DP) conditions, Sparwood may cite provincial, or federal government
policies, regulations, guidelines and Best Management Practices (BMPs).
The general guidelines for issuing development permits for Riparian Protection are set forth below
and apply only to the Riparian Protection Areas set forth in Figure 9. However, not all guidelines
will apply to all developments. Typically, an assessment report prepared by a Qualified Professional
in the relevant discipline and licensed to practice in British Columbia will be required. Report
recommendations may be used by the designated authority to determine conditions for the
Development Permit.
1.1
Ensure that development activities do not negatively impact the quality of surface water.
1.2
Ensure that land development and associated activities do not impact base flows, natural
drainage patterns, and the natural stream channel geometry.
1.3
Protect natural watercourse function and manage as open streams excepting as may be
authorized by the Province of BC for flood protection.
1.4
Maintain normal riparian processes such as flooding, seasonal drawdown, and
groundwater recharge excepting as may be authorized by the Province of BC for flood
protection.
1.5
Implement measures to prevent spills of oil, grease, and other contaminants from entering
into adjacent watercourses (e.g. oil/grit separators, biofiltration, and siltation ponds).
1.6
Reduce impervious surfaces through use of permeable materials and techniques to
improve absorption (e.g. gravel, pavers, grasscrete, grass field for overflow parking).
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1.7
Manage and minimize opportunities for livestock crossings and access to water.
1.8
Require that runoff is directed to suitable locations (e.g. granular and grass swales that
discharge to open space) if not part of the natural drainage pattern.
1.9
Use constructed wetlands and detention ponds to slow the rate of runoff and improve the
quality of rainwater through biofiltration.
1.10
Retain as much existing vegetation as possible and plant native trees and shrubs to restore
the vegetative mass where clearing is unavoidable.
1.11
In the context of land disturbance, the applicant will ensure the safe collection and
conveyance of onsite drainage such that no downstream or immediately adjacent
properties are adversely affected if natural drainage patterns are altered by such land
disturbance. Such works will also divert drainage away from hazardous condition (e.g.
steep slopes) areas.
RIPARIAN PROTECTION AREAS
1.12
Riparian protection area setback widths are measured perpendicular from the
watercourse according to the following (see Figure 5):
a)
Elk River, creeks and streams - measured from the natural boundary;
b)
Ravines and other stream corridors with steeply pitched banks - measured from
the top of the ravine bank; and
c)
Wetlands and water bodies with gradually sloping shores - measured
perpendicularly from the natural boundary
Development Permit Areas
75
Watercourse
Riparian Protection Setback Distances (metres)
Elk River
30
Michel Creek
30
Alexander Creek
30
Summit Lake
30
Bodie Creek
15
Cummings Creek
15
Erickson Creek
15
Summit Creek
15
Unnamed tributaries
of the Elk River and
Michel Creek
10
ONGOING MAINTENANCE
Works located within the Riparian Protection Areas, will require maintenance (ie. landscaping) for a
period of two years, in areas that have been rehabilitated or restored.
Improvements located in Riparian Protection Areas may require registration of restrictive covenants
to ensure the long-term protection of areas that have been rehabilitated or restored.
MONITORING
A Qualified Professional will be required to provide ongoing monitoring of Development Permit
conditions during the two year maintenance period.
Figure 5:
Minimum Riparian Protection Areas designates distance from the natural boundary.
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2. Hazard Land Development Permit Areas
Background
The Hazard Lands Development Permit Area is designated under Section 919.1(1)(a) of the Local
Government Act allowing for the establishment of objectives and the provision of guidelines for the
protection of development from hazardous conditions.
Prohibition
Land within the Hazard Land Development Permit Area (HLDPA), as depicted on Schedule J, K, and L,
must not be altered or subdivided, nor shall construction of, addition to or alteration of a building or
other structure commence within the HLDPA without first obtaining a Development Permit, unless
exempted.
Properties Affected
All areas designated as Hazard Lands Development Permit Area are illustrated on Schedule J:
Steep Slopes Hazard Lands Development Permit Area Map, Schedule K: Avalanche Hazard Lands
Development Permit Area Map, and Schedule L: Floodplain Hazard Lands Development Permit Area
Map and are known to contain avalanche paths, steep slopes, and the 1:200 year floodplain.
Justification
Sparwood is located in a valley framed by steep slopes known to experience flooding, erosion,
land slips and subsidence, avalanches, and other slope stability hazards. As well, the 1:200 year
floodplain surrounding the Elk River and its tributaries exists within the municipality's boundaries.
