Official Community Plan Bylaw No. 2429, 2025

Williams Lake, British Columbia · adopted 2025-12-16

This is the exact embedded text of the captured official document. Snapshot 88aa8621635c · verified 2026-08-23 · original document · archived snapshot · unofficial consolidation, the official version is held by the municipal clerk.

OFFICIAL COMMUNITY PLAN BYLAW NO. 2429 City of Williams Lake | December 2025 CITY OF WILLIAMS LAKE BYLAW NO. 2429 BEING A BYLAW OF THE CITY OF WILLIAMS LAKE TO ADOPT AN OFFICIAL COMMUNITY PLAN FOR THE MUNICIPALITY. WHEREAS the Council of the City of Williams Lake wishes to adopt a new official community plan, by bylaw; AND WHEREAS Council has considered providing consultation opportunities in accordance with Section 475 of the Local Government Act, and has provided the opportunities it considers appropriate; AND WHEREAS Council has, in the course of preparing the new official community plan, consulted with the boards of education for those school districts included within the area covered by the official community plan, pursuant to Section 476 of the Local Government Act; AND WHEREAS after first reading of the bylaw Council considered the official community plan in conjunction with its most recent financial plan and any waste management plans, and referred the official community plan to the Provincial Agricultural Land Commission for comment; AND WHEREAS before third reading Council held a public hearing on the proposed official community plan; NOW THEREFORE the Council of the City of Williams Lake, in open meeting assembled, hereby enacts as follows: Title: 1. That this Bylaw shall be cited as "City of Williams Lake Official Community Plan Bylaw No. 2429, 2025". Repeals: 2. That "Creating Our Future - The City of Williams Lake Official Community Plan Bylaw No. 2140, 2011" and all amendments thereto are hereby repealed. Schedules: 3. That the "Williams Lake 2050, Planning the Future Together - Official Community Plan", attached hereto as Schedule "A" and forming an integral part of this Bylaw, is hereby adopted as the official community plan of the City of Williams Lake. Bylaw No. 2430 Page 2 Severability: 4. If any statement, section, sub-section, clause, sub-clause or phrase of this bylaw or the official community plan adopted by this bylaw is for any reason held to be invalid by a decision of a court of competent jurisdiction, the decision shall not affect the validity of the remaining portions of the bylaw and official community plan. Adoption: 5. That this Bylaw shall come into force and take effect upon the date of final adoption by the Council of the City of Williams Lake. READ A FIRST TIME THIS 2nd DAY OF December , 2025 READ A SECOND TIME THIS 2nd DAY OF December , 2025 ADVERTISED THESE 11th & 18th DAYS OF December , 2025 A PUBLIC HEARING HELD ON 16th DAY OF December , 2025 READ A THIRD TIME THIS 16th DAY OF December , 2025 RECONSIDERED AND ADOPTED THIS 16th DAY OF December , 2025 _________________________________ MAYOR __________________________________ CORPORATE OFFICER *original signed by *original signed by OFFICIAL COMMUNITY PLAN City of Williams Lake | December 2025 I, ROSS COUPÉ, CORPORATE OFFICER FOR THE CITY OF WILLIAMS LAKE, DO HEREBY CERTIFY THIS TO BE SCHEDULE "A" TO BYLAW NO. 2429 OF THE CITY OF WILLIAMS LAKE. ___________________________________________ CORPORATE OFFICER *original signed by City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Pl City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan Table of Contents INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................... 1 ENGAGEMENT PROCESS ............................................................................................. 17 VISION + GUIDING PRINCIPLES ................................................................................... 20 4. LAND USE PLANNING + DEVELOPMENT ........................................................... 22 Objectives + Policies ............................................................................................................. 29 5. HOUSING ............................................... ................................................. 50 Objectives + Policies ............................................................................................................. 54 6. ECONOMY + JOBS ............................................................................................ 57 Objectives + Policies ............................................................................................................. 62 7. HERITAGE, ARCHAEOLOGY, + CULTURE .......................................................... 67 Objectives + Policies ............................................................................................................. 72 8. SOCIAL WELL-BEING + INCLUSION .................................................................. 76 Objectives + Policies ............................................................................................................. 78 9. PARKS + RECREATION ....................................................................................... 83 Objectives + Policies ............................................................................................................. 91 10. ECOSYSTEM PROTECTION + CLIMATE ACTION ................................................ 96 Objectives + Policies ........................................................................................................... 102 11. NATURAL HAZARDS ......................................................................................... 106 Objectives + Policies ........................................................................................................... 111 12. TRANSPORTATION ........................................................................................... 115 Objectives + Policies ........................................................................................................... 116 13. MUNICIPAL SERVICES, INFRASTRUCTURE, + EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT .. 124 Objectives + Policies ........................................................................................................... 130 14. IMPLEMENTATION + MONITORING ................................................................. 137 Objectives + Policies ........................................................................................................... 138 City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan SCHEDULE 1 LAND USE DESIGNATIONS MAP ................................................... 141 SCHEDULE 2 DEVELOPMENT PERMIT AREAS ..................................................... 142 SCHEDULE 2.1 DPA 1: DOWNTOWN AND MIXED-USE ........................................ 144 SCHEDULE 2.2 DPA 2: MULTI-UNIT RESIDENTIAL .................................................. 153 SCHEDULE 2.3 DPA 3: COMMERCIAL AND LIGHT INDUSTRIAL CORRIDOR ....... 160 SCHEDULE 2.4 DPA 4: STEEP SLOPES, LANDSLIDE, + ESCARPMENT HAZARDS .... 167 SCHEDULE 2.5 DPA 5: WILDFIRE HAZARD ............................................................ 173 SCHEDULE 3 AGRICULTURAL LAND RESERVE MAP ........................................... 179 SCHEDULE 4 MAJOR ROAD NETWORK MAP .................................................... 180 SCHEDULE 5 ACTIVE TRANSPORTATION NETWORK MAP ................................. 181 SCHEDULE 6 POTABLE WATER SYSTEM MAP ..................................................... 182 SCHEDULE 7 STORMWATER NETWORK MAP ..................................................... 183 SCHEDULE 8 SANITARY SEWER MAP ................................................................. 184 SCHEDULE 9 TEMPORARY USE PERMITS ............................................................ 185 SCHEDULE 10 DEVELOPMENT APPROVAL INFORMATION ................................. 187 SCHEDULE 11 FIRE + DROUGHT RESISTANT PLANT LIST ....................................... 189 One of the many spectacular views of Williams Lake. © Eco Tours BC City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 1 Introduction Purpose of an Official Community Plan Municipalities in British Columbia are obligated under the Local Government Act (LGA) to adopt an Official Community Plan (OCP). The LGA stipulates the mandatory and discretionary elements of an OCP, as well as the procedural requirements that must be fulfilled prior to its adoption. The City of Williams Lake Official Community Plan has been prepared in full accordance with the provisions of the LGA. In broad terms, an OCP serves as a long-term vision and physical framework for guiding the future development of a community. This OCP outlines a planning horizon of 25-years; however, it will be reviewed and updated every five years in accordance with the Local Government Act. Regular updates help maintain alignment with the community's vision and respond to evolving conditions. This OCP applies to all lands within the municipal boundaries of the City of Williams Lake, as illustrated and designated on the Schedule 1: Land Use Designation Map. While land use plans and policies are central to an OCP, the document also outlines the community's broader objectives across a range of policy areas. An OCP integrates land use planning with objectives related to social, cultural, economic, and environmental sustainability. It establishes a strategic framework to guide growth and development while protecting and enhancing community liveability. This OCP reflects the ideas and input gathered throughout the planning process. Contributions were received from residents, businesses, community organizations, First Nations, senior levels of government, and City of Williams Lake staff and Council. KEY POLICY AREAS The OCP addresses a wide array of topics, including: - Economic development; - Environmental protection + natural hazards; - Heritage + culture; - Infrastructure + emergency management planning; - Land use, building form + design guidelines; - Present + future housing needs; - Parks, trails, + open spaces; - Social well-being + inclusion; and - Transportation networks. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 2 POLICY IMPLEMENTATION Given that conditions evolve, new challenges and opportunities arise, and resources are limited, the Local Government Act does not obligate municipalities to implement every policy outlined in an OCP. However, any bylaws enacted or projects initiated by Council following the adoption of the OCP must be consistent with its overarching direction and intent. HOUSING NEEDS REPORT REQUIREMENTS Since 2019, local governments in British Columbia have been legally required to prepare a Housing Needs Report (HNR) every five years; this process includes estimating the number of additional housing units required over five- and 20-year periods. MANDATORY OFFICIAL COMMUNITY PLAN UPDATES In 2023, the Province of BC introduced new legislation requiring every municipality to update its OCP(s) every five years to incorporate findings from housing needs report to ensure that OCPs remain responsive to the projected housing needs of the community. CHANGES TO THE PUBLIC HEARING PROCESS A further legislative change prohibits municipalities from holding public hearings during rezoning processes for residential developments that align with the OCP. As a result, meaningful public engagement during the development of the OCP itself has become even more critical, ensuring residents have the opportunity to help shape the future of their community over the next 25 years. Photo gallery at City Hall featuring photography by community residents. © City of Williams Lake City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 3 Reconciliation: Legislative Context Truth + Reconciliation Commission Calls to Action The Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada (TRC) was established in 2008 through the Indian Residential School Settlement Agreement to listen to survivors, their families, and communities, and educate Canadians about the legacy of residential schools. In 2015, the TRC published Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada: Calls to Action to address this legacy and advance reconciliation. - TRC Calls to Action #57: "We call upon federal, provincial, territorial, and municipal governments to provide education to public servants on the history of Aboriginal Peoples, including the history and legacy of residential schools, the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, Treaties and Aboriginal rights, Indigenous law, and Aboriginal-Crown relations. This will require skills-based training in intercultural competency, conflict resolution, human rights, and anti-racism."1 The Commission calls upon federal, provincial, territorial, and municipal governments to adopt the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP) as the framework for reconciliation and implement it within their jurisdictions. United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples INDIGENOUS RIGHTS + MUNICIPAL RESPONSIBILITIES The United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP) was adopted by the United Nations in 2007 as a legally non-binding resolution. In 2021, the Government of Canada enacted UNDRIP into federal law and released the UNDRIP Action Plan (UNDA), which outlines 181 priority actions2 the federal government will undertake to advance Indigenous rights. UNDRIP is structured around four core pillars3 of Indigenous rights: 1. The Right to Self-Determination; 2. The Right to be Recognized as Distinct Peoples; 3. The Right to Free, Prior, and Informed Consent; and 4. The Right to be Free from Discrimination. 1. Government of Canada, Crown-Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada, "Professional development and training for public servants" (2018). Webpage. 2. Government of Canada, Department of Justice. "United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples Act Action Plan" (2023). 3. Federation of Canadian Municipalities. "The United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples: A Guide for Municipalities" (2024). City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 4 In British Columbia, the provincial government passed the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples Act (DRIPA) in 2019. As part of its implementation, the Declaration Act Action Plan 2022-2027 was introduced, establishing specific obligations for provincial ministries - including the Ministry of Municipal Affairs - related to Indigenous self- determination, cultural and social well-being, addressing systemic discrimination and inequality, and recognizing the inherent rights and title of Indigenous Peoples. 4 Municipal governments also have responsibilities in advancing reconciliation, including aligning with the Truth and Reconciliation Commission's Calls to Action, UNDRIP, the federal UNDRIP Action Plan (UNDA), and DRIPA5. Municipalities operate on traditional Indigenous territories and often benefit from the use of Indigenous lands and resources, both past and present. As such, municipal decisions and policies can have significant implications for the rights outlined in UNDRIP. MUNICIPAL RESPONSIBILITIES + ALIGNMENT WITH UNDRIP Municipal governments hold a wide range of responsibilities, including land use planning and development, public safety, community services, and more. Within these areas, municipalities have the opportunity to align their planning, policies, and service delivery with Indigenous rights and the obligations set out in UNDRIP. In support of this alignment, municipalities may consider the following strategic actions: - Policy + Plan Review: Conduct comprehensive reviews of municipal policies and departmental plans to ensure consistency with the principles and goals of UNDRIP; - Meaningful Engagement: Engage with Indigenous rights-holders whose traditional and treaty territories overlap with municipal boundaries, as well as with Indigenous individuals and communities residing within the municipality. This may include forming partnerships through advisory committees, working groups, task forces, or other structures that ensure Indigenous representation and input; and - Accountability + Monitoring: Establish mechanisms for monitoring, reporting, and evaluating progress on UNDRIP implementation, including the development of clear accountability frameworks and performance indicators. 4. Government of British Columbia. "Declaration on the Right of Indigenous Peoples Act Action Plan: 2022 to 2027" (2022). 5. Federation of Canadian Municipalities. "The United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples: A Guide for Municipalities" (2024). City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 5 The City of Williams Lake Council 2022-26 Strategic Plan highlights a focus on Indigenous Relations and commits to establishing a framework in accordance with UNDRIP. City of Williams Lake staff and Council commit to training and professional development participation annually in accordance with UNDRIP. Williams Lake History + Context Williams Lake is situated in the Cariboo Chilcotin region of central British Columbia, located on the traditional territory of the T'exelcemc Peoples (Williams Lake First Nation), part of the Secwepemc Nation. T'exelcemc Peoples have lived in this area for millennia, maintaining vibrant communities and rich cultural traditions. The site where the City now stands was once two villages, one at the foot of the lake and the other where Glendale is now located. In the early 1800s, European fur traders arrived in the region, using two Indigenous trails that crossed at what is now Williams Lake. These trails became key routes for the fur brigades. In 1840, Roman Catholic Bishop Modeste Demers visited the village of Chief William, located in what is now Glendale, and built a chapel there. During this visit, the area began to be referred to as "William's Lake." With the discovery of gold in the Cariboo in the late 1850s, the established trails evolved into major travel corridors for prospectors and merchants. As the gold rush grew, Williams Lake became a natural stopping point for those heading toward the goldfields. By 1860, the area experienced a significant influx of miners, and by 1861, it had become a central hub for the Cariboo gold rush. 20TH CENTURY In 1919, the arrival of the Pacific Great Eastern Railway sparked significant growth in Williams Lake. A site was surveyed, and the settlement of Borland was renamed Williams Lake. The railway greatly benefited the local cattle industry, turning Williams Lake into a major supply depot for ranchers. The community was incorporated as a village in 1929. By the early 1950s, the region was home to about 150 portable sawmills. The modernization of logging equipment, the introduction of diesel trucks, and the implementation of annual allowable cuts allowed for the establishment of permanent sawmills in Williams Lake, contributing to substantial growth. In 1965, Williams Lake City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 6 achieved town status, and by 1981, it became a city, fueled by the economic boom from the opening of the Gibraltar Mine in the 1970s. Between 1971 and 1976, Williams Lake experienced rapid growth, with its population increasing by 48%, making it one of the fastest-growing communities in the region. However, in recent years, growth has slowed, with a modest population increase of 0.7% between 1991 and 1996, and a slight decrease of 0.7% between 1996 and 2001. Nevertheless, the city's population increased significantly, growing by 11.1% from 1991 to 1996 and 0.5% from 1996 to 2001. Between 2001 and 2006, there was a decrease of 3.6%; however, the population of Williams Lake has since increased by 1.8% as of 2021. Williams Lake has a diversified economy, with key sectors including cattle ranching, forestry, wood manufacturing, mining, tourism, the service industry, and government services. Forestry remains the dominant industry, with a wide variety of associated businesses, including logging contractors, wood manufacturers, value-added facilities, log home builders, equipment sales and repairs, industrial suppliers, and welding and machining contractors. Williams Lake is home to the annual Williams Lake Stampede, which takes place over the Canada Day long weekend. The city is also the hometown of Rick Hansen, the Canadian paraplegic athlete and advocate for individuals with spinal cord injuries, who is best known for his global fundraising Man in Motion world tour. Williams Lake is home to Phyllis Webstad, founder of the Orange Shirt Society; Phyllis is Northern Secwpemc (Shuswap) from Stswecem'c Xgat'tem First Nation (Canoe Creek Band) and attended St. Joseph's Mission Residential School. Phyllis shared her story in May 2013 at the unveiling of a monument at the old school site and at Boitanio Park in Williams Lake; the event was part of the Commemoration Project, made possible by Kukpi7 Fred Robbins of Esk'etemc. Orange Shirt Day, started in 2013 and observed across Canada and beyond, focuses on commemorating the residential school experience, witnessing and honouring the healing journey of the survivors and their families, and illustrating a collective commitment to ensure that Every Child Matters. The initiative calls for every Canadian to wear an orange shirt on September 30 in the spirit of healing and reconciliation; she was instrumental in establishing the National Day for Truth and Reconciliation in 2021. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 7 Regional Importance As the primary centre in the Cariboo Chilcotin region, Williams Lake serves as a hub for transportation, trade, finance, education, healthcare, tourism, and administrative services. Williams Lake is a regional hub for 15 First Nations across three Nations as many residents from surrounding communities commute to Williams Lake daily to access these services or for employment. As a result, the City's market area spans approximately 12,500 square kilometres and includes a population of approximately 25,000 people. CARIBOO REGIONAL DISTRICT The City of Williams Lake is situated within the Cariboo Regional District (CRD), which spans 80,252 square kilometres of land. Established in 1968, the CRD includes 12 electoral areas and four incorporated municipalities: Quesnel, Williams Lake, 100 Mile House, and Wells. The region lies within the traditional territories of the Dakelh, Secwépemc, and Tŝilhqot'in peoples. The Regional District operates local libraries, including one in Williams Lake, and owns the Cariboo Memorial Complex. Additionally, the CRD manages Solid Waste Services for the entire region, overseeing two landfill sites (Frizzi Road and Gibraltar Mine) and several transfer stations. Williams Lake has an agreement with the Regional District to utilize these landfill sites and the Frizzi Road transfer station, contributing a percentage of the operating costs. Williams Lake First Nation HISTORY + CONTEXT Williams Lake First Nation (WILLIAMS LAKE FIRST NATION) and the T'exelcemc peoples' history extend for over 6,500 years.6 Today, WILLIAMS LAKE FIRST NATION has a growing community of more than 1,000 members living both on and off reserve and is a member of the Northern Secwepemc te Qelmucw (NStQ). WILLIAMS LAKE FIRST NATION and other Secwepemc Nations have lived in the region since time immemorial, occupying Secwepemcul'ecw. They established temporary camps and villages in spring, summer, and fall, centered around a permanent winter village. Their movements spanned vast areas, including key hunting, fishing, harvesting, ceremonial, and trading sites. One significant winter village was located at the west end of present-day Williams Lake.7 6. Williams Lake First Nation. "About Wiliams Lake First Nation - History" (2025). Webpage. 7. Ibid. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 8 Village Claim When settlers first made contact in the 19th century, both the city and the lake were named after Chief William. In June 1861, the colonial government ordered that an Indian Reserve be established on the Village Lands; however, this order was never implemented, and the lands were not protected for Williams Lake First Nation. By November 1861, settlers had taken possession of the Village Lands, driving the Indigenous Peoples out. The displaced community sought refuge in the San Jose River Valley. When British Columbia joined Confederation in 1871, the Government of Canada assumed responsibility for Indigenous Peoples and reserves. Chief William advocated for the protection of the Village Lands, but his request was denied, as it would have interfered with the settlers who had already established themselves on the lands. Chief Willie Sellars dipnetting with Williams Lake First Nation youth Williams Lake First Nation Powwow © Williams Lake First Nation City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 9 Figure 1: Historical Timeline © Williams Lake First Nation City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 10 In 2018, Williams Lake First Nation (WLFN) won a case in the Supreme Court of Canada, which confirmed Canada had violated its legal obligations by failing to protect the Village Lands in accordance with colonial law. Williams Lake First Nation accepted the proposed settlement and established the Williams Lake First Nation Community Trust, which works to serve the best interests of the community, including its current, past, and future members. 8 Currently in Stage 5 of the British Columbia Treaty Commission (BCTC) Treaty Process, Wiliams Lake First Nation is transitioning away from governance under the Indian Act. The Nation has developed its own governance structures, including a Membership Code (1991) and Custom Election Code (2007). Williams Lake First Nation is now governed by the Williams Lake First Nation Land Management Code (2016) and the Williams Lake First Nation Financial Administration Law (2018). Since 2008, Williams Lake First Nation has also maintained International Organization for Standardization (ISO) certification. The Nation is focused on expanding and delivering comprehensive services to both its members and the broader community. 9 St. Joseph's Mission Residential School St. Joseph's Mission (SJM) Residential School and Onward Ranch located just a few kilometres from Williams Lake First Nation's T'exelc (Sugar Cane) community, operated from 1886 to 1981. Thousands of Indigenous children were forcibly enrolled as part of Canada's residential school system. In 2021, Williams Lake First Nation initiated an investigation into the disappeared and deceased Indigenous children who attended SJM. This investigation involves geophysical 8. Wiliams Lake First Nation. "Wiliams Lake First Nation Village Claim Information Package" (2022). Webpage. 9. Williams Lake First Nation. "About Wiliams Lake First Nation" (2025). Webpage. I am an Indian Chief and my people are threatened by starvation. The white men have taken all the land and all the fish. A vast country was ours. It is all gone. - excerpt from Chief William's 1879 statement on the impact from settlers City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 11 search techniques such as Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR), survivor interviews, and archival research. Over four phases of research, over 150 reflections in the GPR were identified that indicate the potential presence of unmarked graves. In 2023, Williams Lake First Nation acquired a portion of the former SJM grounds, with the goal of transforming it into a space for reflection, preservation, remembrance, truth-telling, and public education.10 Northern Secwépemc te Qelmúcw The Northern Secwépemc te Qelmúcw (NStQ), originally formed as the Cariboo Tribal Council in 1971 and later renamed the Northern Shuswap Tribal Council (NSTC) in 2006, is composed of four communities: Williams Lake First Nation (WLFN), Xatśūll First Nation (XFN), Stswecem'c Xget'tem First Nation (SXFN), and Tsq'escen First Nation (TFN). NStQ provides advisory services to its member communities and works collaboratively on issues of mutual interest. NStQ is currently in Stage Five of the British Columbia Treaty process, negotiating Self- Governance. An Agreement in Principle was reached in 2019, and the Final Agreement will fully settle aboriginal rights and title.11 Three NStQ communities have formed a regional government through the Northern Shuswap Tribal Council, which also houses the Northern Shuswap Treaty Society. Both organizations are governed by a Board of Directors comprised of NStQ chiefs. A fifth level of government will be created and shared by all four NStQ communities, with authority over areas of mutual interest, enabling collaboration for cost savings and enhanced political influence at the provincial and national levels. 12 10. Williams Lake First Nation. "About Wiliams Lake First Nation" (2025). Webpage. 11. Northern Secwepemc te Qelmucw. "The BC Treaty Process" (2025). Webpage. 12. Northern Secwepemc te Qelmucw. "Governance" (2025). Webpage. The award-winning documentary Sugarcane premiered at the 2024 Sundance Film Festival, highlighting the ongoing investigation at St. Joseph's Mission Residential School. Since its release, the film has won multiple awards and was nominated for Best Documentary Feature at the 2025 Academy Awards. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 12 Currently, NStQ manages several areas, including Victim Services, Skills Development, Fisheries, Natural Resources, Indian Registry, Child and Family Jurisdiction Transition, and Treaty Negotiations. The organization also supports the communities in building governance structures, managing Human Resources, and providing training and capacity development for the NStQ member Nations' staff, councils, and members. Regional + Urban Indigenous Context Williams Lake is a hub for business, education and health services for neighbouring First Nations. While there are many different First Nation communities represented in Williams Lake, the city sits entirely on the territory of the Williams Lake First Nation. The City also recognizes territory overlap with Xat'súll First Nation on the airport lands. Uniquely positioned, Williams Lake has four directions of community members who participate in programs, services and activities. To the West of Williams Lake along Highway 20 the Tsilhqot'in people have several established communities under the historic self-governance agreement of the Tsilhqot'in National Government (TNG). Established in 1989, the TNG represents six Tŝilhqot'in communities: Tl'etinqox (Anaham), Tŝideldel (Redstone), Yuneŝit'in (Stone), Xeni Gwet'in (Nemiah), ʔEsdilagh (Alexandria), and Tl'esqox (Toosey). Following along Hwy 20 to the Coast is the traditional unceded lands of the Nuxalk Nation in the Bella Coola Valley. To the north, the Cariboo Region is home to the Lhoosk'kuz Dene Nation, Lhatako Dene Nation, Ndazkoh/Nazko First Nation, and Ulkatcho Dakelh Dene Nation. The Tsq'escenemc have lands in the South Cariboo found around Canim Lake and have Indian Reserve (IR) land along the shores of Lac La Hache, and Christopher Lake13. Understanding the regional context and the ways Indigenous peoples access services in Williams Lake can support more inclusive and equitable policies and provide opportunities to align policies and planning with the United Nations Declaration of the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP), and the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada: Calls to Action. In 2021, there were 1,090,240 Indigenous people living in urban areas across Canada (Census Metropolitan Area (CMA) and Census Agglomeration (CA)), reflecting an 11.5% increase since 2016. 14 The 2021 Census reported 2,615 Indigenous people residing in the City of Williams Lake, comprising 24.4% of the population. Williams Lake acts as a central hub for commerce, education, and services, supporting both on- and off-reserve Indigenous populations from the 13 Cariboo Regional District (2025). Webpage. 