{
 "answer": "In the City of London, Ontario, permit required: True; applies to private property: False; protected threshold: Any tree (woody perennial) capable of reaching 4.5 metres height at maturity, on City boulevards; replacement required: Abutting owner must pay fees per Schedule \"A\" covering estimated costs of removing tree and purchasing and planting similar new trees. Source: Boulevard Tree Protection By-law - CP-22; Consolidated Tree Protection By-law - C.P.-1555-252, verified 2026-08-28.",
 "municipality_id": "gx-001607",
 "municipality": "London",
 "status_type": "City",
 "jurisdiction": "Ontario",
 "country": "CA",
 "topic": "trees",
 "label": "Trees & tree removal",
 "status": "found",
 "last_verified": "2026-08-28",
 "official_website": "https://london.ca/",
 "documents": [
  {
   "primary": true,
   "is_official": true,
   "title": "Boulevard Tree Protection By-law - CP-22",
   "category": "trees",
   "document_type": "bylaw",
   "status": "adopted",
   "adopted_date": "2019-03-05",
   "document_url": "https://london.ca/by-laws/boulevard-tree-protection-law-cp-22",
   "summary": "Prohibits injuring or destroying any tree on a City boulevard and planting trees on boulevards without City consent; owner must pay the City's cost to remove/replace a boulevard tree on request.",
   "discovered_by": "on-newcats",
   "discovered_at": "2026-08-29",
   "capture_sha256": "e979ccffd099c16eb9170e59334f9caf84b432cda76104aa9e17468c29dcc2c5",
   "captured_at": "2026-08-29T14:33:34+00:00",
   "capture_http_status": 200,
   "snapshot_url": "https://pub-e61c5ee2a8704225bfa8de0c280e8a2c.r2.dev/bylaws/e979ccffd099c16eb9170e59334f9caf84b432cda76104aa9e17468c29dcc2c5.html",
   "link_dead": false,
   "facts": {
    "permit_required": true,
    "applies_to_private_property": false,
    "protected_threshold": "Any tree (woody perennial) capable of reaching 4.5 metres height at maturity, on City boulevards",
    "replacement_required": "Abutting owner must pay fees per Schedule \"A\" covering estimated costs of removing tree and purchasing and planting similar new trees",
    "boulevard_trees": "No person may injure, destroy, plant, or attach objects to boulevard trees without written permission of Deputy City Manager",
    "fine_range": "Minimum fine of $500.00 and maximum fine of $100,000.00"
   },
   "fact_citations": {
    "permit_required": "s. 5.2",
    "applies_to_private_property": "s. 3.1",
    "protected_threshold": "s. 2.1 \"Tree\" definition",
    "replacement_required": "s. 6.5(3)(a)",
    "boulevard_trees": "s. 5.2",
    "fine_range": "s. 9.3"
   },
   "transcript_url": "/ca/on/london/trees/text-e979ccffd099/",
   "transcript_quality": "exact"
  },
  {
   "primary": true,
   "is_official": true,
   "title": "Consolidated Tree Protection By-law - C.P.-1555-252",
   "category": "trees",
   "document_type": "bylaw",
   "status": "adopted",
   "adopted_date": "2020-11-24",
   "document_url": "https://london.ca/by-laws/consolidated-tree-protection-law",
   "summary": "Prohibits injuring/destroying trees ≥50 cm diameter within the Urban Growth Boundary, and all trees in designated Tree Protection Areas, without a permit; sets replacement-tree schedule by trunk diameter.",
   "discovered_by": "on-newcats",
   "discovered_at": "2026-08-29",
   "capture_sha256": "282a9e87cd3964ab0b36e8a8c47502e48d41d24dc4905628a63259c42dffadb3",
   "captured_at": "2026-08-29T14:33:34+00:00",
   "capture_http_status": 200,
   "snapshot_url": "https://pub-e61c5ee2a8704225bfa8de0c280e8a2c.r2.dev/bylaws/282a9e87cd3964ab0b36e8a8c47502e48d41d24dc4905628a63259c42dffadb3.html",
   "link_dead": false,
   "facts": {
    "permit_required": true,
    "applies_to_private_property": true,
    "protected_threshold": "Trees with trunk diameter of 50cm or greater (measured 1.4m above Natural Ground Level) within the Urban Growth Boundary (Distinctive Trees), and all trees of any size within a Tree Protection Area",
    "replacement_required": "Replacement Trees must be planted on the same Site per Schedule A chart (1 tree for 50cm trunk diameter, scaling to 11 trees for >141cm); where insufficient space, $350 per Replacement Tree that cannot be planted on-site (Fee for Off-Site Tree Planting)",
    "boulevard_trees": "City Boulevard Tree By-law applies; this By-law does not apply to boulevard boundary trees",
    "fine_range": "Minimum $500, maximum $100,000 (regular fine); continuing offence $500–$10,000/day; special fine up to $200,000 in addition to regular fine"
   },
   "fact_citations": {
    "permit_required": "s. 6.1, s. 6.2 — \"except under authority of a Permit, no person shall Injure or Destroy\"",
    "applies_to_private_property": "s. 3.1 — \"This By-law applies to private property in the City of London\"",
    "protected_threshold": "s. 3.1(a) and (b)",
    "replacement_required": "s. 9.2(a), s. 9.2(b), Schedule A",
    "boulevard_trees": "s. 7.6 — \"the City's Boulevard Tree By-law will apply and this By-law will not apply\"",
    "fine_range": "s. 14.3 (minimum $500, maximum $100,000); s. 14.4 ($500–$10,000/day continuing offence); s. 14.5 (special fine maximum $200,000)"
   },
   "transcript_url": "/ca/on/london/trees/text-282a9e87cd39/",
   "transcript_quality": "exact"
  }
 ],
 "source": "https://govanswers.org/ca/on/london/trees/"
}