Sparwood strives to ensure that the development of land in the community does not result in
damage to personal property or injury to people. Known hazards are documented in the 1994
"Hazard Land Study - Assessment and Management."
Exemptions
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Lands conforming to the regulations contained in the Farm Practices Protection Act, Mines Act, and
Forest Act of BC.
A Hazard Lands Development Permit is not required for reconstruction if a building is damaged or
destroyed to the extent of less than 75% of its value above its foundations, as determined by the
building inspector, and if the structure remains on its existing foundation..
The requirement to obtain a Development Permit before issuance of a Building Permit, Subdivision
Approval, or the alteration of land will not apply in the following instances:
-
Placement of manufactured homes on pad sites approved by a Manufactured Home Park
Permit and where the Flood Control Elevation has been established;
-
Emergency works, including tree cutting, necessary to remove an immediate danger or hazard;
or
-
Minor site clearing necessary for topographic work or similar surveys that aid in site and
servicing planning.
Performance Bonding
In accordance with the Local Government Act, Sparwood may require that the Development Permit
applicant provide security to ensure that conditions respecting landscaping are satisfied, or that
unsafe conditions resulting from a contravention of a condition in the Development Permit are
rectified.
Development Permit Conditions
Sparwood may, in order to achieve satisfaction of the guidelines below, issue a development permit
that:
-
Imposes conditions and requirements with respect to the sequence and timing of
construction;
-
Varies or supplements a bylaw dealing with subdivision servicing requirements or land use
designation requirements. Conditions and requirements may vary use or density of land only
in relation to health, safety or protection of property from damage (See Section 920 (2)(a) of
the Local Government Act); and,
-
Includes requirements and conditions or sets standards for:
a)
Areas of land that may be subject to flooding, mud flows, torrents of debris,
erosion, land slip, rock falls, subsidence, avalanche or wildfire, or to another
specified hazard. These areas may be required to remain free of development,
except in accordance with any conditions contained in the Development Permit;
b)
An area that the Development Permit designates as containing unstable soil
or water that is subject to degradation. In these areas Sparwood can require
that no septic tanks and deposit fields, drainage, irrigation or water systems be
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constructed;
c)
Council may, where a Development Permit is required, request the applicant to
provide development approval information. Development approval information
will be required if the effects of the proposed development in relation to
Development Permit objectives, OCP policies, and other District bylaws
and regulations cannot be fully assessed based on information otherwise
available. Development approval information will be used to assist Sparwood
in determining conditions for requirements to be imposed in the Development
Permit.
Guidelines
The following guidelines may be applied when reviewing Development Permit applications and
setting conditions:
STEEP SLOPES
2.1
Development of lands with a slope in excess of 15% will require a hazard lands
development permit.
2.2
Development will be directed to appropriate areas with slopes averaging less than 20%.
2.3
Where it can be demonstrated, by a Qualified Professional Geotechnical Engineer, that
the proposed development will be sensitively integrated with the natural environment
and will present no hazards to people or property, development may be permitted on land
with a natural slope that averages more than 20%.
2.4
Applicants seeking to pursue developments on slopes in excess of 15% must submit
a report prepared by a Qualified Professional Geotechnical Engineer that provides
information about the anticipated onsite and offsite environmental and geotechnical
impacts associated with the development.
2.5
A Construction Management Plan shall be prepared for any development on land with a
natural slope that averages more than 20%.
2.6
Development on steep slopes should be sensitively integrated with the surrounding lands
so as to minimize visibility from areas that are down slope of the development.
2.7
Retain natural vegetation on sloped areas to reduce the potential for rock falls, erosion
and landslip.
2.8
Align roads and driveways with the natural contour of the land to achieve appropriate
design gradients while minimizing retaining structures and land disturbance.
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2.9
Surface water control in steeper areas may include intermediate surface catchment and
direction to storm water systems, where applicable.
2.10
A Section 219 restrictive covenant may be required by the District at the time of
subdivision stipulating areas that must remain free of development or soil disturbance,
and conditions under which development may take place.
AVALANCHE AREAS
2.11
No development is permitted within areas designated as avalanche areas unless a
study, completed by a Qualified Professional Geotechnical Engineer, with experience in
avalanche risk assessment, can define the limits of an avalanche flow path, including a
definition of dense flow and powder avalanche hazard run-out zones, and can prescribe
applicable development design criteria that will protect life and property.