14. Statistics Canada. "Census of Population" (2021) and "Guide to the Census of Population" (2021). City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 13 Chilcotin and Cariboo regions. Many Indigenous individuals from across the region live off- reserve or away from their home communities. Several Indigenous groups have offices, services, and businesses in the city, including the First Nations Tribal Council Offices (Williams Lake First Nation, Carrier Chilcotin, Northern Shuswap, Tsilhqot'in) and various Indigenous organizations. Local groups such as the Three Corners Health Society, Cariboo Friendship Society, Knucwentwecw Family Services, Cariboo Chilcotin Métis Association, Denisiqi, Nenqayni Wellness Centre, Tŝideldel First Nation, and Orange Shirt Society provide vital services to the urban Indigenous community. Geography, Population Projections, + Demographics GEOGRAPHY + CLIMATE The City of Williams Lake covers a land area of 33 square kilometres, or approximately 2,500 hectares. It is strategically located at the junction of Highway 97, the primary north-south route in the province, and Highway 20, which provides the only road access to the central coast and Bella Coola. This central location makes Williams Lake a hub for people across the region and a destination for visitors. The city lies at the western end of the 11-kilometre-long Williams Lake, which flows into the Fraser River via the Williams Lake River to the south of the Downtown Core. Nestled in a sheltered valley on British Columbia's Interior Plateau, Williams Lake has a northwest- southeast orientation within the valley. The surrounding plateaus rise 300 to 400 metres above the valley floor. The area is encircled by evergreen forests, with the valley sitting at an average elevation of 610 metres. To the east, the Cariboo Mountains form the foothills of the Rockies, while to the west lies the Fraser River and the Chilcotin ranching region. The iconic "Hoodoos"-- natural rock columns shaped by centuries of wind and rain--can be seen from Sheep Creek Ridge along Highway 20, adding to the dramatic landscape that borders the Fraser River. The region experiences a semi-arid climate, with warm summers, cold winters, and significant snowfall that supports winter sports. View from above Signal Point looking toward Williams Lake. © City of Williams Lake City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 14 POPULATION According to the 2021 Census, the City of Williams Lake has a population of approximately 10,947 residents. The broader regional population that relies on services in the city is estimated at around 25,000.15 From 2016 to 2021, the city experienced a modest population increase of 1.8%. However, future projections suggest a slight population decline by 2046, reflecting a potential shift of residents from Williams Lake to other areas. This trend aligns with broader forecasts indicating a population decrease across the Cariboo Region by 2046. Table 1: Population Projections, City of Williams Lake, 2011-2046 Source: Population Projections - Province of British Columbia Community 2021 2026 2036 2046 City of Williams Lake 10,947 10,903 10,593 10,702 Like many communities across Canada, Williams Lake is experiencing an aging population. Since 2016, the number of residents aged 65 and older has grown by 8% (from 2,055 to 2,225 people), while the population aged 15 and under has seen a modest increase of just 1.6%. For those aged 15 to 64 - the working-age population - there was a slight decline of 0.1% between 2016 and 2021. In Williams Lake, over 24% of the population identifies as Indigenous - significantly higher than the 6% provincial average. This represents a 28% increase since the 2016 Census, with the Indigenous identifying population rising from 2,045 to 2,615. This increase highlights the critical role of Indigenous services and supports in the city. 15. City of Williams Lake. "About Williams Lake - Facts and Figures" (2025). Webpage. Figure 2: Population Age, City of Williams Lake, 2021 Source: Statistics Canada, Census Data Age 0 - 14 17% Age 15 - 64 63% Age 65 - 84 20% Age 85+ 3% City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 15 It also underscores the importance of meaningful engagement and collaboration with the urban Indigenous population, Williams Lake First Nation and other Indigenous communities that rely on services in Williams Lake. Additionally, approximately 9% of residents identify as part of a visible minority group, reflecting a 45% increase since 2016 (660 to 955 people). These demographic shifts reinforce the City's commitment to fostering an inclusive, safe, and welcoming environment for people of all cultures and backgrounds. How the Official Community Plan is Organized VISION 2050 + GUIDING PRINCIPLES (CHAPTER 3) The vision for Williams Lake outlines a long-term aspiration that shapes the objectives and policies of the Official Community Plan (OCP). It builds upon the current Council's vision statement, refined through community engagement. The vision and guiding principles are grounded in the shared values identified through community input; the principles ensure that decisions and actions reflect the community's values. They guide the planning process and shape the approach to achieving the goals. These principles are crucial for steering the development of policies, programs, and actions within the Plan. The Williams Lake Library on Third Avenue in downtown Williams Lake. © City of Williams Lake City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 16 TOPIC AREAS: GUIDING QUESTIONS, BACKGROUND, OBJECTIVES, + POLICIES (CHAPTERS 4 - 13) The topic area chapters are shaped by legislative requirements, best practice research, technical studies, community engagement, and input from staff, First Nations, and Council. Each topic area follows a consistent structure:s - Guiding Question: Frames the desired outcomes for the topic area, reflecting the community's values, vision, and priorities for Williams Lake 2050; - Background: Provides context for the topic area; - Objectives: Outline the broad direction and summarize the associated policies; and - Policies: Guide the City in achieving the desired outcomes. Policies may 'require' actions through bylaws or procedures, or 'encourage/consider' actions where discretion is involved. They may be the direct responsibility of the City or require collaboration with developers, land owners, government agencies, community groups or First Nations.  City Responsibility: Some policies fall under the City's direct responsibility, for current and/or future Councils to prioritize. While the municipality is not required to implement any specific projects or policies, these guide funding, capacity, and resource allocation. Councils cannot enact bylaws or take actions that contradict the OCP.  Working with Landowners or Developers: Certain policies are directed at landowners and developers within the city. Municipalities typically engage the development community through regulatory requirements, negotiated solutions, and voluntary incentives.  Collaborating with Others: Policies targeting partnerships with senior governments, First Nations, and community groups: these actions address areas where municipal and development efforts alone are insufficient and may require collaboration and/or leadership from other agencies (with potential municipal support) or advocacy to higher levels of government for change. The policies are measurable, enabling the City to track progress. The priorities and timeline for implementation are detailed in Chapter 14 Implementation and Monitoring. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 17 Engagement Process Spring 2025 - Vision, Values, + Priorities The first phase of engagement focused on gathering input on the community's vision for Williams Lake, identifying community values, and outlining priorities for the OCP topic areas. City staff and the consulting team engaged with more than 700 people in April and May 2025 with targeted outreach to youth, seniors, businesses, community organizations, and First Nations. Mayor Surinderpal Rathor and Chief Willie Sellars welcomed participants at the City Hall engagement launch on April 24, 2025. The Williams Lake First Nation Cultural Team shared traditional songs, drumming, and a story about porcupine and eagle to represent forging a path forward together to create a bright future. Overall, participants expressed a strong connection to the Williams Lake community and a shared desire for a sustainable, resilient, and inclusive future. Consultants and City staff also met regularly with representatives from Williams Lake First Nation to determine the most meaningful ways to incorporate their perspectives. Williams Lake First Nation staff provided ongoing feedback on the content of the OCP and shared the engagement opportunities with their members. The project team reached out to neighbouring First Nations and urban Indigenous groups offering invitations to participate in the process. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 18 The graphic below highlights key themes related to vision, values, and priorities that emerged from the engagement events, survey, meetings with First Nations, City staff, and Council. Community engagement plays a crucial role in creating a draft OCP. Other sources of input are equally important in creating a comprehensive, evidence-driven, and balanced plan. The project team worked hard through the summer of 2025 to create a draft OCP and Zoning Bylaw including contributions from community feedback, technical studies, First Nations, municipal staff, and Council. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 19 Fall 2025 Engagement The second round of engagement in September 2025 focused on gathering feedback on the draft OCP and Zoning Bylaw. Input was gathered from over 570 community members through a mix of in-person and virtual events including an online survey. The majority of participants expressed strong positive support for the draft Official Community Plan and Zoning Bylaw, with significant levels of support across the various sections of the OCP and Zoning Bylaw. Major themes from the comments collected during both in-person engagement events and the survey included a strong emphasis on improving liveability to enhance the quality of life, attracting and retaining community members, boosting community safety, and fostering a diversified economy with support for local businesses. Reconciliation also emerged as a consistent and crucial theme throughout the process. Throughout the process, the project team met regularly with representatives from Williams Lake First Nation (WLFN). Williams Lake First Nation staff provided ongoing feedback on the draft OCP and helped share engagement opportunities with their members. The project team also reached out to neighbouring First Nations and urban Indigenous organizations, extending invitations to participate in the process. The input from the community has shaped the final version of the OCP and updated Zoning Bylaw. Fall Engagement Events © City of Williams Lake City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 20 Vision + Guiding Principles The vision for Williams Lake outlines a long-term aspiration that shapes the objectives and policies of the Official Community Plan (OCP). It builds upon the current Council's vision statement, refined through community engagement. Vision Guiding Principles These guiding principles provide overarching direction for all areas of the OCP. They are grounded in the shared values identified through community input and will help guide decisions and actions. They are critical in guiding all policy development, programs and actions pursued under the OCP. - Reconciliation: Strengthen cooperation and mutual support by working collaboratively with First Nations towards respective community goals and objectives. Revisit and create government-to-government protocols, policies, and processes based on meaningful consultation respecting matters of mutual interest, and establishing accountability and monitoring mechanisms for UNDRIP implementation, towards the collective journey of reconciliation. - Relationship Building, Partnerships, + Collaboration: Collaborate and partner with the Williams Lake First Nation, Regional Indigenous Organizations, Cariboo Regional By 2050, Williams Lake will be an inclusive, safe, accessible, healthy, and both an economic and climate resilient community that honours diversity and champions environmental stewardship. The community will continue its commitment to reconciliation with Williams Lake First Nation, urban Indigenous populations, and neighbouring First Nation communities. Williams Lake will offer opportunities to grow, thrive, and be active. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 21 District, senior government, community partners and non-profit organizations to implement the OCP's objectives and policies. - Small-Town Liveability: Maintain the small-town feel, close connections, and overall friendliness of Williams Lake while continuing to foster a sense of belonging, optimism, connection, and social and physical well-being for all who live, work, and play in the community and to attract new residents. - Sound Governance + Operations: Foster transparent, accountable, financially responsible decision-making, and effective and timely communications to support an informed and involved community. - Accessibility: Incorporate accessibility and barrier-free experiences for all ages and abilities in municipal processes, parks and other public spaces, and the built environment such as housing, community amenities, and recreational facilities. This ensures that all residents and community members, including those with disabilities and the elderly can access and benefit from all that Williams Lake has to offer. - Safety: Promote and ensure safety of all residents, community members, and businesses in Williams Lake through proactive actions. Decision making, built environment, and public spaces prioritizes the protection of the physical and emotional well-being of all residents and community members of Williams Lake. - Resiliency: Adapt to new conditions and issues in the global, provincial, regional, and local context including social, environmental, technological, or economic, and operate as an effective, thriving, and welcoming community. Incorporate proactive and responsive approaches to the climate crisis, natural hazards, emergency planning, and the local economy. - Regional Hub: Fully consider the needs of regional community members and promote equitable access to amenities, services and supports, and opportunities. Encourage collaboration, network-building, and partnerships among various government organizations, non-profits, businesses, and communities to help strengthen the collective capacity. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 22 4. Land Use Planning + Development Guiding Question How can we ensure the community's needs are met through a land use plan that effectively meets the demand for residential, employment, and institutional uses? General Background Williams Lake will continue to promote a strong Downtown Core and attractive neighbourhoods while preserving parks, conservation areas and employment lands with flexible uses, including Heavy Industrial. In the future, the City will have more complete, compact neighbourhoods with neighbourhood centres providing basic commercial and service needs with higher residential densities to support local businesses and increase walking, cycling, and transit use within the City. Rural residential areas should remain low density and most multi-unit residential development should be directed into downtown, Westridge Lake View © City of Williams Lake City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 23 neighbourhood centres, and along main transportation routes. There will be ample opportunities for both redevelopment and densification in the existing urban area, and for new greenfield subdivisions or neighbourhoods on vacant lands. Bill 44 - Housing Statutes (Residential Development) Amendment Act, 2023 established new requirements for Official Community Plans. Key changes include a requirement to designate sufficient residential land to meet the results of the unit needs estimates established in Housing Needs Reports and housing policies addressing a range of issues and considerations. The land use framework described in this plan well exceeds the required unit capacity with housing policies covering all the required topics. Industrial Railyard © City of Williams Lake City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 24 Land Use Designation Summary Mixed-Use + Residential Land Uses Land Use Intent Building Form Typical Uses Downtown Core - Central core area and heart of the city - Highest density part of town - Greatest mixing of uses with residential, commercial, cultural, and institutional activities - Pedestrian-oriented and walkable rather than automobile serving businesses - Mix of low- and mid-rise buildings with ground floor commercial uses - Up to eight (8) storeys - Up to 4.5 Floor Space Ratio (FSR) - Urban setbacks with high site coverage - Mixed uses with focus on commercial, employment and residential - Residential uses in urban apartments above stores, offices, or restaurants - Cultural and entertainment - Plazas and open space Neighbourhood Mixed- use - Moderate density mixed use to transition from downtown or for neighbourhood centres - Second highest density land use designation - Residential with opportunities for neighbourhood serving businesses - Mix of low-rise and mid-rise residential buildings with commercial uses - Apartments, townhouses or stacked townhouses - Up to six (6) storeys - Up to 2 FSR - Suburban setbacks - Residential uses - Neighbourhood serving commercial uses Neighbourhood Multi-unit - Multi-unit residential development outside the core area and along arterials in neighbourhoods - Low-rise medium density - Apartments and townhouses - Up to four (4) storeys - Up to 1.5 FSR - Multi-unit residential uses only City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 25 Land Use Intent Building Form Typical Uses - The third highest density residential land use designation - Larger, suburban setbacks Small-scale Residential - Small-scale multi-unit of 1 to 4 units - The second density residential land use designation - Low-rise low density residential - Townhouses, duplex, triplex, multiplexes and accessory dwellings - Up to three (3) storeys - Up to 1.2 FSR - Larger, suburban setbacks - Small scale multi-unit residential (single detached, duplex, triplex, fourplex, townhouse, accessory dwellings) South Lakeside Residential - Small-scale multi-unit of 1 to 4 units on larger lots - Hobby farms - The lowest density residential land use designation - Low-rise low density residential - Townhouses, duplex, triplex, multiplexes and accessory dwellings - Up to three (3) storeys - Up to 1.2 FSR - Larger lots - Small scale multi-unit residential (single detached, duplex, triplex, fourplex, townhouse, accessory dwellings) - Manufactured homes - Small-scale agricultural activities and hobby farms Rural Residential - Low density rural residential homes - Up to two (2) storeys - Single detached homes City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 26 Employment + Economic Land Uses Land Use Intent Building Form Typical Uses Commercial - Commercial uses outside the Downtown Core - Up to four (4) storeys - Automobile-oriented - Retail, office and service commercial Highway Commercial - Commercial activities outside the downtown to serve highway users, tourists, and automobile-related services - Up to four (4) storeys - Automobile-oriented - Automobile service, retail uses, tourism and accommodation Light Industrial - Moderate impact industrial - Up to three (3) storeys - Processing or storage of goods, light manufacturing, assembly, warehousing, distribution, service industrial, construction and trades support, technology, limited/accessory commercial Industrial - Heavy impact industrial - Up to three (3) storeys - Resource processing, manufacturing, waste management and recycling, transportation and logistics, energy and utilities, construction, extraction support Airport Industrial - Commercial and Light Industrial specific to aviation related activities - Up to two (2) storeys - Aviation-related businesses, tourism, Light Industrial, commercial, couriers, trucking companies, charter services City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 27 Institutional, Parks, Recreational, + Natural Areas Land Uses Land Use Intent Building Form Typical Uses Institutional - Community services and facilities typically operated by a government agency or non- profit organization. - Up to four (4) storeys - Civic, public service, personal and community care, schools, hospitals and major health care facilities, public indoor recreation facilities, and cemeteries Parks and Recreation - Public parks and private recreational and cultural amenities, with limited complementary commercial or institutional uses - Up to two (2) storeys - Parks, golf courses, public and private outdoor recreation, Natural and Conservation Areas - Maintain natural state to protect wetlands, hillsides, ravines, riparian areas and other environmentally sensitive lands; low impact activities (such as hiking) are permitted - Not applicable - Natural open space and conservation areas, and low- impact recreational activities (hiking/biking trails) City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 28 Large Site Opportunities Land Use Intent Building Form Typical Uses University Village - Opportunity for master planned post-secondary district with a mix of uses - Up to six storeys - Post-secondary education, commercial, indoor and outdoor recreation, and residential Lakeside Industrial Park - Unique opportunity to blend Light Industrial uses with a tourism district and connect the waterfront enhancement area to the Downtown Core and Stampede Grounds - Up to three storeys - Commercial, Light Industrial, parks and outdoor recreation Prosperity Ridge - Opportunity for master planned developments and new subdivisions around the Prosperity way neighbourhood centre - Up to six storeys - Mixed use, residential and commercial uses, with a diversity of multi-unit residential forms Westside Crown Lands - Opportunity for master planned developments and new subdivisions below the Westridge neighbourhood - Up to six storeys - Predominantly residential with mixed forms, and future potential for neighbourhood serving commercial uses City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 29 OBJECTIVES + POLICIES Objective 4.1. Reinforce a natural hierarchy of land uses with downtown as the heart of the community, daily needs accessible in neighbourhood centres and opportunities for higher density development near amenities and along key transportation routes. Policy 4.1.1. Attract residents and employees to the downtown, increasing the 'eyes of the street' throughout the day and evening, to encourage liveliness, sociability, and a sense of place and safety. Policy 4.1.2. Create an outstanding public realm throughout the Downtown Core, with specific attention paid to key intersections and main streets. Policy 4.1.3. Protect residential areas from the potential impacts of intensive commercial and industrial land uses through physical separation and other mitigation measures. Policy 4.1.4. Establish a safe, accessible, and comfortable environment for pedestrians of all ages and abilities in the Downtown Core. Policy 4.1.5. Identify and preserve green space and connections for pedestrian and bike corridors linking each neighbourhood centre and the downtown. Policy 4.1.6. Ensure new subdivisions include a mandatory dedication of park land in the development or collect a cash-in-lieu payment for future park land acquisition. Policy 4.1.7. Promote infill in existing neighbourhoods to effectively use services and amenities and reduce the need for infrastructure expansion. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 30 Policy 4.1.8. Focus multi-unit development along arterial and collector roads, around downtown, key intersections and neighbourhood centres. Policy 4.1.9. Discourage multi-unit residential development directly adjacent to highways. Policy 4.1.10. Support transit and active transportation connections along key corridors and between neighbourhood centres, parks and downtown to connect residential areas, services, and amenities. Policy 4.1.11. Multi-unit and mixed-use development should maintain back lanes where they exist and seek to establish them where they do not. Policy 4.1.12. Consider developing a bylaw to establish site-level infrastructure and transportation demand management authorities pursuant to Bill 16 (2024): Housing Statutes Amendment Act, 2024. Objective 4.2. Ensure all land use needs are met throughout the city. Policy 4.2.1. Encourage a diversity of residential home types, locations, densities, tenures, and prices to accommodate various age groups and household types in all neighbourhoods. Policy 4.2.2. Ensure an adequate supply of land is designated for residential development for at least the next 20 years, as required by the Local Government Act, with opportunities for diverse housing forms throughout the community. Policy 4.2.3. Maintain a sufficient supply of employment lands with flexible uses to ensure the city's economic sustainability now and in the future. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 31 Policy 4.2.4. Improve access to land use information to support development through public GIS mapping, and ongoing maintenance of relevant datasets. Policy 4.2.5. Prioritize multi-unit housing near transportation infrastructure that supports walking, bicycling, public transit, and alternative forms of transportation. Policy 4.2.6. Discourage shared driveways between fee simple lots. Policy 4.2.7. When new subdivisions or master planned developments are proposed, ensure: 4.2.7.1. Integration with and connectivity to adjacent neighbourhoods, including active transportation options; 4.2.7.2. A diverse range of housing options are available to accommodate all life stages, and family types, and affordable to a range of income levels; 4.2.7.3. Access to daily needs through mixed use development and thoughtful connections to adjacent services and amenities; 4.2.7.4. Access to parks or open space within a 10-minute walk of most homes (300-metre walk); 4.2.7.5. Adequate connections to municipal services with sufficient capacity for the build-out of the new area; and 4.2.7.6. Incorporation of community amenities and facilities such as community gardens and gathering spaces into neighbourhoods and new developments. Policy 4.2.8. Consider opportunities to pre-zone multi-unit development opportunities in key locations such as downtown and around neighbourhood centres. Policy 4.2.9. Panhandle subdivision is generally discouraged and may only be considered where: City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 32 4.2.9.1. Topographical or other physical constraints prevent conventional subdivision, and a panhandle lot appears to be the best solution to allow further subdivision while maintaining physical access to the lot and a conventional road could not be constructed to eliminate the need for panhandle subdivision. 4.2.9.2. The subject lands are part of a land assembly with the panhandle being required to provide temporary access until a time where it can be replaced by conventional access. 4.2.9.3. The proposed lot will result in no adverse impacts on the use, privacy, and enjoyment of surrounding property owners or City services and emergency services. Mixed-use + Residential Land Uses Objective 4.3. Ensure the community's need for housing is met and allow mixed use buildings in the downtown and neighbourhood centres. DOWNTOWN CORE Downtown is intended to be the highest density area, with mixed residential, commercial, cultural and institutional uses. It should be pedestrian oriented with a generally urban form of development, high-quality urban design, and storefronts facing the street rather than parking lots. Policy 4.3.1. Maintain and strengthen the Downtown Core as the hub of activity in the city. Policy 4.3.2. Support the development of mixed uses with residential, commercial, office and cultural uses throughout the Downtown Core. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 33 Policy 4.3.3. Discourage new large areas of surface parking, strip malls, drive-thru, or service stations in the Downtown Core, with preference for under-building or underground parking where possible. Policy 4.3.4. Encourage financial institutions, government offices, small- format retail, personal services, recreation, arts and culture, restaurants and entertainment to locate in the Downtown Core. Policy 4.3.5. Encourage professional and medical services that do not rely on foot traffic to locate above the first floor where possible, to activate the street and support the viability of retail businesses and restaurants. Policy 4.3.6. Permit the rezoning of existing residential use properties to commercial uses. Policy 4.3.7. Encourage the retention and revitalization of heritage character buildings. Policy 4.3.8. Improve walkability and accessibility downtown with sidewalk and crossing improvements, additional seating, wayfinding, and lighting to create an attractive, comfortable and safe pedestrian environment. Policy 4.3.9. Limit heights to eight (8) storeys. NEIGHBOURHOOD MIXED-USE Neighbourhood mixed-use areas predominantly feature multi-unit housing, with opportunities for neighbourhood serving commercial for neighbourhood centres, in strategic locations and to transition from downtown to the surrounding neighbourhoods. Any non-residential activities should be low impact, and highly compatible with residential areas. Policy 4.3.10. Encourage commercial spaces to face outward to the street rather than to interior parking areas. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 34 Policy 4.3.11. Encourage step-backs of upper storeys to reduce building bulk and maintain a strong sense of street enclosure at the pedestrian scale when buildings are more than four (4) storeys. Policy 4.3.12. Limit heights to six (6) storeys. NEIGHBOURHOOD MULTI-UNIT RESIDENTIAL Neighbourhood Multi-Unit Residential areas feature medium density townhouses and apartments along main streets, at key intersections, and to transition between the Residential Mixed-Use and Small-Scale Residential areas. These areas will offer opportunities for lot consolidation and slightly higher density but will have a similar overall scale to Small-Scale Residential. Policy 4.3.13. Maintain the use of minimum lot sizes to require lot consolidation of existing detached lots to achieve the floor area density permitted by the Neighborhood Multi-Unit designation. Policy 4.3.14. Limit heights to three (3) storeys. SMALL-SCALE RESIDENTIAL + SOUTH LAKESIDE RESIDENTIAL This is the lowest density residential designation where active development is expected, providing flexible opportunities for a wide range of ground-oriented multi-unit forms, such as detached houses, duplexes, triplexes, fourplexes, townhouses, secondary suites and accessory dwellings. The overall intent of the Small-Scale Residential and South Lakeside Small-Scale residential designations are similar: South Lakeside contemplates larger lots and hobby farms, but the residential uses, maximum height, density, and structure types are otherwise the same. Neighbourhood centres are established by designating commercial and mixed-use opportunities in strategic locations with existing commercial uses outside the downtown. These areas offer opportunities for denser housing development, and low impact commercial opportunities to meet the daily needs of residents, such as corner stores, personal services, or cafes. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 35 Policy 4.3.15. Develop guidelines to support the development of a wide range of Small-Scale Residential forms with up to four units, including: - Single-detached with secondary suites and up to two detached accessory dwelling units; - Two duplexes; - Duplex with secondary suites; - Triplex with a detached accessory dwelling; - Fourplex; - Four attached townhouses (row housing); and - Cottage Courts (four small, detached houses). Policy 4.3.16. Monitor the uptake of secondary suite, accessory dwelling unit, and Small-Scale Residential and revise policies if necessary to support their development. Policy 4.3.17. Limit heights to three (3) storeys. RURAL RESIDENTIAL The Rural Residential designation supports a rural lifestyle where municipal servicing is not available. These areas are characterized by large lots, low-density development, typically on the outskirts of the city. These areas provide a buffer between natural areas and denser development and may offer a supply of land for future development if servicing is expanded. No further subdivision is permitted without connections to municipal services. Policy 4.3.18. Maintain a minimum parcel size of 1 acre. Policy 4.3.19. Encourage maintaining a significant amount of natural areas on each lot, particularly near environmentally sensitive areas. Policy 4.3.20. Limit the site coverage by buildings and structures to 20%. Policy 4.3.21. Limit the site coverage of all buildings, structures and impermeable surfaces to 40%. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 36 Policy 4.3.22. Discourage higher density developments of lands designated Rural Residential unless all other areas of the city have been considered for the type of development proposed and require municipal servicing as a condition of development. Policy 4.3.23. Limit heights to two (2) storeys. Employment + Economic Land Uses Objective 4.4. Provide opportunities for commercial and industrial enterprises to support employment and economic development. COMMERCIAL Uses intended for Commercial land use include: office, small and medium-format retail, personal services, food and beverage, health services, financial institutions, community and tourism services, artisan or maker spaces. Policy 4.4.1. Limit the impact of commercial uses not compatible with residential areas. Policy 4.4.2. Support infill development, façade improvements and adaptive reuse of existing buildings before permitting significant new greenfield commercial development. Policy 4.4.3. Encourage mixed-use buildings to provide more space options for businesses and to enhance block vibrancy. Policy 4.4.4. Create and protect spaces for small, independent and culturally diverse businesses through flexible zoning, pop-up markets, and temporary uses (programs, activities, pilot projects, etc.). Policy 4.4.5. Support service commercial uses along the east side of Mackenzie Avenue, and north of Comer Street, that are compatible with nearby Light Industrial operations. Policy 4.4.6. Limit height to four (4) storeys. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 37 HIGHWAY COMMERCIAL Uses intended for Highway Commercial include: large format retail, auto-oriented services, tourism services, and service commercial. Policy 4.4.7. Direct large format retail and car-dependent commercial activities to commercial highway land to provide easy access to regional vehicle traffic. Policy 4.4.8. Concentrate highway commercial development within specific areas rather than dispersing along the highway corridor. Policy 4.4.9. Discourage new commercial storage facilities in and near the downtown and promote their location in highway commercial areas or fringe areas. Policy 4.4.10. Support the intensification of existing large format retail and car-oriented sites by increasing the scale of existing buildings or by adding new commercial space on underutilized land, such as surface parking lots. Policy 4.4.11. Allow for light manufacturing, crafts and food processing within highway commercial areas where compatible and especially if they activate storefronts or generate foot traffic, such as microbreweries, coffee roasters, and commercial kitchens. Policy 4.4.12. Allow for warehousing, logistics, or trucking support services that align with regional trade or forestry, agriculture and mining supply chains. Policy 4.4.13. Encourage highway commercial amenities that service the industrial and transportation workforce such as clean and safe truck stops, overnight parking and food options. Policy 4.4.14. Limit height to four (4) storeys. