{
 "answer": "In the Regional Municipality of Niagara, Ontario, permit required: True; applies to private property: True; protected threshold: Trees in Woodlands: ≥1,000 trees of any size/ha, or ≥750 trees >5 cm DBH/ha, or ≥500 trees >12 cm DBH/ha, or ≥250 trees >20 cm DBH/ha; woodland ≥1 ha; replacement required: Court or Officer may order rehabilitation of land or planting/replanting of trees, including silvicultural treatment. Source: By-law No. 2020-79 - Woodland Conservation By-law (as amended by 2025-24), verified 2026-08-29.",
 "municipality_id": "gx-001725",
 "municipality": "Regional Municipality of Niagara",
 "status_type": "Regional municipality",
 "jurisdiction": "Ontario",
 "country": "CA",
 "topic": "trees",
 "label": "Trees & tree removal",
 "status": "found",
 "last_verified": "2026-08-29",
 "official_website": "http://www.niagararegion.ca/",
 "documents": [
  {
   "primary": true,
   "is_official": true,
   "title": "By-law No. 2020-79 - Woodland Conservation By-law (as amended by 2025-24)",
   "category": "trees",
   "document_type": "bylaw",
   "status": "adopted",
   "adopted_date": "2020-10-22",
   "document_url": "https://www.niagararegion.ca/government/bylaws/pdf/by-law-2020-79.pdf",
   "summary": "Prohibits or regulates the destruction or injuring of trees in designated Woodlands across Niagara Region; requires a permit to injure or destroy trees in Woodlands and promotes Good Forestry Practices.",
   "discovered_by": "on-newcats",
   "discovered_at": "2026-08-29",
   "capture_sha256": "020ef65b11d8ece2b9789376601803a228bf23bbc18296d1178d98180e07aac6",
   "captured_at": "2026-08-29T14:33:34+00:00",
   "capture_http_status": 200,
   "snapshot_url": "https://pub-e61c5ee2a8704225bfa8de0c280e8a2c.r2.dev/bylaws/020ef65b11d8ece2b9789376601803a228bf23bbc18296d1178d98180e07aac6.pdf",
   "link_dead": false,
   "facts": {
    "permit_required": true,
    "applies_to_private_property": true,
    "protected_threshold": "Trees in Woodlands: ≥1,000 trees of any size/ha, or ≥750 trees >5 cm DBH/ha, or ≥500 trees >12 cm DBH/ha, or ≥250 trees >20 cm DBH/ha; woodland ≥1 ha",
    "replacement_required": "Court or Officer may order rehabilitation of land or planting/replanting of trees, including silvicultural treatment",
    "fine_range": "First conviction: up to $10,000 or $1,000/tree (whichever greater); subsequent: up to $25,000 or $2,500/tree; corporation: up to $50,000 or $5,000/tree; continuing offence: $100–$10,000/day, total may exceed $100,000"
   },
   "fact_citations": {
    "permit_required": "s. 3.1.b",
    "applies_to_private_property": "s. 3.1 — \"No Person … shall Injure or Destroy any Tree located in Woodlands\"",
    "protected_threshold": "s. 1.32, s. 2.1",
    "replacement_required": "s. 10.3 — \"order the Person to rehabilitate the land or to plant or replant Trees\"",
    "fine_range": "s. 10.1.a, s. 10.1.b, s. 10.2.a, s. 10.2.b"
   },
   "transcript_url": "/ca/on/regional-municipality-of-niagara/trees/text-020ef65b11d8/",
   "transcript_quality": "exact"
  }
 ],
 "source": "https://govanswers.org/ca/on/regional-municipality-of-niagara/trees/"
}