FLOODPLAIN
2.12
Development of lands within the 1:200 year floodplain requires a Hazard Lands
Development Permit. In the event that development is proposed within the RPDPA as
well, a Riparian Protection Development Permit shall be required as well.
2.13
Refer to the Water Stewardship Branch those applications for development on properties
within the Branch's required floodplain management setback from a watercourse.
2.14
Any river modification, including rechannelling, dyking, damming or shore treatment,
including riprap or any other anti-erosion technique must be approved by the federal and
provincial agencies having jurisdiction.
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3. Form and Character Development Permit Area
Background
The Form and Character Development Permit Area is designated under Section 919.1(1)(f) of the
Local Government Act allowing for the establishment of objectives for the form and character of
multi-family residential, commercial, or industrial development.
Prohibition
Land within the Form and Character Development Permit Area (FCDPA) area must not be subdivided
and construction of, addition to or alteration of a building or other structure must not be started
without first obtaining a Development Permit.
Properties Affected
All areas designated as FCDPA are illustrated on Schedule M: Form and Character Development
Permit Area Map.
Justification
Increasing design expectations from residents require that Design Guidelines with respect to site
layout, building form and character, and landscaping apply to multi-family residential, commercial,
and light industrial development.
Exemptions
The following do not require a development permit:
i.
An addition or alteration to an existing principal building which will not be visible from an
existing or future adjacent public road right-of-way, adjacent park, or adjacent residential
property, provided that the proposal requires no variance(s) from the Zoning Bylaw, and
further, requires no approval from the appropriate provincial ministry or agency;
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81
ii.
Interior renovations; or
iii.
Replacement of a building that has been destroyed by natural causes, in cases where the
replacement building is identical to the original in both form and character.
Performance Bonding
In accordance with the Local Government Act, Sparwood may require that the Development Permit
applicant provide security to ensure that conditions respecting landscaping are satisfied; or that
unsafe conditions resulting from a contravention of a condition in the Development Permit are
rectified.
Guidelines
The following guidelines may be applied when reviewing Development Permit applications and
setting conditions. In addition to the guidelines, proponents are encouraged to follow the Best
Practices for form and character in Appendix 3 when designing their projects.
AUTHENTICITY
3.1
Incorporate building form and character that is distinct to the region's natural mountain
setting;
3.2
Incorporate forms that relate to the region's natural and cultural landscapes.
CONTEXT
3.3
Emulate desirable form and character of nearby buildings;
3.4
Design new multi-storey buildings to transition in height where the OCP land use
designation provides for smaller structures on adjoining lots;
3.5
Allow eclecticism within the streetscape as long as buildings do not visually dominate
neighbouring buildings;
3.6
Design developments with multiple buildings such that there is a sense of architectural
unity or cohesiveness.
RELATIONSHIP TO THE STREET
3.7
Locate buildings to provide an effective street edge while respecting the established,
desired streetscape rhythm;
3.8
Develop visual and physical connections between the public street and private buildings
by maintaining views to and from active interior spaces. This can be accomplished through
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patios, window placement and glazing, awnings, and canopies;
3.9
Design buildings with multiple street frontages and give equal emphasis to each frontage
with respect to building massing, materials, details, and landscaping.
MASSING AND HEIGHT
3.10
Mitigate the actual and perceived bulk of buildings by utilizing appropriate massing,
including:
a)
Architectural elements such as balconies, bay windows, cantilevered floors,
cupolas, dormers;
b)
Visually-interesting rooflines;
c)
Stepped-back upper floors to reduce visual impact.
3.11
Ensure developments are sensitive to and compatible with the massing of the established
and future streetscape;
3.12
Design developments with multiple buildings such that individual buildings are of different
but compatible shapes and masses;
3.13
Design with consideration for the effect of building height on shadowing and views.
3.14
Provide visually prominent, accessible, and recognizable entrances through attention to
location, details, proportions, materials, landscaping, and lighting that act to personalize
or lend identity to a building;
HUMAN SCALE
3.15
Incorporate roof overhangs;
3.16
Incorporate windows within enclosed stairwells to exhibit human scale, reduce their visual
bulk, and enhance safety;
PUBLIC AND PRIVATE OPEN SPACE
3.17
Provide an appropriate transition between public and private open space using
landscaping, gathering places, architectural elements, or varied building lines and
orienting building elements such as entrances, lobbies, windows, and balconies to face
public parks, plazas, and open spaces;
3.18
Design buildings such that snow shedding from the roof does not impact walkways,
entrances, balconies, or parking areas.