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 38 ALL INDUSTRIAL LAND USES Policy 4.4.15. Identify and monitor the industrial lands inventory to identify existing industrial lands to protect, and opportunities for land to be added to the inventory to support relocation and expansion of industrial activities. Policy 4.4.16. Increase employment density of industrial land in close proximity to the downtown by supporting industrial uses that are compatible with the downtown and that make efficient use of underutilized land. Policy 4.4.17. Separate industrial and residential uses and, where proximity is unavoidable, minimize impacts through buffers, screening, landscaping, murals and site design. Policy 4.4.18. Minimize the impacts of industrial uses on surrounding areas by addressing noise, vibrations, odours, emissions, visual intrusion, and light. Policy 4.4.19. Ensure industrial properties with rail access are developed for rail-dependent uses. Policy 4.4.20. Strategize industrial land development in the North End, focusing on immediate and future land use, infrastructure improvements, and rail development. Policy 4.4.21. Consider swapping designated park land in the North End with the Light Industrial land located only within the defined hazard slope area west of Mackenzie Avenue. LIGHT INDUSTRIAL Uses intended for Light Industrial should have moderate impacts and could include: industrial processes or storage of goods, light manufacturing, assembly, warehousing, distribution, service industrial, construction and trades support, technology, and limited/accessory commercial. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 39 Policy 4.4.22. Consider opportunities to utilize land for data centres or digital mining, especially when complemented by an adjacent power generating land use. Policy 4.4.23. Discourage encroachment of retail commercial and general office uses into industrial areas to preserve this land for Light Industrial development. Policy 4.4.24. Limit Light Industrial lands to low-impact industrial processes or goods storage conducted indoors or with minimal effects on adjacent areas. Policy 4.4.25. Gradually transition the properties located on the south side of Mackenzie Avenue from Light Industrial use to parkland due to concerns related to slope stability and hazard risk. Encourage industrial enterprises to relocate to appropriate locations. Policy 4.4.26. Increase the ecological buffer along the top of the River Valley Escarpment ensuring green space and encourage the planting of native species to strengthen the slope and ecosystem. Policy 4.4.27. Limit height to three (3) storeys. HEAVY INDUSTRIAL Uses intended for Heavy Industrial anticipate heavy impacts and include: resource processing and manufacturing, waste management and recycling, transportation and logistics, energy and utilities, and construction and extraction support. Policy 4.4.28. Address environmental constraints and hazards in Heavy Industrial areas, including sensitive areas, slope stability, water and the airshed. Require measures to mitigate risks from accidental contamination or emergency events. Policy 4.4.29. Allow industrial processes or storage of goods with moderate to heavy impacts. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 40 Policy 4.4.30. Support Light Industrial uses, provided it does not lead to a shortage of land needed to meet current or future demands for Heavy Industrial activities. Policy 4.4.31. Encourage industrial expansion within the airshed using advanced technology inline with provincial guidelines and assess new proposals with the latest modelling tools. Policy 4.4.32. Encourage industrial development to include climate action strategies and green infrastructure such as advanced stormwater management, green roofs, and the installation of solar panels. Policy 4.4.33. Limit height to three (3) storeys. AIRPORT INDUSTRIAL Uses intended for Airport Industrial include aviation-related businesses, tourism, Light Industrial, commercial, couriers, trucking companies, and charter services. Policy 4.4.34. Promote the airport as a hub for aviation-related businesses, tourism, and Light Industrial activities. Policy 4.4.35. Support airside lands for aviation services and compatible businesses. Policy 4.4.36. Designate groundside lands for commercial and Light Industrial businesses that do not require airfield access, such as couriers, trucking companies, construction services, and tourism-related businesses. Policy 4.4.37. Ensure future industrial uses have adequate servicing, protect Airport Reserve lands for long-term development, and align development with aviation and operational needs. Policy 4.4.38. Support flexible lot sizing for diverse businesses and prioritize aviation-related development, including fire-fighting operations, charter services, and private hangars. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 41 Policy 4.4.39. Restrict Heavy Industrial uses on adjacent properties to prevent conflicts with airport operations. Policy 4.4.40. Limit height to two (2) storeys. Institutional, Parks, Recreational, + Natural Areas Land Uses Objective 4.5. Ensure the community's need for services, amenities, parks and recreation are met, while conserving natural areas. INSTITUTIONAL Institutional land uses provide important supports and amenities for local and regional residents with community services and facilities typically operated by the government or non-profits. These uses provide economic benefits, create a more lively and diverse community, and support a higher quality of life in the city. Institutional uses include major health care facilities, post-secondary institutions and primary schools, fire halls and police stations, government buildings and civic infrastructure, public recreation complexes and the Stampede Grounds, cemeteries, and other similar uses. In Williams Lake, education is a key component of institutional land use. School District No. 27 (Cariboo-Chilcotin) and three (3) independent schools provide comprehensive K- 12 programs, including six (6) elementary schools (three within municipal boundary), one (1) junior secondary (Columneetza), one (1) senior secondary (Lake City Secondary), and one alternate program (Skyline Alternate School), for a total of twelve (12) schools that support community growth and livability. Policy 4.5.1. Ensure adequate lands are maintained to support institutional uses throughout the city. Policy 4.5.2. Limit heights to four (4) storeys. PARKS AND RECREATION This designation serves to maintain areas for public and private outdoor recreation and cultural amenities with parks, golf courses, and other outdoor activities. Parks play a central role in providing a high quality of life and offer opportunities for residents to City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 42 recreate and gather outdoors, while increasing the attractiveness and desirability of the community. With active play, these areas may see high levels of activity and frequent use. Policy 4.5.3. Primarily maintain outdoor open space in parks, with limited opportunities for complementary commercial or institutional uses to support the use of the park (such as bathrooms or concessions). Policy 4.5.4. Ensure all new neighbourhoods and subdivisions include adequate park space throughout the area to allow all residents to access this amenity. Policy 4.5.5. Limit heights buildings to three (3) storeys. NATURAL AND CONSERVATION AREAS This designation serves to protect and conserve natural areas and open spaces from change and development, and includes steep hillsides, ravines, wetlands and riparian and other environmentally sensitive areas. Natural areas provide important functions, such as absorbing and slowing to flow of rain and melt water, supporting slope stability and providing opportunities for low impact recreation. Policy 4.5.6. Discourage the construction of significant permanent structures in natural areas. Policy 4.5.7. Allow low impact recreational activities such as hiking and cycling, where appropriate. Policy 4.5.8. Minimize recreational activities in areas with poor slope stability that may threaten safety, and where sensitive ecosystems may be at risk. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 43 Large Site Opportunities Objective 4.6. Guide the development of large sites opportunities to ensure strategic outcomes. There were three (3) areas previously identified as potential locations for major, coordinated, master planned developments within the municipal boundary of the City. University Village is a new addition to this list. While conceptual plans for these areas have been explored over the years, important unknown factors still need to be assessed or updated to understand the true development potential, manage risk, and ensure the long-term sustainability and stability of these new neighbourhoods. The areas include the University Village, Lakeside Industrial Park, Prosperity Ridge, and Westside Crown Lands. UNIVERSITY VILLAGE The Thompson Rivers University (TRU) campus offers a unique opportunity to develop on and around post-secondary uses adjacent to a neighbourhood centre with existing commercial space. Being one of the city's largest undeveloped parcels in an established neighbourhood, there is high potential to bring vibrancy and renewal to this area of town with improved services and amenities for existing neighbours. Recognizing the long-term benefits of supporting a stronger post-secondary hub in the city, a flexible mixed-use designation will allow for future development of post-secondary, commercial, residential, and recreational uses. Key considerations for the University Village include: - Desire for increasing the University Campus lands and drawing people to study and live in Williams Lake after graduating; Thompson Rivers University Williams Lake Campus © City of Williams Lake City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 44 - Approximately half of the property is forested and may be perceived as park space by the public; - TRU has no current plans to expand academic facilities but is exploring the potential for residential development; - Increasing the residential population around the campus would support the viability of businesses in the neighbourhood centre; and - Presence of, and high potential for archaeological resources. Policy 4.6.1. Any development of the northern end of the property should consider establishing a road connection from 11th Ave to Midnight Drive to improve neighbourhood connectivity and eliminate cul-de-sacs where possible. Policy 4.6.2. Establish connections for accessing the Active Transportation Network as outlined in the Active Transportation Network Plan (2025). Policy 4.6.3. A mix of housing types should be considered with a preference for rental housing and housing to meet the needs of the broader community. Policy 4.6.4. Protection of potential cultural sites or findings based on best legislative practice and future archaeological protocols created with Williams Lake First Nation. Policy 4.6.5. The impact of tree removal on slope stability should be considered when developing the forested area of the property. Policy 4.6.6. Limit heights to six (6) storeys. LAKESIDE INDUSTRIAL PARK This area offers a unique opportunity for a coordinated development in a prominent and accessible location. It is the most significant parcel of land with a direct, at-grade interface with the lake, and offers an opportunity to connect this natural resource, Scout Island, and the Downtown Core through a new active transportation connection through the Stampede Grounds. With active and ongoing industrial use, and the adjacency of City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 45 the railway, this area should maintain a cohesive mix of natural, tourist, and Light Industrial activities. Key considerations for the Lakeside Industrial Park include: - High likelihood of significant contamination adjacent to a waterbody; - Presence of, and high potential for archaeological and cultural resources; - Potential for flooding with low land elevations and adjacency to the lake and headwaters of the Williams Lake River; - Adjacency of the railway and the valuable utility it provides for industrial and commercial activities; - The presence of intensive industrial and commercial uses nearby may conflict with residential development and therefore residential is not recommended; and - Low land availability for employment uses in the city. Policy 4.6.7. Recognize the Lakeside Industrial Park as a prime waterfront development opportunity and work collaboratively with the relevant landowners, rights- holders, and partners to realize necessary infrastructure upgrades to support development. Policy 4.6.8. The waterfront should be maintained for public recreational use in as natural a state as possible, with improved access provided through implementing the Waterfront Enhancement Plan. Policy 4.6.9. A continuous pedestrian or active transportation connection should be made between the waterfront enhancement area and boardwalk through to the downtown area. Policy 4.6.10. A consistent design style complementary to the natural and industrial setting should be encouraged. Policy 4.6.11. Careful consideration of land and water contamination must be taken when redeveloping this area. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 46 Policy 4.6.12. To protect the environmentally sensitive riparian areas along the lake and river, all new development must demonstrate sufficient riparian protection and restoration efforts. Policy 4.6.13. Protection of potential cultural sites or findings based on best legislative practice and future archaeological protocols created with Williams Lake First Nation. Policy 4.6.14. New roads and infrastructure on private land will be the responsibility of the developer. Policy 4.6.15. Limit heights to three (3) storeys. PROSPERITY RIDGE DISTRICT This area includes two large, privately-owned parcels forming most of the open space surrounding the Prosperity Way Shopping Mall (approximately 96.4 hectares). Prior to developing this area there are a range of concerns to explore. Key considerations for Prosperity Ridge include: - Presence of, and high potential for archaeological resources; - Existing geotechnical hazard, particularly the Hodgson Road/Dog Creek Road landslides; - Slope stability changes and the impacts of tree removal and earthworks; - Need for alternative road connections for emergency access and evacuation other than South Lakeside Drive; and - Infrastructure capacity and cost. Policy 4.6.16. Any future development of this area should be preceded by thorough geotechnical and hydrological assessment by a qualified professional. Policy 4.6.17. Protection of potential cultural sites or findings based on best legislative practice and future archaeological protocols created with Williams Lake First Nation. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 47 Policy 4.6.18. The first phase of any major development of the Prosperity Ridge District must include a secondary road connection to create a route through the neighbourhood from Prosperity Way to Highway 20 or Dog Creek Road (or equivalent route to establish two exits). Policy 4.6.19. Future development of the Prosperity Ridge District should be preceded by a servicing capacity assessment to understand both the ability of current infrastructure to carry additional capacity and the long-term financial impact of servicing expansion. Policy 4.6.20. Waterway diversion should be avoided, and stormwater management must carefully consider how to eliminate the creation of slope stability risks arising from water flows. Care should be taken to not unnecessarily increase flows into the area affected by the Hodgson Road/Dog Creek Road landslide. Policy 4.6.21. Development should not be contemplated in the Hodgson Road/Dog Creek Road landslide area, with the creek running through the ravine to the east of Terra Ridge/Wotzke Drive presenting a natural boundary. Policy 4.6.22. With increased impermeable surfaces resulting from development, onsite stormwater management should be encouraged to reduce land stability risks related to sudden water flows with qualified professionals providing geotechnical and hydrological assessment to support the design of these systems and determine their necessity. Policy 4.6.23. Limit heights to six (6) storeys. WESTSIDE CROWN LANDS This area includes a large parcel of Crown land directly east of the Westridge neighbourhood. This large area, estimated to be approximately 82.5 hectares, presents a significant opportunity for new development. However, there are a range of concerns to explore. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 48 Key considerations for the Westside Crown Lands include: - Presence of, and high potential for archaeological resources; - Slope stability and the impacts of tree removal and earthworks; - Need for alternative road connections for emergency access and evacuation; and - Need to meet requirements for the Provincial process for Crown land disposition. Policy 4.6.24. Any future development of this area should be preceded by thorough geotechnical and hydrological assessment by a qualified professional. Policy 4.6.25. The first phase of any major development of the Westside Crown Lands must establish a secondary route out of the neighbourhood other than Westridge Drive, such as a road connection to Country Club Boulevard, via a Westside Connector over the river, or other another acceptable solution. Policy 4.6.26. Future development of the Westside Crown Lands should be preceded by a servicing capacity assessment to understand both the ability of current infrastructure to carry additional capacity and the long-term financial impact of servicing expansion. Policy 4.6.27. The impact of tree removal on slope stability should be studied, particularly for the southern half of the area with heavy tree cover, and around the creek running under both Westridge Drive and Country Club Boulevard through the golf course to the Williams Lake River. Policy 4.6.28. Waterway diversion should be avoided and stormwater management must carefully consider how to eliminate the creation of slope stability risks arising from modified water flows and impermeable surfaces. Policy 4.6.29. An archaeological overview assessment should be completed prior to developing specific neighbourhood concepts, with more detailed investigation by phase as development proceeds. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 49 Policy 4.6.30. Due to current access constraints and a low population in the neighbourhood, commercial uses should be discouraged unless: - A viable, relatively high-capacity secondary access is established to support the sustainability of businesses, and - Sufficient residential development has already occurred to support those businesses. Policy 4.6.31. Development of new roads and infrastructure shall be the responsibility of the developer. Policy 4.6.32. Adequate institutional space for schools should be planned in consultation with School District No. 27 to accommodate the future population. Policy 4.6.33. A park and trail network aligning with the Parks, Trails, and Outdoor Recreation Master Plan will be established for any redevelopment of the area. Policy 4.6.34. Limit heights to six (6) storeys. The view from the City's west side overlooking Williams Lake. © City of Williams City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 50 5. Housing Guiding Question How can we meet the community's need for affordable, safe, and suitable housing for all people through every stage of life? Background Access to suitable and affordable housing is essential for community liveability, economic stability, and social well-being. Housing is a key consideration in official community plans and a main factor affecting where households decide where to live. Having access to affordable housing significantly impacts overall well-being and enables participation in daily life and the local economy. When housing costs are high, households have less to spend on other needs, which affects the viability of local businesses and their employees' ability to afford housing. A balanced housing system is crucial to maintain affordable prices, provide a diversity of housing types to meet the needs of all households, and reduce the experience of homelessness. Emergency housing and support services are vital for people experiencing homelessness to make sure the experience is brief. Addressing housing needs requires more than just building a certain number of homes - different households have varied and evolving needs throughout their lifetime. Every Household Has Unique Affordability Needs Housing is considered affordable when it costs no more than 30% of a household's income - since every household is different, this means there is no one price where housing is affordable. Achieving affordability for all requires a range of housing types at different prices. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 51 The total 5-year and 20-year housing need table is a compilation of the data identified through the required HNR Method used in the Housing Needs Assessment Report (2024), summarized in table: This shows the types of housing need and the projected 5- and 20-year requirements. For Williams Lake it shows a need for 508 units within the next 5 years and 1547 units over the next 20 years. The City has identified several policies in the OCP to facilitate the development of housing in Williams Lake. This shows a summary of the many policies addressing the identified classes of housing referenced by LGA Part 14 Section 473. A diverse mix of housing types, sizes, and price points is essential to support a healthy, inclusive community. For instance, young adults moving out on their own often need smaller, more affordable homes. Yet in Williams Lake, over half of the housing stock consists of detached houses, which are larger and more expensive than many young people need or can afford. This underscores the growing need for compact, affordable apartments, multi-unit homes, and purpose-built rental housing to better support younger households. Families with children have different needs, often requiring larger homes with more bedrooms, private or semi-private outdoor space, and fewer shared walls to minimize noise. While detached homes have traditionally met these needs well, today's high housing and development costs make this option less affordable. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 52 As a result, many families must consider alternatives to detached houses to find the space and features they need. Fortunately, with recent legislative changes requiring communities to permit Small-Scale Residential housing throughout all neighbourhoods, there are now many new family-friendly housing options available for development in Williams Lake. Housing types like duplexes, triplexes, fourplexes, detached accessory dwellings (garden suites), townhouses, and rowhomes can offer the space, outdoor access, and privacy families want and often at a more attainable price than new single-family homes. On the opposite end of the housing spectrum, seniors often seek to downsize as their mobility declines and household sizes shrink. Many prefer to stay in their communities, close to friends, services, and familiar routines. However, a shortage of suitable housing options in their area can force them to either remain in homes that no longer suit their needs or relocate entirely. This lack of housing choice can hinder older adults' ability to age in place and maintain their independence within their community. Households vary widely in shape, size, and needs, with each one having its own set of preferences. Several key factors determine what kind of housing a household may require or desire, including: - Household income and affordability; - Number of people living in the household; - Age and relationships of household members; - Presence of children; - Storage needs, additional bedrooms, or specific types of spaces; - Accessibility needs, which may evolve over time; and - Other personal needs or lifestyle preferences. Feedback during the engagement process indicated the desire to build housing that is affordable, near services and the downtown with a mix of uses. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 53 While many people may aspire to live in a large, detached home, that option isn't always practical or necessary for everyone. Other housing types may better suit a household's specific needs, and often at a more affordable cost. It is important to distinguish between housing wants and housing needs, and to recognize that secure, comfortable housing does not look the same for everyone. What is ideal for one household may be very different from what works best for another, and this diversity should be reflected in the housing options available in Wiliams Lake. Land use plan designations related to housing include: Residential (detached homes, multi-plexes, apartments) and Mixed- use (buildings with commercial and residential). KEY HOUSING CHALLENGES - The Housing Needs Report Method calculation estimates a need for 1,547 new housing units between 2021-2041; - Only 570 homes have been added to the community over the last 20 years; - 40% of households can afford to spend no more than $1,500 per month on housing; - One-person households are seeing the largest increase of all household types; - Over half of all homes are the most expensive housing form - single detached houses; - The housing stock is aging - 63% of homes in Williams Lake were built before 1980; and - An aging population indicates a need for smaller, one-level, and accessible homes for seniors to downsize into as their needs change. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 54 OBJECTIVES + POLICIES Objective 5.1. Improve housing affordability by reducing the number of households spending more than 30% of their income on housing. Policy 5.1.1. Support, partner and advocate for affordable housing development including: - Seniors' housing; - Family housing; - Low-income housing; and - Rental housing. Policy 5.1.2. Create or update the Housing Strategy after each legislatively required Housing Needs Report to support the development of market and affordable housing with up-to- date information and programs. Policy 5.1.3. Consider establishing a policy to incentivize a percentage of affordable units in larger multi-unit developments. Policy 5.1.4. Explore opportunities to leverage City-owned land for affordable housing. Policy 5.1.5. Explore opportunities to co-locate senior government- funded affordable housing with new municipal services and amenities when they are built. Policy 5.1.6. Work with community organizations to maintain a registry of affordable and safe rental housing. Policy 5.1.7. Support the continuation of the Rent Bank by ensuring funds are available to continue providing affordable rental housing. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 55 Objective 5.2. Diversify the housing stock by expanding the range of home types, price-points, and features. Policy 5.2.1. Encourage a range of housing forms and tenures--such as ground- oriented, modular, manufactured, and apartment homes--across major developments, subdivisions, and neighbourhoods to create complete and inclusive communities. Policy 5.2.2. Monitor the uptake of secondary suites, accessory dwelling units, and small-scale residential housing and revise regulations if necessary to support their development. Policy 5.2.3. Consider establishing policies to incentivize rental housing. Policy 5.2.4. Review the Revitalization Tax Exemption Bylaw to support uptake and encourage and incentivize mixed-use and multi-unit housing development in the Downtown Core. Policy 5.2.5. Consider establishing a large household and family-friendly housing policy requiring a share of homes in multi-unit developments of five or more units to have a minimum share of 2+ and/or 3+ bedroom units. Policy 5.2.6. Encourage the inclusion of amenities in multi-unit housing that reflect Williams Lake's active lifestyle and enhance livability, such as secure storage for bicycles, canoes, and other recreational equipment. Objective 5.3. Increase access to emergency and supportive housing, long-term care, and special needs housing. Policy 5.3.1. Continue to advocate to senior levels of government for additional services, emergency shelters, transitional housing, and long-term supportive housing for those experiencing poverty, substance use challenges, and homelessness. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 56 Policy 5.3.2. Use housing agreements to secure different types of affordable and supportive units for the long term, including seniors, accessible, and adaptable units. Policy 5.3.3. Support development of housing options to rapidly re- house those experiencing homelessness including shelters, transitional housing, and supportive housing. Policy 5.3.4. Allow supportive housing, long-term care, and special needs housing in all core and mixed-use land use designations and zones. Policy 5.3.5. Encourage housing developments to include universal design and aging in place features in the units. Objective 5.4. Establish protections for renters, rental housing, and affordable housing to reduce experiences of homelessness and housing unaffordability. Policy 5.4.1. Adequately enforce the Good Neighbour (Standards of Maintenance) Bylaw to ensure basic levels of maintenance for rental housing to maintain minimum standards of comfort and safety. Policy 5.4.2. Review and modernize the City's Strata Conversion Policy to ensure conversions do not reduce the affordable rental housing stock in Williams Lake. Policy 5.4.3. Update the City's Mobile Home Park Bylaw to encourage a high standard of design in manufactured home developments. Policy 5.4.4. When funding is available, work with non-profit partners to encourage and facilitate the acquisition of existing market rental units to convert to non-profit management. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 57 6. Economy + Jobs Guiding Question How can we build on our community's strengths to create a thriving, inclusive economy - one that reduces income inequality, supports workforce participation, promotes agriculture and sustainable practices for long-term prosperity? Background Williams Lake's economy is a fundamental driver of the community's development and sustainability. A thorough understanding of its historical context, current conditions, and future objectives is crucial for informed and effective decision-making. PATTERNS + CONTEXT Williams Lake has long served as the central hub for business, industry, and services in the Cariboo Chilcotin region. Residents from surrounding communities frequently depend on the city for employment opportunities and essential services. The local economy is primarily driven by key sectors such as mining, agriculture (particularly cattle ranching), and forestry. These resource-based industries are complemented by a diverse range of Downtown © City of Williams Lake City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 58 service sectors including retail, professional services, government agencies, healthcare, transportation, tourism, recreation, and cultural activities. However, the economy's heavy reliance on resource industries, especially forestry and mining, makes it vulnerable to global market fluctuations. The forestry sector, in particular, has faced significant challenges, including mill closures and international trade disputes. Declining timber supplies, market volatility, and high operational costs have contributed to the closure of mills, leading to job losses and economic uncertainty in communities that depend on forestry. Additionally, trade issues such as tariffs on Canadian lumber exports to the United States have undermined the sector's profitability, limiting competitiveness and hindering growth. CURRENT ECONOMIC LANDSCAPE Williams Lake's workforce participation rate stands at 61%, a decline from 65% recorded in 2016. As of 2021, the median individual income in Williams Lake is $40,800, and the median household income is $76,500. Both individual and household incomes have grown since the 2016 Census, with median individual income rising by nearly 20%. Between 2016 and 2021, inflation increased by 11%. During the same period, median household income also rose by approximately 11%, indicating that household incomes have essentially kept pace with inflation, maintaining stable purchasing power. Figure 3: Median Individual and Household Income, City of Williams Lake, 2016-2021 Source: Statistics Canada, Census Data INDIVIDUAL INCOME HOUSEHOLD INCOME $34,093 $30,494 $33,012 $40,800 $36,800 $40,800 City of Williams Lake Cariboo Chilcotin Region British Columbia 2016 2021 $68,831 $63,638 $69,995 $76,500 $72,000 $85,000 City of Williams Lake Cariboo Chilcotin Region British Columbia 2016 2021 City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 59 Economic pressures, alongside workforce and labour challenges, highlight the urgent need for diversification and innovation within the forestry sector, as well as strategic efforts to secure fair trade agreements that protect local businesses and workers. Williams Lake has made it a priority to diversify its economy and create sustainable, long- term employment opportunities to boost resilience and stability, enabling the community to better withstand and recover from external shocks. Key priorities for the coming years include: - Attracting and retaining skilled professionals; - Promoting well-paying jobs that align with residents' needs; and - Supporting local businesses and services to foster economic growth. Supporting businesses of all sizes is essential, as each plays a vital role in job creation and economic stability. Concerns remain about the impact of regulatory restrictions on resource extraction, particularly given the reduced timber supply caused by wildfires and provincial policies. Delays in approvals for mining and logging projects continue to present significant challenges. There is a clear need for a more diverse and resilient economy to secure Williams Lake's long-term future. Power plant in the City of Williams Lake. © City of Williams Lake City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 60 ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTORS The City of Williams Lake plays a key role in economic development, focusing on industrial and commercial growth. It provides infrastructure and services to support current businesses and future expansion, ensuring access to major transportation networks like highways and airports. The City promotes diverse economic activities by creating zones for low-impact industries and encouraging value-added manufacturing and creative enterprises. These efforts align with strategic plans such as the Thrive Poverty Reduction Strategy and the Regional Airport Investment Master Plan. Effective land use planning balances commercial and industrial growth with environmental preservation to support sustainable development. Commercial growth enhances the local economy by revitalizing downtown, supporting diverse businesses, aiding entrepreneurs, and attracting tourists. Industrial development attracts investment, creates jobs, drives innovation, and diversifies the economy for greater resilience and competitiveness. Through these efforts, the City is committed to nurturing a vibrant commercial and industrial sector, contributing to the overall economic prosperity and long-term growth of Williams Lake. But the City cannot enhance the economic conditions alone, and requires other contributors to achieve the collective aspirations: - Developers invest in property and infrastructure, transforming plans into functional, attractive developments that enhance the city's economic appeal while ensuring regulatory compliance; - Non-profit organizations provide essential support services, advocate for sustainable practices, and work alongside the City to address socio-economic challenges and promote inclusive growth; Engagement feedback indicated the importance of attracting and retaining skilled workers. Retention of healthcare professionals was identified as a critical focus area, underscoring the need for strategic workforce solutions and stronger support for local businesses. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 61 - First Nations offer cultural insights and perspectives, ensuring projects respect Indigenous heritage and create equitable opportunities through partnerships and traditional knowledge integration; - Investors and funders supply critical financial resources, enabling large-scale projects, innovation, and job creation to sustain long-term economic stability; and - Other interest-holders, including community groups, contribute advocacy, public engagement, and local insights, helping align development with community needs. Together, these different groups work together to support Williams Lake's economic growth. Their combined efforts help build a strong, thriving, and sustainable industrial and commercial sector that benefits everyone in the community. AGRICULTURE Agriculture is an important sector of the regional economy. Although there are very few large tracts of agricultural land within the City limits, the City of Williams Lake is surrounded by Agriculture Land Reserve (ALR) lands in the Cariboo Regional District (CRD). The City supports agriculture by encouraging local and regional agricultural - related enterprises and plays an important role as the agricultural service center for the region. The City will continue to support the Agricultural Land Commission and its policies while exploring opportunities to support local food systems and urban agriculture throughout the city. Land use plan designations related to the economy include: Commercial (stores, restaurants, hair salons, car dealerships), Light and Heavy Industrial (storage units, saw mills and cement plants) and Mixed-Use (residential and commercial buildings). Regenerative Agriculture © TRU Williams Lake City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 62 OBJECTIVES + POLICIES Objective 6.1. Create places to work and provide support for businesses. Policy 6.1.1. Diversify the economy by supporting a broad range of industries, including resource extraction, tourism, cleantech, high-tech, utilities, manufacturing (general and value-added), agriculture and food processing, transportation and logistics, communications and digital industries, artificial intelligence (AI), craft industries, commercial services, and retail. Policy 6.1.2. Support remote work, live-work and home-based businesses. Policy 6.1.3. Support small-scale co-working spaces and remote work hubs in the downtown to attract professionals, freelancers and newcomers seeking lifestyle migration. Policy 6.1.4. Support startups and businesses going through transition with workspace, mentorship, and networking programs. Policy 6.1.5. Allocate land for institutions and facilities that train in- demand jobs such as healthcare, trades and emerging technologies. Policy 6.1.6. Promote land use initiatives to extend the growing season, establish food storage facilities, and create a local food production network to ensure sustained availability. Policy 6.1.7. Encourage and facilitate the development of both year- round and seasonal farmers' markets to provide access to healthy food options. Policy 6.1.8. Support community groups assisting producers to increase the shelf space for local products at commercial food retailers. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 63 Policy 6.1.9. Encourage businesses to locally source and contribute to the circular economy (e.g. repair shops, reuse centres, upcycled products). Policy 6.1.10. Create opportunities for energy generating facilities to support the energy demand for Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology for business use, such as biomass energy production from forestry waste. Policy 6.1.11. Foster collaboration with Indigenous Peoples by implementing Truth and Reconciliation Commission's Call to Action #92 into economic development. Policy 6.1.12. Promote Indigenous economic participation through procurement, employment, and business opportunities. Policy 6.1.13. Support Indigenous-led, partnered, or owned commercial and industrial businesses. Policy 6.1.14. Foster an inclusive business environment for diverse entrepreneurs and owners. Policy 6.1.15. Encourage accessible workspaces and employment opportunities for people with disabilities. Policy 6.1.16. Encourage local businesses to implement living wage policies and explore updating the municipal purchasing policy to prioritize suppliers and contractors in compliance with living wage. Policy 6.1.17. Establish a Business Improvement Area for the North End Industrial Lands. Policy 6.1.18. Promote the airport as a hub for aviation-related businesses, tourism, and Light Industrial activities. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 64 Objective 6.2. Enhance the image of Williams Lake to attract investment, promote economic development and support downtown vibrancy. Policy 6.2.1. Create a new Economic Development Strategy. Policy 6.2.2. Create a modern branding strategy for the City to guide the built environment and economic marketing materials. Policy 6.2.3. Collaborate with local tourism associations to promote local food production and products, the airport, and local businesses as destination attractions. Policy 6.2.4. Strengthen tourism infrastructure and cultural appeal by creating year-round venues, promoting public art, sports and event tourism. Policy 6.2.5. Support the Business Improvement Association on downtown enhancement programs, including beautification and the programming of events that animate the downtown for residents and visitors. Policy 6.2.6. Extend downtown business hours and offer incentives to attract and support local businesses and services. Policy 6.2.7. Promote off-hour activation in commercial areas such as events, festivals, evening markets and cultural programming to increase downtown vitality after business hours. Policy 6.2.8. Consider repurposing industrial lands on unstable slopes south of Mackenzie Avenue into an industrial heritage park. Policy 6.2.9. Collect data, conduct research and track economic impacts. Circulate information to businesses to promote resilient economic development. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 65 Policy 6.2.10. Strengthen partnerships to get local products to market such as working with Indigenous partners, Chamber of Commerce, Community Futures, Downtown Williams Lake Business Improvement Association, Export Development Canada, Northern Development Initiatives Trust, BC Business Council, Rail and Port Authorities and business networks across trade corridors. Objective 6.3. Recognize and support the importance of agricultural activities to the economy of Williams Lake and the surrounding area. Policy 6.3.1. Support the Cariboo Regional District with the implementation of applicable recommendations from the 2022 Cariboo Agricultural Plan. Policy 6.3.2. Recognize that land located in the Agricultural Land Reserve designation is subject to the Agricultural Land Commission Act. Policy 6.3.3. Preserve lands that have agricultural capability for farming. Policy 6.3.4. Encourage active farming on lands within the Agricultural Land Reserve within and adjacent to the City boundary. Policy 6.3.5. Recognize that fill placement, soil removal and aggregate removal within the Agricultural Land Reserve is subject to the Agricultural Land Commission Act. Policy 6.3.6. Permit agriculture in all land use designations including Light Industrial, Heavy Industrial, and Airport Industrial. Policy 6.3.7. Ensure that any boundary extension requests have minimal impact on agricultural lands. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 66 Objective 6.4. Support agricultural activities in the Agricultural Land Reserve and the mandate of the Agricultural Land Commission. Policy 6.4.1. Direct uses that may interfere with agricultural activities away from land that has high agricultural capability. Policy 6.4.2. Work closely with the Agricultural Land Commission in addressing future exclusions from the Agricultural Land Reserve in areas designated for non-agricultural use. Policy 6.4.3. Create a policy establishing a procedure and a set of criteria for the City to follow when responding to requests from private landowners to exclude their property from the Agricultural Land Reserve. Industrial Lands © City of Williams Lake City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 67 7. Heritage, Archaeology, + Culture Guiding Question How can we more effectively recognize, celebrate and preserve the diverse heritage and cultures that shape the Williams Lake community? Background The City of Williams Lake is situated on the traditional territory of Williams Lake First Nation (T'exelc) and bordered to the north by Xatśūll First Nation. Nearly 25% of Williams Lake's population is Indigenous, emphasising the city's role as a central hub for Indigenous services and culture in the Cariboo-Chilcotin region. The rest of the population includes people from regions and cultures across the globe. Integrating the heritage of all peoples and communities into the arts and culture sector of Williams Lake involves not only promoting local artists and cultural events but also preserving cultural resources and archaeological sites. This includes fostering a sense of the past and vision for our future through recognition of, and appreciation for, pre- and post-contact natural and built heritage, including the City's rich fishing, hunting, agricultural, railroad and logging history. Moose Statue at the Williams Lake First Nation office at Quigli Drive. © Williams Lake First Nation City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 68 ARCHAEOLOGY The pre-colonial history of Williams Lake is deeply rooted in the longstanding presence of First Nations people on the landscape. The Secwepemc peoples' connection to the land predates the settlement of Williams Lake by thousands of years. The land is home to significant expressions of First Nations heritage, including the remains of villages, hunting and food processing areas, tool-making sites, burial locations, and other cultural belongings that reflect generations of knowledge, stewardship, and cultural continuity. As of 2025, the Official Community Plan (OCP) area contains many documented and undocumented archaeological sites. These sites are not merely historical resources, they are the cultural heritage, ancestral belongings, and intellectual property of Williams Lake First Nation (WLFN). Their protection, management, and interpretation are integral to upholding Aboriginal rights, laws, and responsibilities. In British Columbia, all archaeological sites, both known and unknown, are protected under the Heritage Conservation Act, which applies to land under both public and private ownership. As archaeological sites are found, they are recorded in the Provincial Heritage Register (PHR), which can be referenced by municipal staff in making planning and development-based decisions. Any land-altering activity within an archaeological site requires a provincial heritage permit issued under the Heritage Conservation Act. However, it is important to recognize Sugar Cane Archaeology Conducting an Assessment on Pinchbeck Hill © Monica Lamb-Yorski City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 69 that many archaeological sites are not visible on the surface, have not been the subject of research or survey, and therefore may not be recorded in the PHR. The PHR database only reflects those that have been formally identified and recorded. It is important to integrate Williams Lake First Nation engagement into these processes, so that the risk of inadvertent damage to sites and belongings is lessened. The OCP also recognizes that in alignment with the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP), Particularly Articles 11, 12, and 31, Indigenous Peoples have the right to maintain, control, protect, and develop their cultural heritage, traditional knowledge, and cultural expressions, as well as the right to protect their sacred and archaeological sites. The municipal and provincial commitment to upholding UNDRIP, through the Declaration Act, is of critical importance when planning or developing land in Williams Lake. The City of Williams Lake has a key responsibility to support landowners and developers in protecting archaeological resources and complying with provincial legislation. As the central coordinator of development applications, the City must ensure applicants are made aware that an archaeological assessment may be required before any land- altering activity can proceed. This includes providing clear guidance on the Heritage Conservation Act and referring applications to the Provincial Archaeology Branch where needed. Through the creation of a protocol, the City will work closely with Williams Lake First Nation to ensure archaeological and cultural heritage sites are identified, respected, and managed appropriately. This includes informing landowners and developers of their responsibilities early in the process, facilitating timely communication with Williams Lake First Nation, and supporting compliance with both legal and ethical obligations. Nesikip Traditional Projectile Point, ~6,500 Years Before Present © Williams Lake First Nation City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 70 In addition, the City has a direct responsibility to safeguard archaeological sites and artifacts during the planning and execution of its own public works and capital projects. Depending on the archaeological findings the City must work directly with a professionally qualified archaeologist, the Archaeology Branch, and First Nations to develop culturally appropriate mitigation management, and preservation strategies. By embedding these principles into planning and development processes, the City can support responsible land use and development, reduce landowner and developer risk, and ensure First Nations cultural heritage is respectfully protected and meaningfully acknowledged. CELEBRATION OF ARTS + CULTURAL DIVERSITY Williams Lake boasts a diverse population, with residents from various backgrounds and cultures. Celebrating these vibrant cultures not only enhances the overall well-being of the community but also strengthens the arts and culture sector. Additionally, the tourism generated by cultural events can have a positive impact on the local economy. There are both economic and social benefits for the municipality in continually supporting and promoting heritage, arts, and culture within the community. Supporting all community members, is an important way that Williams Lake can continue to grow and advance reconciliation efforts. Providing the space for all cultures in the What is the Heritage Conservation Act? A provincial law that enables the identification, protection, and management of about 60,000 heritage sites in B.C. The provincial Archaeology Branch is responsible for maintaining and distributing archaeological information, overseeing archaeology assessments, and issuing permits to allow development within or near known protected sites. The Act is currently under review to align more closely with the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples Act, through the Heritage Conservation Act Transformation Project. Engagement feedback indicated more could be done to recognize the local First Nations history and heritage in the community. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 71 community to be celebrated can help everyone feel a sense of belonging and allow for all residents to gain an appreciation for different cultures. There are many ways a municipality can do this, including public art and murals, supporting or hosting cultural events and festivals, supporting cultural institutions, and promoting diverse cuisine in public markets and city events. Creating and showcasing spaces for local artisans adds vibrancy to communities, encouraging social interaction and a sense of belonging. These spaces also strengthen cultural resilience by helping preserve local history, traditions, languages, and civic identity. Honouring the community's diverse heritage, culture, and art fosters civic pride by supporting community events, showcasing local artists through public art, and raising awareness and education about cultural diversity. Embracing cultural diversity benefits municipalities in many ways, including enhancing social well-being, driving economic growth and tourism, enriching education, and promoting active civic participation. Land use plan designations related to heritage and culture include: Institutional (museums, visual and performing arts facilities, and cultural centres). Station House Gallery © City of Williams Lake City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 72 OBJECTIVES + POLICIES Objective 7.1. Celebrate, support, and respect the traditional knowledge, heritage, language and culture of local First Nations in the community. Policy 7.1.1. Establish a framework for Indigenous relationship building including partnership opportunities with Wiliams Lake First Nation and neighbouring First Nations to support Indigenous-led events, language and culture revitalization, education and inclusion in accordance with United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP) and the Provincial Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples Act (2019). Policy 7.1.2. Increase awareness and education for residents and visitors of traditional culture, language and heritage through initiatives such as interpretive signage, place naming and cultural information. Policy 7.1.3. Work with the local First Nations communities to preserve, protect, and celebrate local First Nations art, culture, heritage and festivals and incorporate those within the community. Policy 7.1.4. Establish a framework with Williams Lake First Nation for key trails and recreation areas ensuring cultural values, language, stories, and markings are incorporated Objective 7.2. Identify, protect, and maintain significant cultural and natural heritage sites and resources. Policy 7.2.1. In close collaboration and partnership with Williams Lake First Nation, the City of Williams Lake will proactively develop and implement a meaningful process to identify, protect, and respectfully manage archaeological, cultural, and heritage resources. Developed through ongoing process, this includes: City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 73 Early Planning, Desktop Review, Proactive Engagement, Legislative Compliance, and First Nations Participation. 7.2.1.1. The City will work with proponents, landowners and developers to promote early and proactive planning processes. Proactive planning, and early identification of potential conflicts with archaeological sites helps prevent unintentional violations of the Heritage Conservation Act (HCA), minimizes development delays, and safeguards cultural heritage resources that are intrinsically valuable to First Nations. 7.2.1.2. The City of Williams Lake will review proposed developments to identify conflicts with protected archaeological sites by accessing the Remote Access to Archaeological Data (RAAD) system. While RAAD can offer initial insights into archaeological site locations and data, it is not a comprehensive, or exhaustive, source. RAAD is limited to existing records and is not reflective of unrecorded or undiscovered sites. 7.2.1.3. The City of Williams Lake currently utilizes the existing provincial Archaeological Overview Assessment (AOA) model in its Desktop Review process. To ensure a more accurate and locally relevant approach, the City will co-develop a new AOA in partnership with Williams Lake First Nation, specific to the municipal area and surrounding lands. 7.2.1.4. Work towards establishing a protocol for coordinated engagement with Williams Lake First Nation to collaboratively manage and mitigate development-related impacts on archaeological sites. If a potential conflict with an archaeological site is identified during a development or planning process, the City of Williams Lake will proactively engage with landowners and developers to ensure a Registered Professional Consulting Archaeologist (RPCA) is involved in developing and implementing appropriate management and mitigation recommendations in accordance with the Heritage Conservation Act. This process will be carried out City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 74 in conjunction with the future engagement protocol with Williams Lake First Nation noted in Policy 7.2.5. 7.2.1.5. The City of Williams Lake will utilize the Heritage Conservation Act (HCA) to help ensure the protection of archaeological sites, which are legally protected under the Act and cannot be altered or disturbed without a permit issued by the BC Archaeology Branch. The City will proactively report any contraventions of the HCA to the BC Archaeology Branch. 7.2.1.6. The City of Williams Lake will apply all relevant legislation in relation to heritage management, including the requirements of the Heritage Conservation Act (HCA). The City will also work to incorporate relevant heritage policies and protocols of Williams Lake First Nation, as applicable, in the identification, protection, and management of cultural heritage resources. Policy 7.2.2. The City of Williams Lake will safeguard archaeological sites during the planning and execution of its public works and capital projects through implementation of Archaeological Impact Assessments (AIAs) at project locations, as appropriate, to identify and mitigate potential impacts to archaeological sites in advance of land-altering activities. Objective 7.3. Promote and support arts and culture programs, events, and facilities. Policy 7.3.1. Work with the arts community to incorporate additional art in public spaces and community facilities, such as street beautification, placemaking, and public art displays. Policy 7.3.2. Continue to support the preservation of all Williams Lake history and heritage through the museum, education, interpretive initiatives and celebration of all cultures, including the support for relevant First Nations exhibits in the museum and other spaces. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 75 Policy 7.3.3. Continue to support the Central Cariboo Arts and Culture Society and its affiliates for arts and culture programs, events and initiatives. Policy 7.3.4. Celebrate agricultural heritage by supporting agricultural events and festivals. Objective 7.4. Promote multiculturalism and diversity. Policy 7.4.1. Continue to develop initiatives to support multiculturalism and diversity in the City. Policy 7.4.2. Look for opportunities to celebrate Williams Lake's growing diversity through promotion of festivals, cultural events, and public awareness campaigns. Policy 7.4.3. Collaborate with community organizations and businesses to host community events, festivals, and cultural programs. Policy 7.4.4. Work with community organizations to ensure that there are adequate settlement services for newcomers to Williams Lake. Policy 7.4.5. Ensure place of worship and cultural gathering spaces are prioritized in land use planning. Williams Lake Stampede Grounds © City of Williams Lake City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 76 8. Social Well-being + Inclusion Guiding Question How do we improve social well-being, inclusion, and health for all community members? Background Social well-being and inclusion are essential foundations for a healthy and thriving community. Social well-being is influenced by a wide range of factors, including economic stability and employment, access to social services and supports, food security, housing, parks and recreation, health care, and the reduction of racism, health inequities, and barriers to public and cultural safety. As Williams Lake continues to grow and change, it is vital to address the evolving needs of community members. Factors such as population migration, limited economic opportunities, discrimination, racism, health issues, public safety and rising living costs can all significantly affect social well-being. To address these challenges, the City takes a holistic approach to planning for all ages and abilities and collaborates with others such as the Accessibility Advisory Committee, the Williams Lake & Area Social Planning Council, Cariboo Regional District Library and health care organizations to After my injury at age 15, I received assistance, support and guidance from the amazing community of Williams Lake. I am so grateful to the teachers, coaches, mentors, friends. and family who embraced the notion of what I could be. From the Rick Hansen, Man in Motion Statue Rick Hansen Man in Motion Tour Statue City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 77 develop strategies to respond to community needs. The City supports local nonprofits through funding, grants and facility/land leases and actively advocates for the community's social needs. Williams Lake functions as a regional hub for the Cariboo-Chilcotin area, offering essential social services to residents and those from surrounding communities. To build a more liveable community, the City has developed comprehensive strategic plans and policies in partnership with government agencies, First Nations and community groups. These plans target a range of social well-being priorities, including accessibility, poverty reduction, public safety, and childcare support, including: - Williams Lake Childcare Needs Assessment and Action Plan (2020); - Thrive: Poverty Reduction Strategy (2021); - Accessibility and Inclusion Plan (2023); and - Seniors Home-Sharing Planning Project Final Report (2023). Recognizing the region's diverse population, the City remains committed to advancing equity, inclusion, and diversity in all aspects of social well-being. Social equity is defined by the American Planning Association as a collective aspiration that refers to the "just and fair inclusion in a society so that all can participate, prosper, and reach their full potential." Every Child Matters Crosswalk - Opening Ceremony © City of Williams Lake Engagement feedback indicated a desire to support community members of all ages, abilities and backgrounds. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 78 Local government can consider equity in the social, economic, environmental, and cultural realms within a municipality. By engaging with the community, the City can get a better picture of the lived experiences of residents to better support and understand the challenges and opportunities that concern the community. OBJECTVIES + POLICIES Objective 8.1. Support an accessible community that provides opportunities for all ages and abilities. Policy 8.1.1. Support the implementation of the Accessibility and Inclusion Plan in collaboration with the Accessibility Advisory Committee. Policy 8.1.2. Work with Interior Health, senior advocacy groups, the Cariboo Regional District, and local First Nations to advocate for increased programs for seniors and subsidized seniors assisted living. Land use plan designations related to social well-being include: Institutional (seniors centres, schools, child care, libraries, social services and hospitals). City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 79 Policy 8.1.3. Refer to the Rick Hansen Foundation Accessibility Certification Guidelines (RHFAC) when planning or implementing improvements to enhance accessibility. Objective 8.2. Encourage the advancement of social planning programs, health partnerships, library services and support for non-profit organizations. Policy 8.2.1. Support local community organizations and non-profits to develop and implement plans, policies, and programs related to community and social well-being and encourage volunteerism within the community. Policy 8.2.2. Work with the Cariboo Regional District, Williams Lake First Nation, Social Planning Council of Williams Lake and Area, and other local organizations to reduce poverty using the pillars identified in the THRIVE: Poverty Reduction Strategy. Policy 8.2.3. Continue to build relationships with health care partners to leverage funding and partnerships to develop health care facilities, services, emergency response, healthcare worker attraction and retention plan, and local training opportunities for the next generation of healthcare professionals. Policy 8.2.4. Support non-profit organizations by providing City land or City- owned facility leases at a nominal rate. Policy 8.2.5. Continue to support and grow the City of Williams Lake Endowment Fund. Policy 8.2.6. Continue financial support for non-profit organizations through the City's grant programs or property tax exemptions. The City supports programs that help children, youth and families thrive - from affordable childcare and family services to recreation and youth engagement opportunities. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 80 Policy 8.2.7. Work with the Cariboo Regional District to provide accessible library services and resources to facilitate lifelong learning for residents of all ages, backgrounds and abilities. Objective 8.3. Support mental health, substance use programs and services for the unhoused population. Policy 8.3.1. Continue to support substance use treatment programs and facilities in appropriate locations. Policy 8.3.2. Continue to support mental health services for individuals and families. Policy 8.3.3. Continue to support agencies in the provision of services for people experiencing homelessness and those at risk. Policy 8.3.4. Continue to work with local community partners to ensure adequate access to warming and cooling stations in Williams Lake for people experiencing homelessness, and vulnerable populations. Objective 8.4. Support programs for children, youth, and families. Policy 8.4.1. Continue to advocate for the provision of quality, affordable childcare, early childhood development programs and family support programs that are accessible to all families. Policy 8.4.2. Support organizations that provide services to youth in the community and continue to provide services to youth and families through the recreation complex. The City works with community partners to support mental health, substance use services, and safe spaces for those experiencing homelessness in Williams Lake. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 81 Policy 8.4.3. Create targets for youth participation in recreation, climate action, and community infrastructure projects that include opportunities for engagement, education, employment, and training. Objective 8.5. Support programs that provide services for the senior population. Policy 8.5.1. Continue to support programs that allow seniors to age-in- place, such as better at-home programs. Policy 8.5.2. Advocate for garden and amenity spaces for seniors to participate and enjoy an active lifestyle. Policy 8.5.3. Continue to promote senior-focused activities through recreation programming and community organization partnerships. Policy 8.5.4. Maintain the senior's outdoor fitness park. Objective 8.6. Foster a resilient, locally focused food system that enhances ecosystems and community health. Policy 8.6.1. Identify sites for community gardens on public or private land. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 82 Policy 8.6.2. Support urban agriculture that uses integrated pest management practices. Policy 8.6.3. Encourage the use of locally sourced food and agricultural products in food services at the local Farmers' Market and other City-sponsored events. Policy 8.6.4. Support the expansion of garden spaces for children in education programs such as childcare facilities and within the school district. Policy 8.6.5. Support low-cost healthy food programs that include fresh local agricultural products and make available to low- income residents. Policy 8.6.6. Promote public awareness of the health and economic benefits of eating local and seasonal food and collaborate with community groups to share expertise in food production and processing. Metis Flag Raising © City of Williams Lake City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 83 9. Parks + Recreation Background Parks and recreation play a role in fostering the health and well-being of individuals and communities, and our natural environments are critical to the liveability of Williams Lake. Community members benefit from the city's many recreational facilities, parks, and trails, as well as access to a wide range of outdoor recreational opportunities in the region such as mountain biking, hiking, horseback riding, dirt biking, rock climbing, cross-country skiing, boating, swimming, canoeing, kayaking, and organized sports, such as pickleball, rugby, soccer, baseball, hockey, and rodeo events. In addition to parks, public spaces and gathering areas serve functional and community- building purposes. These spaces should be inviting, safe, comfortable, and accessible to people of all ages and abilities. Public art that doubles as street furniture or a play area for children can enhance their appeal. In 2011, the City created a Parks, Trails, Outdoor Recreation Master Plan - Imagine Our Parks 2020. Since then, many of the goals outlined in the Plan have been accomplished or are in progress. Any future updates to the Parks, Trails, Outdoor Recreation Master Plan should align with the guidance provided in this Plan. The 2025 Active Transportation Network Plan provides helpful direction regarding trail connections and improvements throughout the City. Guiding Question How can we provide accessible and affordable parks and recreation opportunities that promote public health, social connection, cultural inclusivity, and environmental stewardship? Public Realm Example: Bear Chairs in North Vancouver Artist: Dam De Nogales City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 84 Figure 4: Benefits of Parks + Recreation Indoor + Outdoor Recreation Facilities Indoor recreation facilities, including the Cariboo Memorial Recreation Complex, are highly valued and heavily used by the community. Owned by the Cariboo Regional District and operated under contract by the City of Williams Lake, the Complex includes: - Twin ice arenas; - West Fraser Aquatic Centre including the Fitness Center, and Sam Ketcham Memorial Pool; and - Gibraltar Room multi-purpose banquet/theatre space. Engagement feedback indicated a desire for more indoor recreation options such as an indoor soccer field to support year-round physical activity, and more spaces for youth. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 85 During the Canada Day weekend, the Williams Lake Stampede draws spectators and participants from across the globe to enjoy the celebrations. As the second-largest rodeo in Canada, after the Calgary Stampede, it has been a cherished tradition for over 100 years. The Stampede Grounds property is busy throughout the year and is home to 5 different user groups that each own and maintain the buildings on site, with an agreement for shared common areas. These groups include the Williams Lake Stampede Association, which also provides management of the Williams Lake Stampede Campgrounds; Long House, which is owned by the Cariboo Friendship Society; Williams Lake Curling Club; Williams Lake Trail Riders Association; and Gavin Lake Forest Education Society. The property includes the rodeo grounds and grandstand, an indoor riding arena, equestrian racetrack, cattle penning arena, and stables. The Gwen Pharis Ringwood Outdoor Theatre in Boitanio Park was named after the founder of the Williams Lake Studio Theatre Society. The outdoor theatre is an impressive timber-framed entrance to the many outdoor recreation opportunities in the park, including a skatepark, mountain bike skills park, disc golf course, climbing wall, dog park, and youth play structures. The Gwen Pharis Ringwood Outdoor Theatre in Boitanio Park is well used throughout the year. © City of Williams Lake City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 86 Kiwanis Park provides the community with a spray park, outdoor fitness equipment, youth play structures, tennis, and pickleball courts. Partnerships between the City, School District, and Thompson Rivers University, allows for broader recreation access for the community to play indoor sports during the winter months, with user agreements for gymnasium space. Located in the CRD outside of Williams Lake, the Esler Soccer Complex offers four grass fields and a clubhouse for the Williams Lake Youth Soccer Association. This also includes the Williams Lake Rugby Club and several baseballs fields. The City also works with Williams Lake Seniors Activity Centre to provide recreational programming for seniors at the Cariboo Memorial Recreation Complex. Ensuring accessibility to recreation remains a key priority to accommodate people of all ages, abilities and income levels. Parks + Trails Williams Lake features a variety of neighborhood parks, and an impressive array of trail systems. Scout Island provides a nature lovers' paradise with some of the best bird watching in B.C. Williams Lake is home to the Williams Lake Cycle Club, with more than 200 kilometres of single-track mountain bike trails that connect to the city. Williams Lake values fitness, social interaction, preserving environmental values, and protecting wildlife habitats. Trails connect the community and offer recreational opportunities. Balancing the demand for increased parks and recreation services with the need to maintain existing parks and open spaces is a challenge for the City. While maintenance and improvement of existing parks is funded through the City, new parks and trails are often supported through land development, partnerships, and amenity contributions. Fox Mountain Trail Sign City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 87 Lake and River Access Enhancing public access to the lake and river is key to the liveability of residents and enjoyment of Williams Lake. There is opportunity for the City to continue to work towards creating public lake access points through agreements with developers or landowners, as well as investing in access to public beaches and waterfront areas. The Waterfront Enhancement Plan is a strategic initiative aimed at improving the public access to the lakefront and establishing a new active transportation network along the RC Cotton and South Lakeside Drive area. River Valley Trail © City of Williams Lake Beach Access at Scout Island City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 88 Reconciliation Fostering collaboration and partnerships with local First Nations is essential to inclusive parks and recreational services. Reconciliation efforts can include: - Recognizing and incorporating Indigenous knowledge and cultural values into parks and recreation; - Supporting shared stewardship of land and resources; - Advancing public education on Indigenous history and culture; - Indigenous place naming for parks and trails; - Cultural celebrations; and - Integration of Indigenous heritage, language, and art into public spaces. This may involve features like interpretive signage that shares traditional histories and stories of the land. Williams Lake First Nation Pow Wow Arbor City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 89 Programming may focus on specific groups, such as youth or Elders, or offer broader public education through Indigenous-led initiatives related to traditional land use and outdoor activities, such as fishing, gathering, and ceremonial practices. Sp'akw'us Feather Park, formerly known as Nexen Beach, in Squamish is an example of cultural integration in the parks setting. The new playground was designed by local Indigenous youth and celebrates Sḵwx̱wú7mesh Úxwumixw culture and history through art, stories and active play. Our Williams Lake First Nation community is vibrant, proud, and strong. Our Elders have given us knowledge and wisdom which continues to guide us on a path of prosperity, while being grounded in our traditions and culture. - Chief Willie Sellars, Williams Lake First Nation Indigenous Peoples Day © City of Williams Lake Sp'akw'us Feather Park in Squamish Kiwanis Park Communication Board Sign © City of Williams Lake City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 90 ECOLOGICAL CONSERVATION The parks and trail systems are part of a broader ecological network, linking urban green spaces with regional corridors. These areas play a vital role in conserving biodiversity, protecting habitats, supporting carbon capture, and maintaining essential ecological connections between larger regional and provincial protected areas. They also deliver critical ecosystem services such as stormwater management, and mitigation of climate change impacts. The urban tree canopy offers shade, while the lake and river contribute natural cooling during hot weather. The Scout Island Nature Centre is a community centre for people and wildlife. It is a nature sanctuary where living things and their habitat are protected. Considered an important wildlife viewing area in the province of BC, it is a place where people can enjoy and learn about nature in the Cariboo-Chilcotin region. The land and waters of the Nature Centre, owned mostly by the Nature Trust of British Columbia, are designated as a public nature education facility - Scout Island Nature Centre Website Turtle Habitat at Scout Island City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 91 OBJECTIVES + POLICIES Objective 9.1. Provide accessible indoor and outdoor recreation facilities. Policy 9.1.1. Provide a range of diverse recreational opportunities for people of all ages and abilities, including low-barrier and low-cost recreational activities, and programs for an aging population. Policy 9.1.2. Continue to implement and expand community recreation facilities including: 1. indoor community centres such as community spaces, arenas, aquatic facilities, youth space, soccer and gymnasiums; and 2. outdoor recreation amenities such as courts, sport fields, spray parks, playgrounds, bike parks, and skateparks and include covered spaces and sheltered areas for use during inclement weather. Policy 9.1.3. Increase recreational opportunities in community parks, including Comer Park, Boitanio Park, and the Stampede Grounds. Policy 9.1.4. Collaborate and partner with all levels of government, First Nations, and local organizations to strengthen the recreational and natural assets in Williams Lake. Land use plan designations related to parks and recreation include Parks, Recreation and Natural Areas, and Institutional (Cariboo Memorial Recreation Centre). City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 92 Policy 9.1.5. Update the Parks, Trails, Outdoor Recreation Master Plan - Imagine Our Parks 2020 (2011) to align with the OCP's goals and objectives, and engage residents, neighbourhood and community groups, and other local interest holders. PARKS + TRAILS Objective 9.2. Maintain and improve trails and parks, ensuring sufficient land is available to support a connected system of outdoor spaces. Policy 9.2.1. Designate, develop, and expand public access to Williams Lake. Policy 9.2.2. Implement the Waterfront Enhancement Plan. Policy 9.2.3. Expand connected trail system as identified in in the City's Active Transportation Network Plan and encourage multi- use pathways to connect park and recreation spaces with neighbourhoods and the Downtown Core. Policy 9.2.4. Develop a parkland inventory and set provision targets for parks to ensure that demographic and geographic needs of the community is being met. Policy 9.2.5. Continue to support initiatives that enhance the public's awareness of the Williams Lake and Area Trail Network and promote Williams Lake as a destination for outdoor recreation. Policy 9.2.6. Ensure no net loss of park or trail amenities in development proposals and applications. Policy 9.2.7. Encourage developers or landowners to integrate new parks and trails, where appropriate, as part of land use development applications. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 93 Policy 9.2.8. Add improvements to local neighbourhood parks to improve access for nearby residents. Policy 9.2.9. Prioritize the protection, connection, and maintenance of key mountain biking areas and recreational trails through public access to Crown lands, trail corridors and rights-of- way, within the City and surrounding areas. Policy 9.2.10. Increase signage visibility along major transportation corridors, highlighting key traits, points of interest, and heritage sites within the community Objective 9.3. Provide safe, clean parks, trails, and gathering spaces. Policy 9.3.1. Maintain and design parks and trails to promote community pride, discourage vandalism, and support a wide range of activities. Policy 9.3.2. Consider appropriate signage and separation on multi-use paths to protect multiple users such as pedestrians and bikes. Policy 9.3.3. Include features in parks and public spaces such as picnic tables, benches, drinking water access, and public art to enhance comfort and accessibility. The Boitanio Bike Park in Boitanio Park is a popular stop for riders as they navigate Williams Lake's trail network. © City of Williams Lake City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 94 Policy 9.3.4. Work to provide access to year-round public toilets in Downtown Williams Lake. Policy 9.3.5. Improve Courthouse Square for community events, celebrations, and gatherings in the downtown. Objective 9.4. Collaborate with Williams Lake First Nation, urban Indigenous, and regional Indigenous communities to support reconciliation efforts through parks and recreation initiatives. Policy 9.4.1. Foster positive collaboration and partnerships with Williams Lake First Nation to build greater understanding, opportunities for education, and celebrating culture. Policy 9.4.2. Provide opportunities for Williams Lake First Nation, local Indigenous organizations and regional First Nation communities to engage in meaningful dialogue to contribute and expand the delivery of culturally safe community recreation services. Ride Your Ride Ladies Bike Fest © Julie Doerfling City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 95 Policy 9.4.3. Through collaboration with Williams Lake First Nation and other local First Nations, support the development and implementation of naming policies and signage for parks, trails and recreational facilities that reflect and consider First Nations culture, historical significance, and language. Objective 9.5. Balance recreation use within ecologically sensitive areas. Policy 9.5.1. Provide recreation opportunities within parks that do not unduly impact natural areas and ecosystems. Policy 9.5.2. Support responsible recreation tourism in designated areas to minimize environmental impact. Policy 9.5.3. Encourage the protection and growth of native flora and fauna. Policy 9.5.4. Consider sustainable design, construction, and maintenance best practices throughout parks, trails, and recreational facilities to address climate change. View from Scout Island © City of Williams Lake City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 96 10. Ecosystem Protection + Climate Action Guiding Question How can we preserve local ecosystems, support biodiversity, adapt to the effects of climate change, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions? Background The health of the community is closely linked to the condition of the natural environment, including the lands and water bodies within and surrounding the City of Williams Lake. Clean air, soil, water, and vibrant local ecosystems are vital to well-being and contribute significantly to attracting people to live, work, visit, and invest in Williams Lake. Responsible environmental stewardship ensures that nature's ability to provide essential resources and ecosystem services is preserved for future generations. Safeguarding these natural areas also contributes to economic, spiritual, and physical health and well-being. The City of Williams Lake plays a leading role in protecting local ecosystems through land use planning and water management and developing local climate adaptation and environmental plans. However, responsibility of local governments extends beyond local stewardship. The City has a shared responsibility to tackle climate change by adopting targets and effective measures to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions that support the health of the planet. Engagement feedback indicated support for protection against climate change and conversation of sensitive ecosystems. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 97 ECOSYSTEMS The City of Williams Lake is nestled around a sensitive riparian wetland, where the Williams Lake River flows into the lake. This area includes marshes, small islands, and shrubland that together provide rich natural habitats for birds, amphibians, and aquatic life. Protecting the long-term health of these riparian areas requires a clear understanding of their ecological value, potential threats, and effective conservation strategies. By documenting these habitats, assessing vulnerabilities, and identifying protective measures, the City can better preserve their biodiversity and ecological functions. One important tool available to municipalities is the use of Development Permit Areas (DPAs), designated in the OCP to require special consideration in development planning, especially for the protection of local ecosystems. Support from other levels of government strengthens these efforts. - The Province of British Columbia plays a key role by enacting environmental legislation, managing natural resources, providing policy guidance, and offering funding for hazard mitigation and climate adaptation. The Riparian Areas Protection Regulation (RAPR), enabled by Section 12 of the Riparian Areas Protection Act, requires applicable local governments to mandate environmental assessments for new developments within 30 metres of a water body to protect riparian ecosystems. Wildlife at City Hall © City of Williams Lake City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 98 Although these regulations do not currently apply to Williams Lake, the regulations may serve as a reference framework for guiding new development and protecting local riparian areas. - The federal government complements these actions by setting national environmental policies, coordinating disaster response, conducting research, and funding climate-related initiatives. Through collaboration among municipal, provincial, and federal governments, a more coordinated and comprehensive approach to environmental protection and climate adaptation can be achieved. CLIMATE RESILIENCY Mitigating and adapting to climate change is increasingly recognized as one of the most urgent challenges of our time. In Williams Lake, the effects of a rapidly changing climate are already visible. The community is experiencing more frequent heatwaves, prolonged droughts, forest degradation from pest infestations, increased wildfires, and a greater risk of flooding and landslides. Greenhouse gas emissions from continued reliance on fossil fuels are driving profound changes in both global and local ecosystems that have lasting consequences for future generations. Community Garden Planting © City of Williams Lake City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 99 Building a climate-resilient community capable of withstanding and adapting to these impacts requires close collaboration between the City of Williams Lake, local First Nations, businesses, and regional and provincial partners. Together, these groups must work to implement the following key climate resilience principles: - Community awareness and education: Ensure residents and businesses understand the local impacts of climate change and how to prepare for extreme weather events. - Contingency funding: Maintain adequate emergency reserves in the municipal budget to respond to unexpected damage to infrastructure. - Smart urban design: Incorporate features such as stormwater retention systems, urban tree canopy for carbon capture and shading, and clear emergency signage. - Emergency preparedness: Develop and regularly practice a coordinated emergency response plan involving all interest-holders. - Social connection: Foster strong community networks that can provide mutual support during emergencies. One example of proactive planning is the Heat Alert Response Plan, which addresses the growing threat of extreme heat events and their social and economic impacts. This policy is aligned with the Cariboo Climate Change Adaptation Program, a provincial initiative aimed at building resilience to climate impacts across the region. GREENHOUSE GAS REDUCTION TARGETS To address the growing challenges of climate change and meet provincial requirements under the Local Government Act, the City of Williams Lake must take a proactive role in Misting Station Set Up © City of Williams Lake City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 100 reducing its carbon footprint and helping the community adapt to the increasing impacts of climate change. This includes responding to more frequent and severe climate-related events such as heatwaves, droughts, and wildfires. Local governments are key players in climate action, with both the authority and a shared responsibility to reduce GHG emissions. The City has demonstrated its commitment to climate action by participating in two voluntary greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction frameworks: the BC Climate Action Charter and the Partners for Climate Protection (PCP) program. While broader goals are set at the federal and provincial levels, municipalities like Williams Lake have significant influence over local sustainability, especially through decisions related to land use, development, and transportation planning. These everyday planning tools directly affect how residents and businesses interact with their environment and contribute to building a more climate-resilient and sustainable community. Table 2: Climate Action Roles and Responsibilities Federal Government - National policies and targets - Incentives and taxes - Funding for projects reducing carbon footprint Provincial Government - Building Code, energy efficiency standards - Industry regulations - Renewable energy management - Management of natural resources Regional Government - Regional public transportation projects - Solid waste management - Land use in rural areas Municipality - Active transportation - Community energy systems - Education and awareness - Energy efficient public buildings - Land use and development - Public transportation First Nations - Self-determination of First Nations in climate in climate governance Agencies, Households, Businesses - Individual day-to-day decisions to reduce GHG emissions - Implementation of federal and provincial policies - Green innovations, resources City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 101 The City of Williams Lake has aligned with provincial and federal climate goals by committing to an 80% reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 2050 for all users, relative to 2007 levels. To achieve this long-term goal, the municipality has adopted the following GHG reduction milestones by 40% reduction by 2030, 60% reduction by 2040, and 80% reduction by 2050. These targets reflect the City's recognition of its role in influencing transportation choices, guiding sustainable land use, and supporting energy-efficient solutions across the community. These targets will be pursued through actions and policies within the City's jurisdiction and influence, reinforcing its commitment to climate leadership and local sustainability. Land use plan designations related to ecosystems protection include: Parks and Natural Areas. EV Charging Stations at City Hall © City of Williams Lake City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 102 OBJECTIVES + POLICIES Objective 10.1. Map, protect, and enhance natural areas to ensure their long-term conservation and to protect them from development. Policy 10.1.1. Work towards the development of an Ecosystem and Waterbody Protection Strategy to identify environmentally sensitive areas, establish protective and rehabilitative measures, and define targeted actions for their conservation. Policy 10.1.2. Identify environmentally sensitive areas affected by City projects and establish mitigation measures to ensure continued conservation. Policy 10.1.3. Use the provincial Riparian Areas Protection Regulation (RAPR) as a guide, to protect riparian ecosystems. Policy 10.1.4. Partner with Williams Lake First Nation on ecosystem protection and explore developing Indigenous Forest gardens that focus on the cultivation of native and culturally important species of plants for food and medicine. Policy 10.1.5. Partner with the Cariboo Regional District to identify strategies and management practices for Invasive Plants (Schedule 11). Policy 10.1.6. Ensure all new development along the lakefront or other watercourses integrates riparian area setback. Policy 10.1.7. Work to develop and implement an integrated invasive species management strategy, with partners, to reduce the spread of invasive species. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 103 Objective 10.2. Strengthen resilience and adapt to impacts of climate change. Policy 10.2.1. Encourage the use of low-water landscaping methods such as xeriscaping by planting native species on private land. Policy 10.2.2. Continue to incorporate xeriscaping into City-maintained parks, boulevards, and green spaces. Policy 10.2.3. Explore options for the use of residential water storage and capture technologies and grey water diversions for irrigating gardens. Policy 10.2.4. Ensure the City has sufficient contingency reserve to cover the damage to infrastructure caused by extreme weather events. Policy 10.2.5. Develop a communication and education strategy to educate residents about effective GHG reduction and climate change adaptation measures. Policy 10.2.6. Pilot climate change adaptation projects such as water retention features, community gardens, and enhanced tree canopy. Policy 10.2.7. Encourage extensive, indigenous, fire-resistant and non- intrusive landscaping, such as xeriscaping, and the preservation of existing vegetation, such as significant trees or significant vegetation corridors along streams, steep slopes and ravines, to green the neighbourhood while reducing environmental impacts of new developments. Policy 10.2.8. Provide leadership by designing water-wise/xeriscape landscaping for City-owned lands and facilities, to conserve water while ensuring proper maintenance and function. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 104 Policy 10.2.9. Continue to increase tree canopy on City lands, especially in areas with vulnerable residents as identified in the Heat Alert Response Plan (2023). Policy 10.2.10. Update the Tree Protection Bylaw to include tree canopy protection within the City especially in areas with vulnerable residents as identified in the Heat Alert Response Plan (2023). Policy 10.2.11. Ensure bids, tenders, and contracts for planning or infrastructure projects make reference to climate adaptation and resiliency. Objective 10.3. Work toward meeting greenhouse gas emissions reduction targets. Policy 10.3.1. Continue to make progress on climate action through mitigation and adaption efforts such as tracking energy use, sources of greenhouse gas emissions and opportunities for efficient solutions to enhance resiliency of the community. Policy 10.3.2. Monitor and report progress towards greenhouse gas reduction targets on an annual basis. Policy 10.3.3. Actively work towards interim greenhouse gas reduction targets for 2030, 2040, and 2050. Policy 10.3.4. Support upgrades of existing buildings to achieve net-zero emissions by 2060. Policy 10.3.5. Prioritize active transportation modes such as cycling and walking through enhancement of the pedestrian and cycling infrastructure. Policy 10.3.6. Adopt a reconciliation lens to the assessment of climate change impacts as well as mitigation and adaptation strategies. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 105 Policy 10.3.7. Collaborate and coordinate with First Nations, federal and provincial agencies and businesses on climate change mitigation and adaptation. Policy 10.3.8. Establish a comprehensive Climate Action Plan aimed at reducing the City's greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions while enhancing resilience to the impacts of climate change. Policy 10.3.9. Consider energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions in municipal maintenance and operations and before the purchase of City equipment, vehicles, and tools. The Scout Island Nature Centre is a nature conservatory teeming with birds and other wildlife located in the core of the city. © City of Williams Lake City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 106 11. Natural Hazards Guiding Question How do we protect life and property from natural hazards such as slope instability, wildfire, and flooding? Background Natural events such as wildfires, earthquakes, floods, and landslides pose significant threats to both life and property. Although these phenomena are part of the earth's natural geophysical and biological systems, their frequency and intensity are increasing due to ongoing climate change. These events become hazardous when they negatively affect people, infrastructure, or ecosystems. Proper planning can help reduce the associated risks, though avoiding development in high-risk areas is the most effective strategy, although not always feasible. Schedule 2.4 identifies natural hazard areas where development may be restricted or require an assessment by a qualified professional to accommodate new development. Hazardous areas include: - Flooding of the Williams Lake River and Lake; - Landslides within the Williams Lake River escarpment; - Landslides, both historical and active, with known earth movement; - Rockfall and falling hazards; - Slopes with gradients exceeding 30%; and - Wildfire risks. GEOTECHNICAL HAZARDS In 2022, the City retained Palmer Environmental Consulting Group (PECG) to prepare a desktop Geotechnical Hazard Area Mapping and Assessment (2023) ("Palmer Report") to map and characterize past, current, and potential geotechnical hazard areas within City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 107 and surrounding the city. The report identifies an elevated risk of landslides due to projected increases in temperature and precipitation in central British Columbia, and notes that climate- induced changes may increase the likelihood of erosion within the river valley. The report has identified some areas where development should be prohibited due to extreme risk to life and property, such as the River Valley bottom and escarpment areas and talus slopes. Schedule 2.4 identifies properties with potential hazards as discussed in the Palmer Report. Authorized under the Local Government Act, development permits regulate development in hazard areas and require any proposed development to adhere to the guidelines set out in Schedule 2.4. Under Section 56 of the Community Charter allows a Building Inspector to require a geotechnical report from a qualified professional certifying that land may be safely used in accordance with specified conditions, if the Building Inspector considers that construction is located on land that is, or is likely to be, affected by hazards such as flooding, mudflows, debris flows, debris torrents, erosion, landslides, rockfalls, subsidence, or avalanches. Before a building permit may be issued, the owner of the land must register a covenant in favour of the City under which the land will only be used in the manner certified as enabling its safe use and the owner will indemnify the City for any breach. The purpose of requiring a geotechnical report is to assess whether the land is suitable for the proposed building or structure and to obtain expert recommendations on the conditions needed to ensure its safe use. If there are indications of slope instability either above or below the proposed development site, the Building Inspector may determine that such a report is necessary. Additionally, in areas with unstable soil or water that is prone to degradation, the installation of septic tanks, drainage systems, disposal fields, irrigation systems, or water infrastructure will not be permitted. Section 86 of the Land Title Act allows an Approving Officer to require, as a condition of consent to an application for subdivision approval, a geotechnical report from a qualified professional certifying that land may be safely used or registration of a covenant on the resulting parcels, if the Approving Officer considers that the land is, or could reasonably be expected to be, subject to flooding, erosion, land slip or avalanche. Engagement feedback indicated the need to protect life and property from natural hazards. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 108 WILDFIRE HAZARDS Wildfires pose a threat to both natural ecosystems and urban areas in and around Williams Lake. Williams Lake is particularly vulnerable to wildfires due to its dry summers and forested landscape. Climate change, along with more frequent extreme heat events, has contributed to drier conditions across the region and province. These environmental changes are expected to intensify due to climate change, increasing the likelihood and severity of wildfires in the area. In the summer of 2017, the City of Williams Lake and the surrounding regions faced unprecedented threat in the face of historic wildfires in B.C. forcing the City's evacuation for almost two weeks. In 2024, a State of Local Emergency was declared after a fire broke out in the Williams Lake River Valley. While work to protect residents from the threat of a wildfire had already begun, the City ramped up its efforts in the following years resulting in the completion of the 2019 Williams Lake and Area Community Wildfire Protection Plan - Strategic Wildfire Prevention Initiative (CWPP). The CWPP, created in cooperation with the CaribooRegional District, Williams Lake Members from the Williams Lake Fire Department work to battle a wildfire in the Williams Lake River Valley in July of 2024. © City of Williams Lake City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 109 First Nation, and Xat'sull First Nation, was made possible through collaboration among multiple organizations including the BC Government, several interest groups, BC Wildfire Service, Fraser Basin Council, forestry consultants, Williams Lake Community Forest, BC Timber Sales, woodlot licensees, and forest industry representatives. Since the creation of the CWPP, significant progress has been made through the FireSmart program. Free FireSmart assessments are available through the City and tipping fees are waived for any woody debris generated from FireSmart activities on residential properties to encourage vegetation management among property owners. In partnership with BC Wildfire, the City conducts prescribed burns to reduce wildfire risk and improve ecosystem health. Frequent low severity 'cultural burning' has long been used by Indigenous Peoples to reduce fuels on the land, keep forests and grasslands healthy, and maintain a diverse understory of important plants. Wildfire Mitigation Project Fox Mountain © City of Williams Lake City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 110 Recognizing the wisdom of traditional ways, 'prescribed fires' are once again seen as a critical tool to reduce the fuel available to wildfires and promote healthy ecosystems. The City is in the process of developing a new Community Wildfire Resiliency Plan, which will examine the key factors influencing wildfire preparedness and response, guided by the seven FireSmart disciplines: education, emergency planning, vegetation management, legislation, development, interagency cooperation, and cross-training. Within each discipline, the plan will identify potential wildfire-related challenges and outline the necessary actions to mitigate or manage these risks. As shown in Schedule 2.5, the Wildfire Development Permit Area (DPA 5) applies to all new developments in areas at risk of wildfire. Proposed developments must follow guidelines for landscaping, building placement and design, and the types and locations of trees and vegetation near buildings. The goal of DPA 5 is to plan proactively and reduce wildfire risk, helping to keep the community safe. FLOOD HAZARDS In the spring of 2020, severe flooding in the Williams Lake River Valley triggered a State of Local Emergency and led to the evacuation of 86 residences and 11 industrial properties. The Tillion Indian Reserve #4 at the confluence of the Fraser River and Williams Lake Creek was also flooded. The flood, considered the region's most significant in roughly 200-years, was driven by unseasonably warm weather combined with an above-average mountain snowpack. The event caused widespread destruction to natural habitats and severely damaged River Valley Road and other City infrastructure, resulting in several million dollars in damages. WLFD Emergency Preparedness © City of Williams Lake City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 111 When examining the causes of flooding, it is also important to consider the impact of wildfires, industrial logging, and human development in floodplains. Wildfires can drastically change how a landscape absorbs and manages water by reducing soil permeability and increasing erosion, making the land more vulnerable to runoff and flooding. Consideration should be given to appropriate mitigation measures to reduce future flooding risk. OBJECTIVES + POLICIES Objective 11.1. Minimize the risk to life and property within geotechnical natural hazard areas. Policy 11.1.1. Require all development within the geotechnical natural hazard area in Schedule 2.4 to proceed through a development permit application process. Policy 11.1.2. Require a geotechnical report be prepared as part of the development and building permit process if the construction is on land Natural Hazards Development Permit Areas and Guidelines are found in Schedule 2.5. Fall flooding in the Williams Lake River Valley in 2020. © City of Williams Lake City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 112 that is subject to flooding, mud flows, debris flows, debris torrents, erosion, landslide, rockfalls, subsidence or avalanche. Policy 11.1.3. Prohibit re-grading, excavation, or tree removal within designated hazard areas unless supported by qualified professional advice confirming that the proposed works will not adversely affect land stability or increase erosion risk. Policy 11.1.4. Commission follow up geotechnical studies that include site visits and testing of hazard areas and amend the Steep Slopes, Landslide, and Escarpment Hazard Development Permit Area (DPA 4) and Guidelines as appropriate. Policy 11.1.5. Consider amending the land use in high-risk geotechnical areas identified in follow up geo-technical studies to Parks and Recreation, or Natural Areas and Conservation after an engagement process with property owners. Policy 11.1.6. Minimize the risk to life and property in the River Valley and Escarpment: 11.1.6.1. Prohibit development of habitable buildings in the River Valley bottom and escarpment areas. 11.1.6.2. Discourage development within 110 metres of the escarpment crest (geotechnical hazard assessment area in Schedule 2.4) as per the Palmer Report (2023) and require a site-specific geotechnical report documenting risks and mitigation strategies. 11.1.6.3. Limit essential infrastructure in River Valley with proper geotechnical design and regularly inspecting, maintaining, and enhancing protections, when feasible or possible. 11.1.6.4. Avoid or minimize new channel realignments to maintain channel lengths and balance energy expenditure along the river. 11.1.6.5. Preserve and restore riparian vegetation to contribute to riverbank stability. Policy 11.1.7. Minimize the risk to life and property related to rockfall. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 113 11.1.7.1. Prohibit development on talus slopes due to frequent rockfall risks. 11.1.7.2. Follow current bylaws and best practices for tree removal or ground re- grading as trees offer limited protection for smaller rockfall events. 11.1.7.3. Require site-specific assessments by qualified professionals for any development, including roads in runout zones, where habitable dwellings are inadvisable. Policy 11.1.8. Minimize the risk to life and property related to landslides. 11.1.8.1. Active or Inactive-Dormant: Generally unsuitable for development due to risks to life, property, or infrastructure. Some passive uses, like parkland or temporary storage, may be acceptable with a site-specific geotechnical assessment. 11.1.8.2. Inactive-Relict: May be suitable for certain types of development after a site-specific geotechnical assessment. Policy 11.1.9. Ensure that all hazard assessments prepared by qualified professionals are publicly accessible and available for reference within the community Policy 11.1.10. Minimize the risk to life and property related to steep slopes. 11.1.10.1. Prohibit development on slopes greater than 30% (16.7 degrees from horizontal) unless a site-specific geo-technical assessment addresses potential issues of land slippage, erosion and drainage issues, impacts of buildings in the areas and certifies the use as acceptable with mitigation measures such as extensive earthworks and/or retaining walls. 11.1.10.2. Erosion control to be designed by a qualified professional for any concentrated surface runoff. 11.1.10.3. No development should occur on talus slopes due to rockfall. 11.1.10.4. Existing critical transportation corridors should be reviewed for alternative egress routes in the event of rockfall blockage. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 114 Objective 11.2. Minimize the risk to life and property within wildfire natural hazard areas. Policy 11.2.1. Require all development within the Wildfire Development Permit Area (Schedule 2.5) to proceed through a Development Permit application process. Policy 11.2.2. Require proposed development within wildfire interface areas to be located and constructed in a way that makes them resilient to wildfires through use of FireSmart design and landscaping principles. Policy 11.2.3. Work with the Cariboo Chilcotin Conservation Society to update existing plant guides every 5 years to ensure a cohesive Water Wise and FireSmart plant guide. Policy 11.2.4. Continue to work in partnership with the BC Wildfire Service, to conduct prescribed burns year-round to reduce wildfire risk and improve ecosystem health. Policy 11.2.5. Promote FireSmart Guidelines on all municipal owned lands. Objective 11.3. Minimize the risk to life and property within flood hazard areas. Policy 11.3.1. Continue to follow and review the Cariboo Regional District Flood Hazard Assessment (2021) and create a Flood Hazard Development Permit Area to protect development and infrastructure from flooding. Policy 11.3.2. Consider naturalization of flood prone areas and include features like vegetation and wetlands to enhance the floodplain's ability to absorb floodwaters, improve water quality, and create healthier ecosystems and reduce impact of flooding on people and property. Policy 11.3.3. Work with property owners and a qualified professional to ensure proper stormwater management and flooding mitigation methods are implemented. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 115 12. Transportation Guiding Question What strategies can we implement to ensure the continued development and maintenance of a transportation system that is safe, accessible, sustainable, efficient, integrated, multi-modal, and affordable for the benefit of residents, visitors, and the economy? Background The city's transportation system includes municipal roadways, local transit services, walkways, pathways, cycling infrastructure, rail, and air transportation facilities. Effective planning and management of this system should ensure seamless integration with regional and provincial transportation networks and agencies, including provincial highways and rail lines, to support efficient movement of people and goods beyond the City's boundaries. This section outlines a broad range of transportation- related policies and objectives. These include support for active and convenient travel modes, infrastructure improvement strategies, and recommendations for further studies, such as a Transportation Master Plan. Engagement feedback indicated a connected transportation system with options for transit and walking is important. Pedestrian Bridge © City of Williams Lake City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 116 The City of Williams Lake does not have any identified deposits of sand and gravel located within the City boundary. The community relies on active sand and gravel extraction operations located outside of the City boundary which includes aggregate deposits within the Cariboo Regional District. OBJECTIVES + POLICIES Objective 12.1. Maintain and expand the municipal road network to create a safe and efficient system, seamlessly integrated with the regional highway network, railways, and airport. Policy 12.1.1. Continue to maintain, rehabilitate, and manage winter conditions on the City's roadway infrastructure as required to extend the expected system life and keep roadway surfaces safe and passable for vehicular traffic as envisioned in the City's Access Management Strategy & Roadmap (2024). Policy 12.1.2. Continue to utilize gravel pits located outside City limits, as reserve for future road improvement and infrastructure improvement projects. Policy 12.1.3. Create a Transportation Master Plan and update the road network (Schedule 4) to ensure the system can accommodate the expected community growth. The Plan should include the following initiatives: - Functional classifications for the designated major road network. The road and active transportation networks are found in Schedule 4 and Schedule 5. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 117 - Arterial road corridor(s) in the Westside Lands, connecting to Highway 20 at the Dog Creek Road intersection, if and when the area develops. - Extension of Western Avenue to MacKenzie Avenue when warranted by network benefits. - Proctor Street to Lakeview Avenue on the east side of Highway 97 to facilitate neighbourhood circulation. Policy 12.1.4. Consider commissioning a feasibility study to determine if, how, and where a second river crossing might connect the City Centre to the Westside Lands, when warranted by travel demand. Policy 12.1.5. Limit the lengths of new cul-de-sacs to 150 metres to avoid large neighbourhoods with only one entry point. Policy 12.1.6. Monitor traffic flow through the community and commission traffic studies (especially for new development) as required to ensure road laning, geometry, and traffic control keep pace with increasing traffic demand, thereby reducing unnecessary congestion, delays, safety concerns and idling. Policy 12.1.7. Consider roundabouts as a safer and more efficient alternative to the installation of new traffic signals, as and where feasible. Policy 12.1.8. Continuously improve the safety of the transportation system with the following: 12.1.8.1. Consider road safety in all local transportation projects. 12.1.8.2. Commission a "Network Screening" study with ICBC to identify and propose improvements to address collision-prone locations. 12.1.8.3. Implement traffic calming measures to reduce aggressive driving behaviour and short cutting through residential neighbourhoods, where appropriate. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 118 12.1.8.4. Endorse "Vision Zero," a campaign that recognizes that traffic collisions are generally preventable and that the City commits to efforts to reduce the collision frequencies such as infrastructure upgrades. 12.1.8.5. Collaborate with ICBC as and where applicable. Policy 12.1.9. Collaborate with the Ministry of Transportation and Transit (MoTT), and other interest-holders, on highway planning to ensure Highway 97 and Highway 20 corridor integrity is preserved for the safe and efficient flow of provincial traffic, especially by discouraging direct property access onto provincial highways. Policy 12.1.10. Encourage and facilitate the implementation of Transportation Demand Management (TDM) initiatives (e.g. carpooling, vehicle sharing, use of sustainable modes, etc.) as appropriate to reduce the vehicular demand on the municipal road system. Policy 12.1.11. Ensure that developers pay for the extension of municipal roads associated with their new developments. View of Highway 97 from above the Tourism Discovery Centre. © City of Williams Lake City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 119 Objective 12.2. Enhance and expand the existing active transportation system to create a safe, accessible, integrated, and convenient network of pathways for users of all abilities. Policy 12.2.1. Continue to develop and expand the city's active transportation pathway network (e.g. sidewalks, walkways, bike lanes, trails) in accordance with the City of Williams Lake Active Transportation Network Plan (2025) and track the implementation of trail network projects, including number of kilometers of trails added annually. Policy 12.2.2. Prioritize the Downtown and major neighbourhood centres for accessible and convenient active transportation modes and transit over vehicular traffic wherever, and to the extent, possible. Policy 12.2.3. Provide sidewalks on both sides of arterial roadways and on at least one side of collector and local roads. Policy 12.2.4. Improve and develop the pedestrian network, where pedestrian traffic warrants, for persons of all abilities through the provision of such devices as sidewalk ramps, audible signals, and textured sidewalk surfaces consistent with the city's Accessibility and Inclusion Plan (2023). Policy 12.2.5. Require all new development and redevelopment to have accessible and convenient connections to the active transportation system, as well as convenient end-of-trip facilities for cyclists (secure storage, showers, etc.). Policy 12.2.6. Require new development to contribute to the development and expansion of the municipal active transportation system, as and where appropriate. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 120 Policy 12.2.7. Continue to provide sweeping and winter snow and ice management to active transportation facilities to improve the safety for walking and cycling trips in all seasons. Policy 12.2.8. Use educational and social marketing initiatives to encourage the use of active transportation modes, and to teach people how to use and interact with cyclists and pedestrians to improve safety and reduce frustration. Policy 12.2.9. Clearly include signage that supports wayfinding safety and tourism. Objective 12.3. Revisit and expand the existing transit system to improve the comfort and convenience for riders and thereby encourage an increase in ridership. Policy 12.3.1. Provide a safe, reliable, and fully accessible conventional transit service that offers an attractive and sustainable alternative to the personal automobile. Policy 12.3.2. Provide convenient connections to key activity centres in the community, strategically integrated with other active transportation modes (e.g. walking, cycling) though accessible pathways to bus stops and bicycle racks on buses. Policy 12.3.3. Establish bus route coverage goals to provide transit service to an appropriate walking distance to residential developments, seniors' housing, and major centres. Transit stops should be in accordance with these distance objectives. Policy 12.3.4. Continue to improve on-street rider facilities (as required by demand), including accessible sidewalks, bus benches, shelters, lighting, waste receptacles, and route/schedule information. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 121 Policy 12.3.5. Continue to provide and expand (as required) the custom transit (HandyDART) services for passengers requiring a higher level of accessibility. Policy 12.3.6. Continue to work with BC Transit to monitor ridership patterns and adjust the transit service delivery (routes/schedules/service frequency) to increase ridership and commission a Transit Future Plan. Policy 12.3.7. Encourage the establishment of public transportation services between the city centre and airport. Policy 12.3.8. Collaborate with the Cariboo Regional District, Williams Lake First Nation, School District No. 27, the provincial government, and others to implement a regional transit service. Policy 12.3.9. Invest in public transport vehicles that are powered by renewable fuels from sustainable sources, as and when possible. Policy 12.3.10. Support vehicle, ride sharing and carpooling within the community and region. Objective 12.4. Ensure the transportation system, including rail and air remains safe and effective for the efficient movement of commercial and industrial goods within and through the community. Policy 12.4.1. Continue to maintain and improve the major truck routes in Williams Lake (including Mackenzie Avenue and connections to the rail terminal, airport, and major industrial areas) to manage the safe and efficient movement of truck traffic and minimize the risk and severity of incidents involving industrial traffic, especially dangerous goods. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 122 Policy 12.4.2. Incorporate dangerous goods incidents into the City's Emergency Preparedness planning activities. Policy 12.4.3. Minimize impacts of goods movement by using landscaping and other physical strategies to reduce vibration and forms of pollution, including noise, light, and fumes. Policy 12.4.4. Work with the rail authority to maintain and improve passenger and freight rail service to the city. Policy 12.4.5. Encourage and support development of rail expansion in the North Industrial end of Williams Lake. Policy 12.4.6. Work with the rail authority to enhance rail line pedestrian crossings within the city, specifically on the South Lakeside alignment with the Waterfront Enhancement Plan and explore the possibility of implementing "Rails with Trails." Policy 12.4.7. Work toward maintaining and improving regularly scheduled passenger air service to and from Williams Lake. Policy 12.4.8. Support and provide facilities and infrastructure improvements that enhance the long-term viability of air services to Williams Lake, including both public and private operations for passenger and freight transport. Objective 12.5. Revisit the management and regulation of vehicle parking, especially in areas of the community with higher demand. Policy 12.5.1. Analyze parking supply and demand and review parking regulations--including fees, time limits, and allocation--as necessary to support local businesses while maintaining accessibility for visitors. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 123 Policy 12.5.2. Allow developers to provide improvements to pathway and transit infrastructure in exchange for reduced off-street parking provisions. Policy 12.5.3. Provide charging stations for electric vehicles at strategic locations for residents and visitors. Policy 12.5.4. Encourage new developments to incorporate parking for a variety of different vehicle types and bicycles. Policy 12.5.5. Ensure the provision of appropriate and convenient amounts of accessible parking in public spaces, consistent with the city's Accessibility and Inclusion Plan (2023). Policy 12.5.6. Encourage the safe and effective accommodation of commercial and industrial vehicle parking, including strategically located loading zones in urban areas, and convenient parking and servicing facilities in industrial areas. Policy 12.5.7. Minimize parking areas between structures and the street, with preference for parking off back lanes, where available, and beside or behind structures elsewhere. Policy 12.5.8. Create a Downtown Parking Exemption Bylaw to support development. The 'Y' intersection at the junction of Highway 97 and Highway 20 is one of the busiest intersections in Williams Lake. © City of Williams Lake City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 124 13. Municipal Services, Infrastructure, + Emergency Management Guiding Question How do we continue to maintain and develop safe, sustainable, and effective infrastructure, emergency management, and solid waste services? Background Infrastructure and municipal services refer to the essential public utilities, facilities, and services that support daily life and community well-being. This includes not only core infrastructure but also services such as policing, fire protection, and private utilities. Infrastructure services provided by the city include: - Drinking water supply and distribution; - Wastewater collection, treatment, and disposal; - Stormwater management; and - Solid waste management. Infrastructure systems must be thoughtfully planned and managed to ensure reliable service delivery, environmental sustainability, and resilience to the impacts of climate change. The availability of dependable, efficient, and adequate infrastructure is a key factor in supporting housing and population growth. To enable continued growth in Williams Lake, regular upgrades and maintenance of all utility systems are essential. Without this, development may become constrained or unsustainable. Therefore, it is crucial for the city to account for both current and future infrastructure needs when planning for growth, particularly considering the 20-year housing requirements outlined in the 2024 Housing Needs Report. Engagement feedback indicated the importance of maintaining and improving the existing water and sewer systems. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 125 Key long-term considerations include: - Drinking water system capacity, to ensure continued supply as the population grows; - Wastewater collection and treatment systems capacity, which discharge treated effluent into the Fraser River; and - Solid waste facilities availability and lifespan, including the local demolition debris landfill and the regional landfill at Gibraltar Mine. WATER + SANITARY SEWER SYSTEM Williams Lake's water system is supplied by four deep wells located on Scout Island and Duncan Road for municipal use, and one located at the Williams Lake Regional Airport for airport use. These wells draw from underground aquifers beneath the valley. Water is treated using a sodium hypochlorite disinfection system, which produces enough treated water to meet an average daily demand ranging from 10- to 36-million litres during peak flow periods. The entire system is monitored electronically, with automated alerts in-place to track and respond to all operational aspects. Public Works Yard © City of Williams Lake City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 126 There is a need for increased investment in Williams Lake's water systems, with several key areas for consideration: - Infrastructure Upgrades: Rural areas may require improvements to their existing water infrastructure; - New Treatment Plant: The development of a new water treatment plant will help improve water quality and help reduce manganese levels in drinking water; and - Climate Resilience: Implementing measures such as drought contingency planning and monitoring aquifer recharge would strengthen the system's resilience to climate change impacts. Williams Lake community members should continue prioritizing water conservation efforts due to its critical importance. In collaboration with the Cariboo Chilcotin Conservation Society, the City organizes community outreach and educational programs, including tours of the drinking water facility for local schools. Additionally, the Williams Lake Good Neighbour Bylaw No. 2194, (Section 7.1) restricts lawn sprinkling to specific days, supporting water conservation initiatives. The sewer system in Williams Lake comprises 97,000 metres of piping, four lift stations, and the recently completed Sewage Treatment Plant located in the river valley. The system is currently in good condition and does not require any major upgrades. Public Works Yard Open House © City of Williams Lake City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 127 STORMWATER MANAGEMENT The City maintains a storm drainage system that includes 35-kilometres of underground storm sewer mains, complemented by a series of swales, channels, grassed ditches, and other stormwater management methods, which together serve as the primary drainage methods. Due to the area's varied topography, the system is divided into 11 stormwater catchment areas. These drainage systems are standard municipal infrastructure and discharge into the Williams Lake River. In 2020, Williams Lake experienced significant flooding that caused erosion in the River Valley. The flood prompted an evacuation order for 11 industrial properties and resulted in costly repairs to utilities and transportation infrastructure. While this event was particularly severe, the city also faces periodic flooding. The storm sewer system's primary plan is outlined in the Williams Lake 10-Year Capital Plan and highlights two key priorities for upgrades and maintenance. The City of Williams Lake is well-positioned to coordinate future development with the capacity of existing infrastructure and planned upgrades, promoting liveability and sustainability for generations to come. Emergency Services Examples - Fire - RCMP - Animal Control - Search + Rescue - Hazardous Material Response Snow Removal © City of Williams Lake City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 128 SOLID WASTE The City of Williams Lake is responsible for overseeing the curbside collection, streetscape-related litter and waste management, educating the public on the services provided, and liaising with the Cariboo Regional District regarding solid waste services and issues. Currently, the City contracts residential garbage and recycling curbside collection to Environmental 360 Solutions (E360). The Cariboo Chilcotin Conservation Society is based in Williams Lake and runs the Waste Wise Program, which focuses on educating and promoting waste reduction in schools and the community. The Potato House Project, also located in Williams Lake, is a compost site that hosts educational events on composting, waste reduction, and a drive-through food scrap drop-off for residents. The Cariboo Regional District has 14 operational landfills, but Gibraltar Landfill is the only engineered landfill in the region and has approximately 133 to 155 years left in its lifespan. In comparison, the Central Cariboo Transfer Station in Williams Lake has only 12 to 20 years of expected capacity remaining. The Cariboo Regional District recently updated its Solid Waste Management Plan (SWMP) for the entire region, which was approved by the Ministry of Environment and Parks in March 2025, and directs how solid waste will be managed in the region for the next decade. EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT As the primary regional hub of the Cariboo-Chilcotin Region, Williams Lake plays a critical role in coordinating local and regional emergency response efforts. The City's Protective Services Department oversees fire protection and prevention, emergency planning, emergency support services, and bylaw enforcement: all with the shared goal of ensuring residents feel safe in their homes, businesses, neighbourhoods, and public spaces. The water and sewer networks are found in Schedule 6: Potable Water System Map, Schedule 7: Stormwater Network Map, and Schedule 8: Sanitary Sewer Map. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 129 Emergency preparedness in Williams Lake focuses on minimizing environmental and socio-economic impacts, enabling rapid response, and maintaining clear, reliable communication. This includes communication channels such as phone alerts, radio broadcasts, in-person notifications, news updates, electronic media, and loudspeaker systems. The current services such as fire hydrants and equipment are all maintained by the City; this is an ongoing aspect of keeping resources for emergency services readily available. Community members should be knowledgeable as to how to be best prepared for a possible emergency when it comes to leaving utilities accessible for emergency services. Being prepared is critical for community safety and resilience and emergency management plans should include prevention, response, and recovery. Key local risks include: - Wildfires; - Floods; - Landslides; - Extreme heat events; and - Environmental and technological hazards (e.g., chemical spills). Effective emergency management relies on strong partnerships with the Cariboo Regional District, Wildfire BC, neighbouring municipalities, Indigenous governments, and community organizations. It also requires public education, inclusive strategies that WLFD School Fire Preparedness © City of Williams Lake City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 130 account for vulnerable populations, and detailed hazard assessments to strengthen community resilience and preparedness. Having adequate funds set aside provides ways the municipality can provide effective emergency preparedness. These funds can be used to support emergency responders' vehicular fleet renewals, advancing community safety and emergency resilience, and tracking and improving response strategies. OBJECTIVES + POLICIES Objective 13.1. Focus development in areas where municipal services and infrastructure are available and require developers/landowners to pay for expansion of infrastructure. Policy 13.1.1. Direct development to areas where municipal services, infrastructure and facilities are available, unless such services and facilities are provided at no cost to the City and its taxpayers. Policy 13.1.2. Require developers to pay for servicing costs associated with new developments. Policy 13.1.3. Regularly review and update the Development Cost Charge Bylaw to align with provincial regulations. Emergency Operations Centre (EOC) Training © City of Williams Lake City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 131 Policy 13.1.4. Provide funding for capital works projects using development cost charges and grant funding, as well as ensuring both the strategic needs and operational needs of the City are met. Policy 13.1.5. Continue to develop and implement the Asset Management Plan, which may include an infrastructure capacity analysis. Policy 13.1.6. Continue to actively support asset management planning process and prioritize projects (through the capital plan) to ensure they are 'shovel ready' pending grant funding. Policy 13.1.7. Secure statutory rights-of-way for water, sanitary sewer, and stormwater management to ensure access for maintenance and provide for upgrades as required. Policy 13.1.8. Ensure that any expansion to municipal infrastructure takes into consideration life-cycle costs and that these costs are incorporated in any cost-recovery program. Policy 13.1.9. Discourage any increase in the capacity or extension of municipal services and community infrastructure, such as water and sewer, outside of the City's boundary. Objective 13.2. Continue to operate and maintain the municipal water system and implement water conservation methods. Policy 13.2.1. Provide quality water by continuing to engage in land use and system management practices that protect the City's water supply. Policy 13.2.2. Continue to support and promote conservation measures including programming, educational initiatives, and conservation initiatives. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 132 Policy 13.2.3. Continue to work with the Cariboo Chilcotin Conservation Society and the community to adopt methods for conserving water and spreading awareness of water usage such as: 13.2.3.1. Encourage the installation of water-smart appliances in all forms of development (low-flow faucets, dual flush toilets, water-efficient dishwashers) and continue rebate programs help incentivize their installation. 13.2.3.2. Plan community outreach events practicing water conservation and spread awareness to how members can bring down water usage. 