PEDESTRIAN ACCESS, PROVISION FOR CYCLISTS, CIRCULATION, VEHICLES AND LOADING
Development Permit Areas
83
3.19
Design vehicular drop-off and pick-up areas so that pedestrians have priority;
3.20
Where possible, locate parking areas towards the rear of buildings, internal to the
building, or below grade;
3.21
Avoid large expanses of parking;
3.22
Ensure vehicular and service access has minimal impact on the streetscape;
3.23
Avoid vehicle access from arterial and collector roads and from those roads with a
prominent streetscape.
ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN AND GREEN BUILDING
3.24
Minimize solar gain through building orientation and facade elements and/or utilize
measures to capitalize on solar exposure such as passive solar water heating, solar mass
wall, or passive solar heating of intake air;
3.25
Minimize exposure to noise and pollution, especially for those projects located along busy
roads;
AMENITIES, ANCILLARY SERVICES, UTILITIES, AND LIGHTING
3.26
Locate loading, garbage, storage, utilities and other ancillary services away from public
view. All such areas should be screened and designed as an integral part of the building
where possible to minimize impact.
3.27
On-site snow storage from parking lot clearing shall be incorporated in the site design.
3.28
Ensure that "light trespass" into adjacent residential areas is minimized.
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Appendices
85
Part IV:
Appendices & Schedules
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Appendices
87
Schedule A: Sparwood OCP Boundary and Context.......................................................................88
Schedule B: Future Land Use Map ........................................................................................................89
Schedule C: Infill / Redevelopment Area.............................................................................................90
Schedule D: Downtown Map...................................................................................................................91
Schedule E: Infrastructure Map - Transportation.............................................................................92
Schedule F: Infrastructure Map - Water Phasing..............................................................................93
Schedule G: Infrastructure Map - Sewer Phasing............................................................................94
Schedule H: Parks and Natural Areas....................................................................................................95
Schedule I: Riparian Protection Development Permit Area..........................................................96
Schedule J: Steep Slopes Hazard Development Permit Area.......................................................97
Schedule K: Avalanche Hazard Development Permit Area...........................................................98
Schedule L: Floodplain Hazard Development Permit Area..........................................................99
Schedule M: Form and Character Development Permit Area....................................................100
Schedule N: Future Capacity Map.........................................................................................................101
Appendix 1: OCP Process & Acknowledgements ..........................................................................102
Appendix 2: Definitions...........................................................................................................................104
Appendix 3: Best Practices for Form and Character......................................................................106
Index of Schedules
Appendices
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Appendices
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Schedule B: Future
Land Use Map
Appendices
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Schedule C: Infill /
Redevelopment Area
Appendices
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Schedule D:
Downtown Map
Appendices
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Appendices
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Schedule F:
Infrastructure Map -
Water Phasing
Appendices
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Appendices
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Schedule H: Parks
and Natural Areas
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Schedule J: Steep
Slopes Hazard
Development Permit
Area
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Schedule L:
Floodplain Hazard
Development Permit
Area
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Added by Bylaw 1357, 2025
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Appendix 1: Acknowledgements
The preparation of this Official Community Plan involved significant contributions by Sparwood's
residents, Planning Committee members, District Council, District staff and other levels of
government. The following people are acknowledged for their contributions to the development of
this OCP.
COUNCIL MEMBERS (2011-2014):
- Mayor Lois Halko,
- Councillor Harold Baytaluke;
- Councillor Sharon Fraser;
- Councillor Andy MacIntyre;
- Councillor Margaret McKie;
- Councillor Ron Saad; and,
- Councillor Joanne Wilton
COUNCIL MEMBERS (2014-2018):
- Mayor Cal McDougall;
- Councillor John Baher;
- Councillor Brad Bowen;
- Councillor Lois Halko;
- Councillor Joe Jarina;
- Councillor Jenna Jensen; and,
- Councillor Margaret McKie;
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MEMBERS OF OCP PLANNING TEAM:
-
Tracey Brook-Baker;
-
Jenna Jensen;
-
Tracy Kaisner;
-
Tammie Davy;
-
Cal McDougall;
-
Nicole Palone;
-
Councillor Andy MacIntyre;
-
Councillor Joanne Wilton; and,
-
Mayor Lois Halko.