13.2.3.3. Set measurable targets for water use reduction (e.g., percentage reduction over five years). Policy 13.2.4. Continue to require that all new developments install a water meter and backflow prevention device in conjunction with their municipal water service. Policy 13.2.5. Work toward implementing a Universal Metering Program and subsequent changes to the rate structure for all sectors to provide a direct incentive for water conservation and develop an equitable system that recognizes the value and importance of water management across all sectors. Policy 13.2.6. Ensure that developers pay for the extension of water servicing associated with new developments. Policy 13.2.7. Recommend using water-efficient fixtures and solar- powered lighting in new green spaces, as applicable. Well water is pumped and treated at several locations. © City of Williams Lake City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 133 Policy 13.2.8. Ensure early coordination with utility providers during park planning to avoid retrofits. Policy 13.2.9. Encourage the retrofitting of all buildings and properties to include energy efficient retrofits such as solar panels, rainwater collection systems, water-efficient toilets, and rain gardens. Objective 13.3. Continue to operate and maintain the municipal sanitary sewer and stormwater systems and integrate green stormwater options. Policy 13.3.1. Ensure that developers pay for the extension of sanitary sewer servicing associated with new developments. Policy 13.3.2. Continue to support conservation measures to reduce the strain on the sanitary sewer collection and treatment systems. Policy 13.3.3. Work with the appropriate provincial ministries to adapt to future changes in regulations for sanitary sewer collection and treatment. Policy 13.3.4. Create a City-wide Integrated Stormwater Management Plan that will include guidelines for new developments within the City of Williams Lake. Policy 13.3.5. Continue to implement the River Valley Storm Water Outfall project. Policy 13.3.6. Ensure that developers pay for the extension of storm sewer servicing associated with new developments. Policy 13.3.7. Continue routine inspection, maintenance schedules and monitoring to prevent sewer system degradation. Policy 13.3.8. Regularly inspect, maintain, and enhance existing infrastructure protection methods, such as the City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 134 riparian/berms alongside the Sewage Treatment Plant, in the River Valley. Policy 13.3.9. Recommend integrating green infrastructure such as bioswales, rain gardens, or permeable surfaces to reduce runoff. Policy 13.3.10. During street and streetscape development and renewal, implement the means to reduce the re-occurring flooding event that happens at the Comer/Mackenzie location. Policy 13.3.11. Pursue funding to implement Stormwater Management- Phase 6 to protect the environment and maintain fish habitats. Policy 13.3.12. Encourage on-site stormwater management. Objective 13.4. Promote effective and responsible solid waste, composting, and recycling collection, management, and disposal, in the community. Policy 13.4.1. Continue to work with the Cariboo Regional District, Williams Lake First Nation, and other regional communities to reduce the volume of solid waste entering landfills and improve the capture of recyclables and organics. Policy 13.4.2. Extend the life of the Central Cariboo Transfer Station by supporting local and regional programs and strategies to reduce and divert waste. Policy 13.4.3. Support the Cariboo Regional District Solid Waste Management Plan by educating the community on waste management to help extend the expected life of existing landfill facilities. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 135 Policy 13.4.4. Promote the use of residential composting within the city and explore the creation of a municipal composting program. Policy 13.4.5. Work with partners to provide space and facilities for three stream waste separation. Objective 13.5. Continue to provide strong coordination among all levels of government and agencies in planning and delivery of emergency management. Policy 13.5.1. Review current hydrant locations to ensure best practice is maintained. Policy 13.5.2. Effectively review hydrant locations during the development process to ensure reliable, readily accessible, and capable delivery of adequate water flow. Policy 13.5.3. Foster a culture of preparedness and resilience in City government, workplaces, households, and businesses across the community. Policy 13.5.4. Use an equity lens to support all community members when developing emergency plans and providing informational materials on emergency preparedness and responses. Policy 13.5.5. Prepare to deal with known hazards and emerging threats, both natural and human caused, to limit the adverse impacts of events and effectively manage emergencies. Policy 13.5.6. Continue to work with Williams Lake First Nation to build mutual resilience and collaboration on emergency management preparedness and response. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 136 Policy 13.5.7. Coordinate with Protective Services and incorporate the Hazard, Risk, and Vulnerability Assessment (HRVA) and implement the Disaster Risk Response Plan (DRRP). Policy 13.5.8. Require a coordinated five-year renewal cycle for the City's Hazard, Risk, and Vulnerability Analysis, Emergency Plan, and Community Wildfire Resiliency Plan (CWRP), aligned under a unified Protective Services Master Plan. Policy 13.5.9. Invest in GIS-based mapping technologies and collaborative data platforms to support emergency planning. Policy 13.5.10. Establish a dedicated, ongoing fund to support Protective Services involvement in strategic planning, risk assessments, and services evaluations. Policy 13.5.11. Establish a permanent capital reserve fund for the renewal of the Fire Department vehicle fleet. The Williams Lake Fire Department Fire Hall © City of Williams Lake City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 137 14. Implementation + Monitoring Guiding Question How do we implement the actions outlined in the OCP in a sustainable and fiscally responsible way, adhere to the provincial requirements and achieve desired outcomes? The Official Community Plan (OCP) is a living document that guides growth, development, land use, infrastructure, and community amenities and services in Williams Lake. It establishes the vision and goals for 2050 and provides a framework for decision- making. The OCP's guiding principles, objectives, and policies are integrated with other key municipal plans, policies, and bylaws to ensure coordinated community development. As a living document, updates are expected throughout the next 25- years to reflect the ever-changing community context in Williams Lake. In accordance with provincial legislation, Williams Lake is required to review and update the OCP every five years to ensure: - There is enough capacity for 20 years of housing; and - The OCP aligns with key areas of current housing need. This chapter outlines tools and strategies for the implementation and monitoring of policies throughout the OCP. The implementation must be achieved in a sustainable, fiscally efficient and effective manner as municipalities are required to keep their expenditures within their adopted annual budgets. The City will monitor the financial implications of the priorities and seek a variety of approaches and funding opportunities to implement the OCP. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 138 OBJECTIVES + POLICIES Objective 14.1. When considering land use decisions, Williams Lake will ensure consistency with the policies of the Official Community Plan. Policy 14.1.1. In conjunction with the annual budget and capital plan, ensure that the development and implementation of all future City plans, policies, and bylaws are guided by, and remain consistent with, the Official Community Plan. Policy 14.1.2. Evaluate applications for amendments to the Official Community Plan based on consistency with the Vision, Guiding Principles and Objectives. Objective 14.2. Support an effective monitoring and reporting system. Policy 14.2.1. Review and update the status of implementation actions (Table 3, page 139) and greenhouse gas monitoring indicators in the Official Community Plan yearly. Policy 14.2.2. Report back to the community on progress made on implementation actions in the City of Williams Lake Annual Report. Policy 14.2.3. Review the OCP alongside the completion of the legislated Housing Needs Report (HNR), to be completed every 5 years, to ensure: 1. Sufficient housing capacity for 20 years informed from HNR requirements; 2. Alignment with key areas of current housing need; 3. Consistency with community values and guiding principles; and 4. Alignment with up-to-date research, technical studies, and best practices. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 139 Table 3: Implementation Matrix Policy Requiring Action PRIORITY 1 2 3 4 YEARS 0 - 2 2 - 5 5 - 10 10+ 4.2.4. Create a public GIS Mapping interface and support ongoing maintenance of relevant data sets 4.3.15. Development guidelines for Small-Scale Residential housing forms 5.1.2. Create a Housing Strategy based on the Housing Need Report to implement key areas for action 5.2.4. Review Revitalization Tax Exemption Bylaw 5.4.2. Review Strata Conversion Policy 5.4.3. Update Mobile Home Park Bylaw 6.1.16. Establish Business Improvement Area for the North End Industrial Lands 6.2.1: Create modern branding strategy for the City of Williams Lake 6.2.1. Create a new Economic Development Strategy 7.1.1: Develop Indigenous relationship building framework 7.2.2: In close collaboration and partnership with Williams Lake First Nation, the City will proactively develop and implement a meaningful process to identify, protect, and respectfully manage archaeological, cultural, and heritage resources 8.1.1: Work with Accessibility Committee to implement key priorities of the Accessibility and Inclusion Plan 8.2.2: Work with Social Planning Council to implement key priorities of the THRIVE: Poverty Reduction Strategy 9.1.5. Update 2011 Parks and Trails Master Plan & develop a Parkland Inventory 9.2.2. Implement the Waterfront Enhancement Plan City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 140 Policy Requiring Action PRIORITY 1 2 3 4 YEARS 0 - 2 2 - 5 5 - 10 10+ 10.1.1. Develop an Ecosystem and Waterbody Protection Strategy & identify environmentally sensitive areas 10.1.7. Develop an Invasive Species Management Strategy 10.2.5. Develop a GHG Reduction Communication and Engagement Strategy 10.2.10. Update the Tree Protection Bylaw 10.3.8. Develop a Climate Action Plan 11.1.4. Amend the Geotechnical DPA 4 every 5 years. 12.1.3. Develop a Transportation Master Plan 12.1.4. Conduct a feasibility study of second bridge crossing 12.1.10. Implement transportation demand management initiatives 12.2.1. Implement key priorities of the Active Transportation Network Plan 12.5.8. Create Downtown Parking Exemption Bylaw to support development 13.1.5. Continue to develop and implement the Asset Management Plan which may include an infrastructure capacity analysis. 13.3.4. Create a City-wide Integrated Stormwater Management Plan 13.4.2. Extend the life of the Central Cariboo Transfer Station by implementing strategies to reduce and divert waste 13.5.8. Establish a Protective Services Fund 13.5.11. Establish a Fire Department Fleet Renewal Reserve Fund City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 141 Schedule 1 Land Use Designations Map City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 142 Schedule 2 Development Permit Areas Local governments have the authority to designate development permit areas (DPAs) in an official community plan (OCP). DPAs identify locations that require special treatment for certain purposes including: - the form and character of commercial, industrial, and multi-family residential development; - to promote energy conservation; - to promote water conservation; and - to promote the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. The OCP must describe the special conditions or objectives that justify the DPA designation. Unless a development permit is obtained, development in such areas is restricted. If an OCP designates DPAs, the local government must also specify guidelines for how proposed development in the areas can address the special conditions and/or objectives. Within a development permit area, a property owner must obtain a development permit before: - land must not be subdivided; - construction of, addition to or alteration of a building or other structure must not be started; and - land, or a building or other structure on that land, must not be altered. Development permit applications are expected to comply with applicable guidelines and regulations before a permit is issued and development proceeds. A local government may issue a development permit that varies or supplements a subdivision or zoning bylaw, but it must not vary the use or density permitted in the bylaw (except in relation to health, safety, or protection of property from damage). Council or Council's delegate can issue a development permit. Where land is subject to more than one DPA designation, a single development permit is required. The development permit application will, however, be subject to the requirements of all applicable DPAs. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 143 Table 4: Development Permit Areas Overview Development Permit Areas Type Name Area Local Government Act, Section 488 FORM + CHARACTER + CLIMATE ACTION DPA 1: Downtown and Mixed-Use Downtown and Mixed-Use Areas - Establishment of objectives for the form and character: commercial, industrial or multi-family residential development. - Promotion of energy conservation, water conservation, and the reduction of greenhouse gas. DPA 2: Multi-Unit Residential Development Multi-Unit Residential Area DPA 3: Commercial and Light Industrial Corridor Highway Commercial + Mackenzie Area + Light Industrial Areas NATURAL HAZARDS DPA 4: Steep Slopes, Landslide, + Escarpment Hazards - Steep Slopes - Rockfall Areas - Landslide - River Escarpment - Unstable Slopes Protection of development from hazardous conditions. DPA 5: Wildfire Hazard Entire City City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 144 Schedule 2.1 DPA 1: Downtown and Mixed-Use DESIGNATION The Downtown and Mixed-Use Development Permit Area (DPA 1) is designated pursuant to Section 488(1)(d), (f), (h), (i), and (j) of the Local Government Act for: - revitalization of an area in which a commercial use is permitted; - establishment of objectives for the form and character of commercial, industrial, and multi-family residential development; and, - establishment of objectives to promote energy conservation, water conservation, and the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. JUSTIFICATION The Land Use section of the Official Community Plan (Chapter 4) provides additional context related to DPA 1. The intent of DPA 1 is to create a vibrant, welcoming downtown and mixed-use areas, such as neighbourhood centres, where people live, work, and meet for leisure and community events. By guiding the building design, parking configuration, and landscape infrastructure of both new and existing downtown and mixed-use developments, DPA 1 seeks to foster a complete community characterized by people-centered design and vibrant, pedestrian-oriented spaces. Unless an owner obtains a development permit, or an exemption applies, within DPA 1: - land must not be subdivided; - construction of, addition to or alteration of a building or other structure must not be started; and - land, or a building or other structure on that land, must not be altered. Downtown Williams Lake © City of Williams Lake City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 145 GUIDELINES The following design guidelines will be used in reviewing development permit applications as set out in this Official Community Plan. It is important any plan submitted for a development permit demonstrate consideration of the objectives and design guidelines. Form + Character 1. Buildings should be located near the front property line for pedestrian friendliness. AFFECTED PROPERTIES The Downtown and Mixed-Use Development Permit Area (DPA 1) applies to: - Boundaries of the City's downtown and all areas designated for residential and commercial mixed-use, as identified in Schedule 2.1; EXEMPTIONS A development permit is not required for the following activities in DPA 1 when: - Internal renovations that do not affect a building's exterior, increase the floor area, or alter existing parking or landscaping; - Minor text, content changes or canopy fabric to existing signage only; - Construction, addition, or alteration to not exceed 30 metres squared (323 sq. ft.) for a one- storey accessory structure (4.5 metres in height) and where no variance(s) of the Zoning Bylaw is required; - Building repairs and/or maintenance including "like for like" replacement of roofing, windows and/or doors; - Emergency circumstances to remove any immediate danger from the site or repair or maintenance of municipal works by the City or its authorized agents or contractors. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 146 2. Architectural details and strategies such as the use of patterns, textures, colours, secondary materials, landscaping and building form variation must be employed to break up large blank walls. 3. Buildings must clearly identify main entrances with canopies, landscaping, lighting, signage, or special paving features. 4. Provide transparent ground level windows to contribute to an engaging public realm and overall wayfinding. Prioritize the use of large doors and windows that open to the street for ground level commercial uses. 5. The use of high-quality timber, stone, hardi board and metal siding is recommended. 6. Weather protection devices, roof overhangs, canopies or awnings should be installed at all points of building egress. The weather protection must be a minimum of 2.9 metres (9- feet 6-inches) above the sidewalk grade to allow City maintenance equipment to pass. 7. Maintain and enhance buildings, landmarks, public art, and landscapes that contribute to the cultural and heritage character of the area. a. Incorporation of local First Nations design, culture, language, and artwork incorporated into building and site designs is encouraged. 8. The general character of signs should positively relate to the architectural character of the associated building, subject to the City's Sign Bylaw: a. All entranceways should provide visible signage identifying building address. b. Flush mounted fascia signs and hanging signs perpendicular to the building façade are encouraged. c. Freestanding signs should be integrated into the landscape. 9. Building sidewalls should be designed to be attractive and interesting when viewed from adjacent buildings, streets, and sidewalks using materials, textures, articulation, murals, and windows in combination with growing and/or mature plant material. Long expanses of blank walls facing the roadway should be avoided. One of many murals painted around Williams Lake. © City of Williams Lake City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 147 10. Façade shall be stepped back for buildings with three or more storeys that are in the Downtown, sited adjacent to buildings with two or fewer storeys, or when it is desirable to preserve an important view or corner street space. a. In general, the roof line or top of the building structure should be clearly distinguished from its façade walls. 11. Large-format retail units shall minimize their street frontage by setting most floor area at the rear of the building and behind other smaller retail units. Site Design + Parking 12. Buildings must clearly identity main entrances with canopies, landscaping, lighting, signage, or special paving features. 13. Maintain and enhance buildings, landmarks, public art, and landscapes that contribute to the cultural and heritage character of the area. 14. All new development should be encouraged to continue the streetscape and common building plane along commercial streets, with access at grade and required parking in the rear of the parcel. 15. Buildings on corner sites or sites with double road frontage should be designed in recognition of their visibility from each road and should present a continuity of design, colours, details, materials, exterior finishes, and landscaping on all façades. a. On corner sites, consider orienting plazas, interior lobbies, and prominent windows towards the corner, and locate residential and office entrances away from street corners. 16. Where visitor or public parking spaces are provided, they shall be clearly identified through wayfinding and signage within each development. 17. Site servicing, utilities, car parking, and access should be located and designed to maximize pedestrian safety and minimize impacts on the attractiveness of the pedestrian environment and adjacent properties. Good urban design emphasizes attractive, pedestrian-friendly buildings with clear entrances, consistent streetscapes, quality materials, and well-planned parking and landscaping. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 148 18. Access to areas for garbage and recycling storage and collection shall be located at the side or rear of the property. 19. Parking should be at the side or rear of a building and screened from well-used streets and public spaces where possible. Shared and underground parking is encouraged. 20. Outdoor storage areas, garbage and recycling receptacles and mechanical equipment shall be enclosed and screened from view by incorporating screening that is complementary to the buildings' design and materials. 21. Paths, parking areas, and entry areas should be sufficiently lighted to ensure pedestrian comfort and security. All exterior lighting should be directed to the ground and oriented so as not to create a direct glare on neighbouring properties or buildings. 22. Site design shall apply Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design principles to reduce crime and nuisance opportunities and enhance safety where appropriate. 23. Sites must provide on-site pedestrian amenities such as bike racks, benches, displays, public art, patios and sheltered public waiting areas. 24. Provide easy access to usable private or common outdoor amenity space for all dwelling units. This may include courtyards, decks, patios, porches, sod, or balconies. Private spaces must have a 1.2 m minimum dimension; common areas must have a 3.0 m minimum dimension. These spaces shall: a. balance vegetated, naturalized areas with permeable hardscapes; b. maximize solar access; c. minimize noise disruption; and d. minimize "overlook" from adjacent residential units. © City of Williams Lake City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 149 Screening, Landscaping, + Lighting 25. A landscape plan certified by a member of the British Columbia Society of Landscape Architects may be required. 26. The site should be provided with a landscaped strip composed of shrubs, grass, earth berms, other vegetation, or a combination along the property edge next to roadways and between parking areas and buildings. 27. New development should minimize the removal of existing significant trees and other vegetation. If necessary, they should be replaced with new trees and vegetation that is native or distinctive and representative of the existing spacing of street trees per the City Tree Bylaw. a. The planting of one tree for every six parking spaces should be used as a benchmark for commercial developments that require more than 20 parking spaces. 28. Landscaping should incorporate principles of 'xeriscaping' native drought resistant plants to reduce irrigation needs. Schedule 11 lists municipally approved Water Wise and Fire-Resistant plants for the region. 29. Paths, parking areas, and entry areas should be sufficiently lighted to ensure pedestrian comfort and security. a. All exterior lighting should be directed to the ground and oriented so as not to create a direct glare on neighbouring properties or buildings. 30. Site design shall apply Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design principles to reduce crime and nuisance opportunities and enhance safety where appropriate. Well-designed lighting helps create safe and attractive public spaces. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 150 Accessibility + Adaptability 31. Public streets, sidewalks, and open spaces should be accessible, safe, comfortable, and attractive to pedestrian activity alongside a development. a. Pedestrian areas shall be level, smooth, and non-slip surfaced for accessibility. b. Public streetscape amenities including benches, public art, planters, waste receptacles, and bike racks with a high quality of design should be provided. 32. A portion of residential units in each development shall be designed using Universal Design Principles to accommodate owners, tenants, and visitors with accessibility challenges such as mobility, sensory, or cognitive disabilities. 33. Commercial units shall have barrier-free entrances and good interior circulation. 34. Building design that allows for future adaptation or 'aging in place' unit configuration and use is highly encouraged. Sustainable Building + Infrastructure Design 35. Encourage the use of green-building guidelines and rating systems such as BuiltGreen and LEED16; 36. Every parking lot should be electric vehicle (EV) Charger ready (i.e. lines in the ground) and should provide at least 1 EV charger for every 10 units. 16. The Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) Green Building Rating System™ encourages and accelerates global adoption of sustainable green building and development practices through the creation and implementation of universally understood and accepted tools and performance criteria Accessible, well-designed public spaces and buildings promote inclusion, comfort, and vibrant pedestrian activity. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 151 37. Explore tools for incorporating energy efficiency and renewable, low-impact energy sources through new development, major renovations, and expansions of existing buildings. 38. Energy-efficient lighting should be strongly encouraged in all developments. 39. Promote multi-unit buildings with shared walls and high efficiency heating and cooling systems that reduce energy losses and energy consumption. 40. Encourage hydronic (hot water heating) buildings in areas that have potential for future district energy systems, such as new major development sites, near major institutions, and the City Centre. 41. Rain gardens, bioswales, and permeable materials are strongly encouraged to absorb stormwater runoff and reduce irrigation needs. Energy-efficient design and green infrastructure help reduce environmental impact, conserve resources and build a more sustainable community. Rooftop greenspaces enhance urban sustainability by reducing heat, improving air quality and creating welcoming outdoor areas. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 152 DPA 1: Downtown and Mixed-use Map City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 153 Schedule 2.2 DPA 2: Multi-Unit Residential DESIGNATION The Multi-Unit Residential Development Permit Area (DPA 2) is designated pursuant to Section 488(1)(e), (f), (h) (i), and (j) of the Local Government Act for: - establishment of objectives for the form and character of intensive residential or multi-family residential development. - establishment of objectives to promote energy conservation, water conservation, and the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. JUSTIFICATION The Land Use section of the Official Community Plan (Chapter 4) provides additional context related to DPA 2: Multi-Unit Residential Development Permit Area. Intensive residential development with five or more units, such as multi-unit housing, offers opportunities to support compact, complete, and walkable neighbourhoods. DPA 2 is intended to guide the development of multiunit housing to ensure it contributes to Williams Lake's liveability, sustainability, and visual quality. It promotes high-quality design that responds to the city's built form, natural setting, and local context, while integrating access, parking, landscaping, and storage to create vibrant and functional streetscapes. Unless an owner obtains a development permit, or an exemption applies, within DPA-2: - land must not be subdivided; - construction of, addition to or alteration of a building or other structure must not be started; and - land, or a building or other structure on that land, must not be altered. Façade variation of multi-unit residential development. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 154 GUIDELINES The following Design Guidelines will be used in reviewing development permit applications as set out in this Official Community Plan. It is important any plan submitted for a development permit demonstrate consideration of the objectives and design guidelines. Form + Character 1. Building massing and orientation should be considerate of uses and minimize overlook on adjacent properties. AFFECTED PROPERTIES The Multi-Unit Residential Development Permit Area (DPA 2) applies to: - All areas identified in the DPA 2: Multi-Unit Residential Map. EXEMPTIONS A development permit is not required for the following activities in DPA 2: - Internal renovations that do not affect a building's exterior, increase the floor area, or alter existing parking or landscaping; - Minor text, content changes or canopy fabric to existing signage only; - Construction, addition, or alteration to not exceed 30 metres squared (323 sq. ft.) for a one- storey accessory structure (4.5 metres in height) and where no variance(s) of the Zoning Bylaw is required; - Building repairs and/or maintenance including "like for like" replacement of roofing, windows and/or doors; - Emergency circumstances to remove any immediate danger from the site or repair or maintenance of municipal works by the City or its authorized agents or contractors. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 155 2. Main entrances of townhouse and apartments should be oriented to the street for pedestrian friendliness. 3. Buildings on the same site shall have complementary massing and exterior finishes, including accessory dwelling units. 4. Architectural details and strategies such as the use of patterns, textures, colours, secondary materials, landscaping and building form variation must be employed to break up large blank walls. a. Building walls, roof shapes and window size and location shall be varied to avoid boxy building forms for all multiple-unit developments. 5. Façades shall be stepped back for buildings with three or more storeys situated adjacent to buildings with two or fewer storeys, or in instances when it is desirable to preserve an important view or corner street space. 6. Window placement should be offset between buildings facing each other to maintain privacy in residential units. 7. Large uninterrupted garage fronts shall be avoided for townhouse and duplex housing developments. 8. The use of high-quality timber, brick, stone, Hardie board, or metal for exterior finishes is encouraged. 9. Weather protection devices, roof overhangs, canopies or awnings should be installed at all points of building egress. 10. Maintain and enhance buildings, landmarks, public art, and landscapes that contribute to the cultural and heritage character of the area. Multi-family developments play a key role in creating complete neighbourhoods. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 156 11. The general character of signs should positively relate to the architectural character of the associated building, subject to the City's Sign Bylaw: a. All entrance ways should provide visible signage identifying building address. b. Flush mounted fascia signs and hanging signs perpendicular to the building façade are encouraged. c. Freestanding signs should be integrated into the landscape. Site Planning + Landscaping 12. A landscape plan certified by a member of the British Columbia Society of Landscape Architects may be required. 13. All new development should be encouraged to continue the streetscape and common building plane along commercial streets, with access at grade and required parking in the rear of the parcel. 14. Site servicing, utilities, car parking, and access should be located and designed to maximize pedestrian safety and minimize impacts on the attractiveness of the pedestrian environment and adjacent properties. 15. Access to areas for garbage and recycling storage and collection shall be located at the side or rear of the property. 16. Parking should be at the side or rear of a building and screened from well-used streets and public spaces where possible. Shared and underground parking is encouraged. 17. Outdoor storage areas, garbage and recycling receptacles and mechanical equipment shall be enclosed and screened from view by incorporating screening that is complementary to the building's design and materials. 18. Paths, parking areas, and entry areas should be sufficiently lighted to ensure pedestrian comfort and security. a. All exterior lighting should be directed to the ground and oriented so as not to create a direct glare on neighbouring properties or buildings. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 157 19. Site design shall apply Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design principles to reduce crime and nuisance opportunities and enhance safety where appropriate. 20. Outdoor common amenities areas such as courtyards, community gardens, off-leash dog areas, and outdoor cooking areas are encouraged. 21. The site should be provided with a landscaped strip composed of shrubs, grass, earth berms, other vegetation, or a combination of these along the property edge next to roadways and between parking areas. 22. New development should minimize the removal of existing significant trees and other vegetation. If necessary, they should be replaced with new trees and vegetation that is native or distinctive and representative of the existing spacing of street trees per the City's Tree Bylaw. 23. Plant all non-paved areas with sod, ground cover, perennials, shrubs, or trees. Large expanses of rock and gravel are discouraged. Strategic use of river rock in rain gardens, and under building overhangs is acceptable. 24. Landscaping should incorporate principles of 'xeriscaping' native drought resistant plants to reduce irrigation needs. Schedule 11 lists municipally approved Water Wise and Fire-Resistant plants for the region. 25. Public streetscape amenities including benches, public art, planters, waste receptacles, and bike racks with a high quality of design should be provided. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 158 Adaptability + Sustainable Building 26. Every parking lot must be electric vehicle (EV) ready (ex. lines in ground) and should provide at least one (1) EV charger per site. 27. Encourage the use of green-building guidelines and rating systems such as BuiltGreen and LEED17. 28. Energy-efficient lighting should be strongly encouraged in all developments. 29. A portion of residential units in each development shall be designed using Universal Design Principles to accommodate owners, tenants, and visitors with accessibility challenges such as mobility, sensory, and/or cognitive disabilities. 30. Building design that allows for future adaptation, or 'age-in-place' unit configuration and use is highly encouraged. 31. Explore tools for incorporating energy efficiency and renewable, low-impact energy sources through new development, major renovations, and expansion of existing buildings. 32. Promote multi-unit buildings with shared walls and high efficiency heating and cooling systems that reduce energy losses and energy consumption. 33. Encourage hydronic (hot water heating) buildings in areas that have potential for future district energy systems, such as new major development sites, near major institutions, and the City Centre. 34. Parking lots and roof top patios should be heavily landscaped for comfort and visual interest and to minimize heat gain caused by large contiguous paved surfaces. 35. Rain gardens, bioswales, and permeable materials are strongly encouraged to absorb stormwater runoff and reduce irrigation needs. 17. The Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) Green Building Rating System™ encourages and accelerates global adoption of sustainable green building and development practices through the creation and implementation of universally understood and accepted tools and performance criteria. Multi-unit housing in Williams Lake is guided by design standards that promote energy efficiency, accessibility, and vibrant, walkable neighbourhoods. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 159 DPA 2: Multi-Unit Residential Map City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 160 Schedule 2.3 DPA 3: Commercial and Light Industrial Corridor DESIGNATION The Commercial and Light Industrial Corridor Development Permit Area (DPA 3) is designated pursuant to Section 488(1)(f)(h)(i) and (j) of the Local Government Act for: - establishment of objectives for the form and character of commercial and industrial development; and - establishment of objectives to promote energy conservation, water conservation, and the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. JUSTIFICATION The purpose of DPA 3: Commercial and Light Industrial Corridor is to encourage a high standard of site design, building form, and landscaping to improve the appearance of development within the highway corridor and lands along Mackenzie Avenue. The City aims to enhance the visual appeal of the Commercial and Light Industrial corridors, creating a more inviting transportation route through the community, while also improving the aesthetics of industrial and service commercial areas to boost the area's attractiveness and draw new businesses and visitors. Unless an owner obtains a development permit, or an exemption applies, within DPA-3: - land must not be subdivided; - construction of, addition to or alteration of a building or other structure must not be started; and - land, or a building or other structure on that land, must not be altered. City of Williams Lake commercial and light industrial corridor along Mackenzie Avenue. © City of Williams Lake City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 161 GUIDELINES The following Design Guidelines will be used in reviewing development permit applications as set out in this Official Community Plan. It is important any plan submitted for a development permit demonstrate consideration of the objectives and design guidelines. AFFECTED PROPERTIES The Commercial and Light Industrial Corridor Development Permit Area (DPA 3) applies to: - All areas identified in the DPA 3: Commercial and Light Industrial Corridor Map. EXEMPTIONS A development permit is not required for the following activities in DPA-3 when: - Internal renovations that do not affect a building's exterior, increase the floor area, or alter existing parking or landscaping; - Minor text, content changes or canopy fabric to existing signage only; - Construction, addition, or alteration to not exceed 30 metres squared (323 sq. ft.) for a one- storey accessory structure (4.5 metres in height) and where no variance(s) of the Zoning Bylaw is required; - Building repairs and/or maintenance including "like for like" replacement of roofing, windows and/or doors; - Emergency circumstances to remove any immediate danger from the site or repair or maintenance of municipal works by the City or its authorized agents or contractors. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 162 Form + Character 1. Building should be located near the front property line for pedestrian friendliness 2. Architectural details and strategies such as the use of patterns, textures, colours, secondary materials, landscaping and building form variation must be employed to break up large blank walls. 3. The use of high-quality timber, brick, stone, hardy-board, or metal for exterior finish is encouraged. 4. Buildings must clearly identify main entrances with canopies, landscaping, lighting, signage, or special paving features. 5. Commercial buildings should provide signage that identifies uses and shops clearly and is scaled to the pedestrian rather than vehicle. 6. Building roofs and eaves must be designed to prevent snow from accumulating and sliding onto pedestrian areas below. 7. Buildings on the same site, including principal and accessory buildings or structures, shall have complementary massing and exterior finishes. 8. The general character of signs should positively relate to the architectural character of the associated building, subject to the City's Sign Bylaw: a. All entranceways should provide visible signage identifying building address. b. Flush mounted fascia signs; hanging signs perpendicular to the building façade are encouraged. c. Freestanding signs should be integrated into the landscape. Oliver Street shopping centre in downtown Williams Lake. © City of Williams Lake City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 163 Site Planning + Parking 9. All new development should be encouraged to continue the streetscape and common building plane along commercial streets, with access at- grade. 10. Access and egress to the highway and other public roadways should be provided from local roads in locations that are safe and approved by the Ministry responsible for highways. Direct access from the highway shall be avoided wherever possible. 11. Pedestrian routes should be clearly defined by means of separate walkways, sidewalks, or paths to encourage and accommodate safe pedestrian access on and off site. On-site walkways should tie in with existing public sidewalks, pedestrian routes and crosswalks, if any, and shall be level, smooth, non-slip surfaced and barrier free. 12. Ensure that Commercial and Light Industrial development with large parking areas makes appropriate use of landscaping materials to soften the look of parking along the corridor. 13. Parking areas, storage and loading facilities shall be designed in the least visually obstructive manner possible and should be situated at the side or rear of property not to interfere with internal circulation. 14. Outdoor storage areas, garbage and recycling receptacles and mechanical equipment shall be enclosed and screened from view by incorporating screening that is complementary to the buildings' design and materials. 15. Principles promoting personal safety, visibility, accessibility, and access to emergency services, in conjunction with other agencies, should be applied to all new development. 16. Public streets, sidewalks, and open spaces should be accessible, safe, comfortable, and attractive to pedestrian activity alongside a development. 17. On-site amenity areas for employees such as covered patios, benches, and outdoor eating areas are encouraged. © City of Williams Lake © City of Williams Lake City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 164 Screening, Landscaping, + Lighting 18. A landscape plan certified by a member of the British Columbia Society of Landscape Architects may be required. 19. New development should minimize the removal of existing significant trees and other vegetation. Where tree or vegetation removal is necessary, they should be replaced with new trees and vegetation that is native or distinctive and representative of the existing spacing of street trees per the City's Tree Bylaw. 20. Landscaping should incorporate and emphasize native landscape materials, fire resistant plants and the use of drought resistant plants to reduce irrigation needs. The principles of 'xeriscaping' are helpful for encouraging such landscaping. Schedule 11 lists municipally approved Water Wise and Fire-Resistant plants for the region. 21. Support service structures and facilities such as loading bays, refuse containers, and storage areas should be located to minimize visibility from public areas and screened with walls, fencing, hedging, planting, other screening materials or a combination of these materials. 22. Parking lots should be heavily landscaped for comfort and visual interest and to minimize heat gain caused by large contiguous paved surfaces. a. The planting of one tree for every six parking spaces should be used as a benchmark for commercial developments that require more than 20 parking spaces. 23. Paths, parking areas, and entry areas should be sufficiently lighted to ensure pedestrian comfort and security. a. All exterior lighting should be directed to the ground and oriented so as not to create a direct glare on neighbouring properties or buildings. 24. Site design shall apply Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design principles to reduce crime and nuisance opportunities and enhance safety where appropriate. © City of Williams Lake City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 165 Adaptability + Sustainable Building 25. Encourage the use of green-building guidelines and rating systems such as BuiltGreen and LEED18. 26. Every parking lot must be electric vehicle (EV) charger ready (i.e., lines in the ground) and should provide at least 1 EV charger per site. 27. Explore tools for incorporating energy efficiency and renewable, low-impact energy sources through new development, major renovations, and expansions of existing buildings. 28. Promote high efficiency heating and cooling systems that reduce energy losses and energy consumption. 29. Encourage hydronic (hot water heating) buildings in areas that have potential for future district energy systems, such as new major development sites, near major institutions, and the City Centre. 30. Energy-efficient lighting should be strongly encouraged in all developments. 31. Rain gardens, bioswales, and permeable materials are strongly encouraged to absorb stormwater runoff and reduce irrigation needs. 18 . The Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) Green Building Rating System™ encourages and accelerates global adoption of sustainable green building and development practices through the creation and implementation of universally understood and accepted tools and performance criteria. New development is encouraged to incorporate energy-efficient design, EV-ready parking, and low-impact building systems that support long-term sustainability and reduced environmental impact. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 166 DPA 3: Commercial and Light Industrial Corridor Map City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 167 Schedule 2.4 DPA 4: Steep Slopes, Landslide, + Escarpment Hazards DESIGNATION The Steep Slopes, Landslide, and Escarpment Hazards Development Permit Area (DPA 4) is designated pursuant to Section 488(1)(b) of the Local Government Act for: - protection of development from hazardous conditions. DPA-4 consists of three sub-areas: - DPA-4: Steep Slopes, in respect of steep slopes and rockfall hazards hazards; - DPA-4: Landslide, in respect of landslides; and - DPA-4: Escarpment Hazards, in respect of escarpment hazards. A property may fall within more than one sub-area, in which case the guidelines for each applicable sub-area shall apply to the property cumulatively, to the extent they differ. JUSTIFICATION The Natural Hazards section of the Official Community Plan (Chapter 11) provides additional context on landslide and slope stability risk and whether development should be restricted or prohibited. A Geotechnical Hazard Area Mapping and Assessment report (2023) maps and characterizes past, current, and potential geotechnical hazard areas within and around the City of Williams Lake. The DPA:4 Steep Slopes, Landslide, and Escarpment Hazards Development Permit Area boundaries are reflected by features identified by this assessment. The report anticipates higher risk of landslides, rockfall, and other signs of land instability due to projected increases in temperature and precipitation in Central British Columbia. Climate-induced changes may impact the probability of erosion within the River Valley. The report identified some areas in which development should be prohibited due to extreme risk to life and property, such as the River Valley bottom and escarpment areas and talus slopes. The purpose of DPA 4 is to reduce the risk to human life and property by limiting or managing development within areas identified as having landslide hazards, rock fall hazards or areas with slopes greater than 30%. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 168 Hazardous conditions may still occur outside the defined Steep Slopes, Landslide + Escarpment Hazard DPA 4, and the City does not assume any liability by reason of its failure to delineate areas on the area map. Responsibility for the safety of any development and liability arising from such development continues to rest exclusively with the property owner and not the City. Unless an owner obtains a development permit, or an exemption applies, within DPA-4: - land must not be subdivided; - construction of, addition to or alteration of a building or other structure must not be started; and - land must not be altered. GUIDELINES The following design guidelines will be used in reviewing development permit applications as set out in this Official Community Plan. It is important that any plan submitted for a development permit demonstrate consideration of the objectives and design guidelines. AFFECTED PROPERTIES The Steep Slopes, Landslide, and Escarpment Development Permit Area (DPA-4) applies to: - All areas identified as subject to steep slopes ("DPA 4: Steep Slopes"), landslides & rockfall hazards ("DPA 4: Landslide"), or escarpment hazard ("DPA 4: Escarpment Hazard") in the DPA-4: Steep Slopes, Landslide, and Escarpment Hazards Map. EXEMPTIONS A development permit is not required for the following activities in DPA-4: Steep Slopes, Landslide, and Escarpment Hazards: - Construction, addition, or alteration of accessory buildings or structures where there is no human occupation. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 169 Steep Slope and Rockfall Hazards Within DPA 4: Steep Slopes: 1. Development shall not occur on slopes greater than 30% without a geotechnical report, prepared by a registered professional geotechnical engineer, which confirms that the proposed development may be undertaken safely, and specifies conditions, if any, for that to be achieved. These conditions may form the conditions for the development permit. The report must adhere to the EGBC Professional Practice Guidelines, and: a. Native slope, depth of topsoil/depth to rock, soil type must be shown on a Grading and Subdivision Development Plan. b. Any slopes greater than 30% must be preserved as undisturbed unless roads are required to access developments. c. Significant or mass grading of hillsides for development is to be avoided. 2. Developments within rockfall hazard areas may require a geotechnical report, prepared by a registered professional geotechnical engineer, which confirms that the proposed development is permissible and specifies conditions or construction practices that may be avoided, to mitigate the potential hazards to properties below. 3. A stormwater management plan may be required by a qualified professional to limit impervious surface and manage erosion, sediment, and run-off as per the City's Subdivision and Development Servicing Bylaw for all developments. 4. Removal of vegetation is not permitted unless reviewed and supported by a qualified environmental professional, who may make recommendations which may become conditions of the development permit, to mitigate any negative impacts to the natural environment. a. Exposed slopes shall be re-vegetated as quickly as possible to prevent erosion and slope stability problems, even for temporary topsoil stockpiles. 5. A Soil Removal and Deposit Permit may be required unless otherwise specifically permitted under the most current Soil Removal and Deposit Bylaw for removal or regrading of the site. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 170 Landslide Hazards Within DPA 4: Landslide: 6. Development shall not occur without a geotechnical report, prepared by a registered professional geotechnical engineer, which confirms that the proposed development may be undertaken safely, and specifies conditions, if any, for that to be achieved. The report must adhere to the EGBC Professional Practice Guidelines. Recommendations from the geotechnical report may become conditions of the development permit. A development permit may not be issued unless the report clearly demonstrates and includes appropriate recommendations to mitigate any potential risks. 7. Depending on the size, location, and complexity of the development site conditions, a Storm Water/ Drainage Management Plan may be required for the entire site and downstream drainage areas. a. Services and utilities requiring underground piping should use alternative and flexible piping materials to avoid leaks or cracking caused by gradual ground movements. 8. Removal of vegetation is not permitted unless reviewed and supported by a qualified environmental professional, who may make recommendations which may become conditions of the development permit, to mitigate any negative impacts to the natural environment. a. Exposed slopes shall be re-vegetated as quickly as possible to prevent erosion and slope stability problems, even for temporary topsoil stockpiles. Escarpment Hazards With in DPA 4: Escarpment Hazards: 9. A geotechnical report, prepared by a registered professional geotechnical engineer, which confirms that the proposed development is permissible and specifies conditions, if any, under which it may safely proceed, may be required for all new developments. The report must adhere to the EGBC Professional Practice Guidelines. Recommendations from the geotechnical report may become conditions of the development permit, and identify: a. Safe building setbacks from the escarpment crest should be shown. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 171 b. The proposed use of the property should be reviewed with respect to continued slope stability. c. Site grading and proposed land use impact on water infiltration into ground and run off near the escarpment should be considered with the conditions or recommendations included in the report to limit the impact. d. Risks to persons and property downslope of the development due to foreseeable future uses of the land should be considered. 10. New development may require ensure a 10 metre green space buffer between the top of the escarpment with the addition or retention of native and xeric trees, shrubs, grasses and ground covers to encourage the natural stabilization of the slope. 11. Removal of vegetation is not permitted unless reviewed and supported by a qualified environmental professional, who may make recommendations which may become conditions of the development permit, to mitigate any negative impacts to the natural environment. a. Exposed slopes shall be re-vegetated as quickly as possible to prevent erosion and slope stability problems, even for temporary topsoil stockpiles. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 172 DPA 4: Steep Slopes, Landslide, and Escarpment Hazards Map City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 173 Schedule 2.5 DPA 5: Wildfire Hazard DESIGNATION The Wildfire Hazard Development Permit Area (DPA 5) is designated pursuant to Section 488(1)(b) of the Local Government Act for: - protection of development from hazardous conditions JUSTIFICATION The Natural Hazards section of the Official Community Plan (Chapter 11) provides additional context on wildfire risk and ways to protect life and property. Wildfires pose a threat to both natural ecosystems and urban areas in and around Williams Lake, which is particularly vulnerable to wildfires due to its dry summers and forested landscape. Williams Lake has faced serious wildfire threats in the past, including evacuation alerts and nearby fires. Given the city's layout and surrounding forests, wind-driven embers pose a risk to every property within city limits. To address these risks, the Wildfire Hazard Development Permit Area (DPA 5) and related Development Approval Information Area have been established with the following objectives: - Minimize wildfire risk to people, property, and nearby forests through responsible development and mitigation measures that also consider environmental impacts. - Support fire suppression and containment by managing conditions that influence fire behaviors. - Protect visual and ecological forest values for present and future generations. - Reduce post-wildfire hazards such as landslides, debris flows, and erosion. A wildfire burns in the Williams Lake River Valley during the summer of 2024. © City of Williams Lake City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 174 The DPA-5 promotes proactive, risk-aware planning for all future development. However, property owners, not the City, remain fully responsible for the safety and liability of their developments. Hazardous conditions may still occur outside the defined Wildfire Hazard DPA 5, and the City does not assume any liability by reason of the failure to delineate areas on this map. Unless an owner obtains a development permit, or an exemption applies, within DPA 5: - Land must not be subdivided; - Construction of, addition to or alteration of a building or other structure must not be started; and - Land must not be altered. AFFECTED PROPERTIES The Wildfire Hazard Development Permit Area (DPA-5) applies to: - All areas identified in the DPA 5: Wildfire Hazard Map EXEMPTIONS Development permits under DPA-5 are not required if any of the following apply: - After completion of a Wildfire Hazard Assessment prepared by a qualified professional, providing recommendations and is registered on title; - Construction, addition, or alteration to not exceed 30 metres squared (323 sq. ft.) for a one- storey accessory structure (4.5 metres in height) is proposed and where no variance(s) of the Zoning Bylaw is required; - Any proposed structure is at least 250 metres from the forest; and/or - The property owner acknowledges wildfire risks as part of building permit application process and a Wildfire Development Permit has been previously issued, conditions continue to be met, and new construction meets the guidelines. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 175 GUIDELINES The following design guidelines will be used in reviewing Development Permit applications as set out in this Official Community Plan. It is important that any plan submitted for a Development Permit demonstrate consideration of the objectives and design guidelines. Building Materials The following fire resistive materials and construction practices shall be required for all subject development in the Wildfire Hazard DPA: 1. Building design and construction should be consistent with the highest current wildfire protection standards published by the National Fire Protection Association or any similar, successor or replacement body that may exist from time to time. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 176 2. Roof coverings shall conform to Class A or B fire resistance as defined in the BC Building Code or be materials meeting CAN/ULC-S114, "test for determination of non- combustibility in building materials". 3. Gutters shall be constructed out of non-combustible material. 4. All vents shall be screened with corrosion resistant, minimum 3- millimetre non-combustible wire mesh (excluding dryer vents). 5. All eaves shall be enclosed with properly fitted soffits and fascia. Soffits should be non-combustible. 6. All material used for exterior wall finishes shall be fire resistant, such as stucco, metal siding, brick, cement shingles, concrete block, poured concrete, rock, logs, and heavy timbers. 7. All windows shall be tempered, double paned or greater. 8. Decks shall be constructed of non-combustible, Class A or B fire-rated materials. 9. Open areas under decks, porches and manufactured homes shall be skirted with a fire-resistant material. 10. Fencing within 1.5 metres of a structure should be constructed with non-combustible material. For any fencing, use a non-combustible material such as metal or a fire- resistant composite material. If a wood fence is installed, ensure there is at least a 1.5- metre non-combustible break between the wood portion of the fence and the home (e.g., a metal gate). Vegetation - Immediate Zone (0 - 1.5 metres) - A 1.5 metre non-combustible surface should extend around the structure and any attachments such as decks. Vegetation and other flammable materials shall not be present in this zone. FireSmart building materials and landscaping practices help protect homes and neighbourhoods from the risk of wildfire while helping to maintain a safe, resilient community. © FireSmart City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 177 - Juniper and cedar hedges shall not be planted within this zone. - Bark mulch shall not be used within this zone. Vegetation - Intermediate Zone (1.5 - 10 metres) - Coniferous trees can be present in this zone provided they are limbed up to two metres from branch to ground, there are no shrubs or heavy accumulation of vegetation below the drip line, and the siding of the home is non- combustible. If this cannot be accomplished, coniferous trees shall not be present in this zone. - Juniper and cedar hedges shall not be planted within this zone. - Bark mulch shall not be used within this zone. Vegetation - Extended Zone (10 - 30 metres) - Coniferous tree's can be present in this zone provided they are limbed up to two metres from branch to ground, and crown spacing is greater than 3 metres (where ecologically appropriate) - Juniper and cedar hedges shall not be planted within this zone - Bark mulch should be avoided Slope Setback - Dwellings, decks, and any attached structures should not be in direct contact with slopes exceeding a gradient of 10 degrees. Where such placement is unavoidable due to site constraints, the required defensible space setbacks shall be modified as follows: the Immediate Zone shall be increased from 0 - 1.5 metres to 0 - 3.0 metres, the Intermediate Zone shall be increased from 1.5 - 10 metres to 3.0 - 20 metres, and the Extended Zone shall be modified from 10 - 30 metres to 20 - 60 metres. FireSmart practices in landscaping, such as non-combustible zones, proper tree spacing and slope setbacks, help protect homes from wildfire spread. © FireSmart City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 178 DPA 5: Wildfire Hazard Map City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 179 Schedule 3 Agricultural Land Reserve Map City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 180 Schedule 4 Major Road Network Map City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 181 Schedule 5 Active Transportation Network Map City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 182 Schedule 6 Potable Water System Map City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 183 Schedule 7 Stormwater Network Map City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 184 Schedule 8 Sanitary Sewer Map City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 185 Schedule 9 Temporary Use Permits DESIGNATION Temporary Use Permits are included as an interim (short term) alternative for proposed land uses that may not warrant a permanent change to the land use designation or zoning of land. Temporary uses are typically of a trial/interim nature or are a seasonal/occasional use. Temporary Use Permits may be issued for new land uses on specific properties that are not otherwise allowed by a land use designation in the OCP or in a zone in the Zoning Bylaw. Conditions may be specified by Council or Council's delegate respecting any required changes to the property to allow the temporary use, and any restoration to the property following expiration of the permit. Pursuant to the Local Government Act, a Temporary Use Permit can be issued for up to three years, with the possibility of one renewal for up to an additional three years. If a local government delegates the power to issue a Temporary Use Permit under Section. 493 of the Local Government Act the owner of land that is subject to the decision of the delegate is entitled to have the local government reconsider the matter. Pursuant to Sections 492 of the Local Government Act, all lands within the boundaries of the City of Williams Lake, as shown in Schedule 1, are designated as areas in which temporary uses may be permitted. GENERAL CONDITIONS On application by an owner of land, a local government may issue a Temporary Use Permit as follows: - by resolution, in relation to land within an area designated in Schedule 1. A Temporary Use Permit may do one or more of the following: - allow a use not permitted by a zoning bylaw; - specify conditions under which the temporary use may be carried on; and/or - allow and regulate the construction of buildings or structures in respect of the use for which the permit is issued. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 186 The following matters must be considered when considering whether to approve an application for a Temporary Use Permit: - Compatibility of the proposed temporary use with any existing uses on the property and surrounding area, and the land use designation and OCP policies; - Potential impacts on adjacent properties, environmentally sensitive areas, and existing servicing and transportation infrastructure; - Completion and incorporation of any public consultation with impacted community members to address immediate concerns; - The ability of the use to generate economic activity and support OCP objectives; - Identified community need and market demand for the proposed use; - The proposed use is temporary, any associated site alterations -- including buildings, structures, foundations, or other physical works -- should be temporary in nature and capable of being removed or restored upon expiry of the Temporary Use Permit; and - The proposed use does not result in any undesirable sights, sounds, odours, lighting, or other impacts on adjacent and nearby residents, businesses, and properties. The City may impose conditions as part of a Temporary Use Permit that include hours of operation, gross floor area, site coverage, landscaping, site rehabilitation, screening and fencing, and other matters deemed appropriate by the City. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 187 Schedule 10 Development Approval Information The objective of Development Approval Information (DAI) is to ensure a development proposal is consistent with the community's broader planning goals and policies as outlined in the Official Community Plan. The establishment of DAI authority, under Part 14 Division 6 in the Local Government Act, means local government can require information about the potential impacts a proposed land use or development may have on the environment, municipal infrastructure, and public facilities before approval is considered. A municipality establishing DAI authority must, by bylaw, establish procedures and policies governing when it can require development approval information and the information that may be required. The bylaw will also outline the process for requesting a reconsideration of DAI requirements and specify situations where a public information meeting may be necessary. Development Approval Information may be required for the following circumstances: - Zoning Bylaw amendments; - Temporary Use Permits; and/or - Development Permits. The Development Approval Information helps to ensure that future development considers potential impacts to: - The natural environment; - Transportation patterns and networks; - Local infrastructure (sanitary sewer, water supply, stormwater management); - Public facilities (schools and parks and community services); and/or - Tenants who are or may be displaced by a redevelopment as defined in section 63.1 of the Community Charter. All lands located within the boundaries of the city, as shown in Schedule 1, are designated as the area within which Development Approval Information may be required. City of Williams Lake | 2025 Official Community Plan 188 Developed by CitySpaces Consulting Ltd., in close collaboration with City of Williams Lake staff: Jessica Ball Jeff Bernardy Marie Whitehead Beth Veenkamp