DISTRICT ADMINISTRATION AND STAFF:
-
Terry Melcer, Chief Administrative Officer;
-
Nelson Wight, Manager of Planning;
-
Jessica Wheeler, Planning Assistant;
-
Christopher Evan Jones, Planning Assistant;
-
Raeleen Manjak, Director of Corporate Services;
-
Danny Dwyer, Director of Engineering / Subdivision Approving Officer;
-
Mel Bohmer, Director of Operations;
-
James Jones, Director of Fire Services;
-
Duane Lawrence, Director of Community and Facility Services;
-
Barbara Nunes, Director of Finance;
-
Louise Kaiser, Deputy Director of Finance; and,
-
Jude Smith, Business Development Liason.
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Appendix 2: Definitions
Accessibility: Means that a person with disabilities is, without assistance, able to approach, enter,
pass to and from, and make use of an area and its facilities.
Natural Boundary (as per the Land Act): means the visible high water mark of any lake, river,
stream or other body of water where the presence and action of the water are so common and
usual, and so long continued in all ordinary years, as to mark on the soil of the bed of the body of
water a character distinct from that of its banks, in vegetation, as well as in the nature of the soil
itself;
Watercourse: Any natural or man-made depression with well-defined banks and a bed 0.6 metres or
more below the surrounding land serving to give direction to a current of water at least six month of
the year or having a drainage area of two square kilometres or more or as required by a designated
official of the Ministry of the Environment of the Province of British Columbia
Qualified Environmental Professional: A registered professional, acting alone or together with
another registered professional, if:
1.
The individual is registered and in good standing in British Columbia with an appropriate
professional organization constituted under an Act, acting under that association's code of
ethics and subject to disciplinary action by that association;
2.
The individual's area of expertise is recognized by the District of Sparwood as one that is
acceptable for the purpose of providing all or part of an assessment report in respect of
that development proposal; and,
3.
The individual is acting within that individual's area of expertise.
Qualified Professional: A professional with appropriate education, training and experience, fully
insured and in good standing with the relevant professional association, and means:
1.
For the purpose of the flood and slope hazard assessments (Riparian DPA and Hazard
Lands DPA), a specialist Professional Engineer or Professional Geoscientist, as appropriate,
with experience or training in geotechnical and geohazard assessments, river hydraulics
and hydrology and, where appropriate, debris flow processes experience or training and/
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or structural engineering expertise in connection with mitigation works.
Ravine: A narrow, steep-sided valley commonly, but not always, eroded by running water and that
has a slope grade greater than 3:1
Visitability: Refers to new homes that offer three specific accessibility features that allow a person
with mobility limitations, including wheelchair users, to visit the home: 1) at least one zero-step
entrance on an accessible route leading from a driveway or public sidewalk; 2) all interior doors
providing at least 31 3⁄4 inches (81 cm) of unobstructed passage space; and 3) at least a half
bathroom on the main floor.
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Appendix 3: Best Practices for Form and Character
RELATIONSHIP TO THE STREET
1.
For commercial and light industrial sites, develop visual and physical connections between
the public street and private buildings by maintaining views to and from active interior
spaces. This can be accomplished through patios, window placement and glazing,
awnings, and canopies.
HUMAN SCALE
2.
Design for human scale and visual interest in all building elevations. This can be achieved
principally by giving emphasis to doors and windows and other signs of human habitation
relative to walls and building structure;
3.
Articulate facades by means of indentations and projections of elements such as windows
and doors, cornice lines, pilasters, balconies, and other detailing;
4.
Design building facades with a balance of vertical and horizontal proportions using vertical
elements at regular intervals to strengthen the pedestrian-scale of otherwise horizontal
buildings.
EXTERIOR ELEVATIONS AND MATERIALS
5.
Exterior building materials should be selected for their functional and aesthetic
quality, and should exhibit qualities of workmanship, durability, longevity and ease of
maintenance;
6.
Provide visually prominent, accessible, and recognizable entrances through attention to
location, details, proportions, materials, landscaping, and lighting that act to personalize
or lend identity to a building;
7.
Continue higher quality materials used on the principal façade around any building corner
or edge which is visible to the public;
8.
Use materials in combination to create contrast, enhance human scale, and reduce the
apparent bulk of a building;
9.
Colour should not be used as the predominant feature of a building.
PUBLIC AND PRIVATE OPEN SPACE
10.
Design varied and interesting public open space to promote social interaction, ensure
continuity of pedestrian movement through the site, and accommodate a range of uses
and activities year-round;
11.
Orient public and private open spaces to take advantage of sunlight with the provision of
shade and protection from wind and other climatic elements;
12.
Provide an appropriate transition between public and private open space using
landscaping, gathering places, architectural elements, or varied building lines and
orienting building elements such as entrances, lobbies, windows, and balconies to face
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public parks, plazas, and open spaces;
13.
Provide amenities such as benches, garbage receptacles, bicycle stands, and bollards;
14.
Design commercial and light industrial developments to include outdoor break areas,
green space, bicycle racks, skylights and windows in work areas, and linkages to
recreational opportunities;
15.
Design buildings such that snow shedding from the roof does not impact walkways,
entrances, balconies, or parking areas.
PEDESTRIAN ACCESS, PROVISION FOR CYCLISTS, CIRCULATION, VEHICLES AND LOADING
16.
Prioritize the safe and convenient movement of pedestrians above all other modes of
transportation in the downtown and other areas where appropriate;
17.
Promote the use of alternative modes of transportation in site design by including
prominent bicycle racks for convenience and security, and orienting building entrances to
pedestrian areas;
18.
Provide an identifiable and well-lit pathway to the front entrance of every building from all
adjoining public sidewalks and all on-site parking areas;
19.
Ensure pedestrian circulation is convenient, safe, and clearly identifiable to drivers and
pedestrians;
20.
Where possible, locate parking areas to the rear of buildings, internal to the building, or
below grade;
21.
Avoid large expanses of parking.
DECKS, BALCONIES, ROOFTOPS, AND COMMON OUTDOOR AMENITY SPACE
22.
Incorporate decks, balconies and common outdoor amenity spaces into developments;
23.
Provide elements such as constructed planters, gazebos, trellises, pergolas, and other
forms of hard and soft landscaping, including opportunities for urban agriculture, to
enhance the usability of decks, balconies, and outdoor amenity spaces;
24.
Integrate vents, mechanical rooms and equipment, and elevator penthouses with the
architectural treatment of the roof, and/or screen these elements with materials and
finishes compatible with the building's design.
25.
Locate loading, garbage, storage, utilities and other ancillary services away from public
view. All such areas should be screened and designed as an integral part of the building
where possible to minimize impact.
LANDSCAPE DEVELOPMENT AND IRRIGATION WATER CONSERVATION
26.
Use landscape vegetation to reinforce building geometries, provide spatial definition,
screen unwanted views, address human comfort and provide accent and focal points and
other aesthetic benefits, where appropriate;
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27.
Use landscape elements such as benches and bollards to provide seating and visual cues
for pedestrian/vehicular circulation;
28.
Provide fences and retaining walls designed with visual interest and human scale in mind.
Examples could include high quality fencing, stone, rock walls, or punctuated at regular
intervals with vertical elements such as piers or vegetation;
UNIVERSAL ACCESSIBLE DESIGN
29.
Design to a high standard of accessible and adaptable design with the goal of
accommodating the functional needs of all individuals including children, adults, and
seniors, and those with visual, mobility or cognitive challenges;
30.
Access for persons with disabilities should be appropriately designed and clearly visible
from the principal entrance;
31.
Access ramps and related elements should be visually integrated with the overall building
design and site plan so as to not appear as an unintegrated add-on to a building façade;
32.
Site layout, services and amenities should be easy to comprehend and navigate through
the use of such things as strong contrast of colours, corner dots, paving treatments,
bollards, and tactile strips around obstacles.
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LIGHTING
33.
Design lighting to enhance public safety (see Crime Prevention Through Environmental
Design Guidelines) and not to draw attention to a development;
34.
Consider lighting a key element in façade design and plan early for it, with consideration
to the effect on the façade and on neighbouring buildings and open spaces;
35.
Provide pathway lighting at a human scale such as using light standards of appropriate
height for pedestrians. Pedestrian lights should address pedestrian safety, be vandal proof,
and easy/inexpensive to maintain;
36.
Provide exterior street lighting that follows the International Dark Sky Model code in order
to limit light pollution and save energy.
SIGNS
37.
Integrate signage that contributes to the overall quality and unique character of a
development through such things as similar proportions, materials, and colour;
38.
Do not compromise the scale and visual qualities of a building with the size and number of
signs;
39.
Locate, size, and format signs such that they can be easily read by pedestrians.
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