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## THE CORPORATION OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF THAMES CENTRE
## BY-LAW NO. 84-2002
uncally o Thames Giterines fortre planting within the
## (Tree Planting Guidelines)
WHEREAS the Municipal Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. M.45 Section 312(4) authorizes the Council of every municipality to pass by-laws for authorizing, regulating and prohibiting the planting of shade or ornamental trees upon or adjacent to any public highway;
AND WHEREAS the Council of The Corporation of the Municipality of Thames Centre deems it is expedient to adopt guidelines for regulating and prohibiting the planting of shade or ornamental trees upon or adjacent to any public highway;
NOW THEREFORE the Council of The Corporation of the Municipality of Thames Centre HEREBY ENACTS AS FOLLOWS:
- THAT the tree planting guidelines described in Schedule 'A' attached hereto and forming a part of this By-law be and the same are hereby adopted by the Municipality of Thames Centre as guidelines for tree planting within the urban areas of the Municipality of Thames Centre.
- THAT the tree planting guidelines described in Schedule B' attached hereto and forming a part of this By-law be and the same are hereby adopted by the Municipality of Thames Centre as guidelines for tre lanting within the rural areas of the Municipality of Thames Centre
3. "HAT By-law No. 44-97 adopted by the former Township of West Nissou in the 18'h day of August, 1997 be and the same is hereby repealec
- THAT this By-law shall come into force and take effect upon the final passing thereof.
READ a FIRST and SECOND time this 28th day of October, 2002.
READ a THIRD time and FINALLY PASSED this 28th day of October, 2002.
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Ollat Man
Mayor, A. Marr
Nasreechia
lerk, M. Casavecchi
LDY BAD INDER
Highweys
\_Kegulatog
Rords+ Streets
)
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## INTRODUCTION
Tree planting on the public right-of-way is a long term initiative. What is done today can have a serious impact on street tree maintenance activities for years to come. It is therefore imperative that tree planting be done with care and planning. Planning is critical to ensure that the final product is sustainable and aesthetically pleasing. Trees of similar shape but different species, if carefully selected, will provide the desired effect of tree arch over the street. The mix of species is essential to reduce the chances of insect epidemics, to guard against the spread of disease as trees are trimmed in efficient block treatments, to prevent widespread neighbourhood complaints and to eliminate extensive tree removal programs when single species planting die (eg. Dutch Elm Disease on American Elm, Verticillium wilt on Norway Maples).
Designs which reflect strong linear patterns are encouraged to consider the breaking up of patterns through use of random plantings of diversified species composition. Consideration should be given to adjacent lands where existing street trees may exist to ensure that continuous plantings are not created, in particular infill projects of limited frontage.
In general, good common sense is required in the planning and planting of trees but several guidelines are provided in the following to ensure that future homeowner and civic problems are minimized.
## GUIDELINES
## 1.0 PROFESSIONAL CERTIFICATION
The services of a tree care professional such as Ontario Registered Professional Forester or a member of the Ontario Association of Landscape Architects in good standing must be retained. This is to ensure that an appropriate concept tree planting plan which considers species diversity, tree form, location and design can be prepared. The concept tree planting plan stamped by the R.P.F. or L.A. is to be shown on the standard plan of subdivision drawing or grading plan which shows lot dimensions (particularly frontages) as prepared by the consulting engineer. concept in nature and shows the species of tree on each lot. The working detail identifying the actual planting locations, i.e. distance from driveways, hydrants, lights, etc. must be reviewed between the designer and landscaper at the time of tree installation. The actual tree locations must be adjusted, deleted or added as the built environment dictates according to the specifications in these guidelines. Appendix 1 is an example of the tree planting concept plan. The drawing must include tree planting detail (Appendix2), tree location with sidewalk or without sidewalk (Appendix 3) and general notes (Appendix 4) with the soil type indicated and a legend indicating tree species on each lot. The plan is to be submitted to the Municipality for approval. Drawings will be stamped, signed and dated once reviewed and/or approved by the Municipality. The R.P.F. or L.A. must also be retained to assess the planting and communicate with the Municipality with respect to provisional and final acceptance recommendations at the 1 year and 2 year growing season post planting dates. The simplified process including responsibility is outlined in Appendix 7. The tree assessment criteria are outlined in Appendix 8.
## SCHEDULE 'A' to By-law No. 84-2002
## MUNICIPALITY OF THAMES CENTRE
## TREE PLANTING GUIDELINES
## FOR URBAN AREAS
2002
## 2.0 TREE LOCATION
The use of common sense when locating and planting trees is vital since there is tremendous variation in boulevard conditions. Tree planting is to be under taken after each lot has been developed and the final grading and sodding completed; NOT BEFORE. This will reduce tree stress and mortality. The overall goal is to plant one tree per lot or a tree every 15 metres (50 ft) where practical and where growing space is available. Since large trees contribute more to the environment than small ones, the largest tree at maturity that fits the location is to be planted. The following are guidelines which will help
## 2.1 All trees are to be planted on Municipal property.
## Lot Width Considerations (See Figure 1)
The intent is to plant 1 tree/ lot or a tree every 15 metres (50 ft) where practical and where suitable growing space is available. The lot width and curb to property line information must be combined to choose the best size of tree. Consider the following in combination with figure 1.
- 2.2 Plant one tree per lot centered approximately in the green space between the side yard property boundaries.
- 2.3 Where lot width is less than or equal to 9M (30ft), plant one tree per lot selecting a small shade or ornamental tree, depending on spacial constraints (Fig. 1) from the Approved Street Trees (Appendix 5).
- 2.4 Where lot width is between 9M (30 ft) and 15M (50 ft), plant one tree per lot selecting a large or small shade to ornamental tree, depending on spacial constraints (Fig. 1), from the approved Street Trees (Appendix 5).
- Where lot width is 15M (50 ft) or larger, plant one tree per lot selecting a large or small shade to ornamental tree, depending on spacial constraints (Fig. 1), from the Approved Street Trees (Appendix 5).
## Curb to Property Line Considerations (see Appendix 3 and Figure 1)
- 2.6 Where no sidewalks exist or where sidewalk construction is not planned, plant trees 1 meter outside the private property boundary on municipal property.
- 2.7 Where a boulevard between curb and sidewalk exists, that is greater than 2M (6 ft), plant large to small trees in the centre of the boulevard - assuming no overhead utility.
- 2.8 Where a boulevard between curb and sidewalk exists that is 1.2 m (4 ft) to 2 m (6 ft) plant, ornamental or small shade trees in the centre of the boulevard.
- 2.9 Trees are not to be planted on boulevards which are less than 1.2 m (4 ft) wide.
## Other Considerations
- 2.10 Plant only ornamental tree varieties under high voltage overhead utility wires. Large and small shade trees are permitted near single phase, street light cable under such wie service cables. The leader of the tree should not be directly
- 2.11 No tree is to be planted closer than 2 meters (6.7 ft) to a driveway, lead sidewalk going into a property, underground vault, storm or sanitary sewer.
- 2.12 No tree is to be planted closer than 15 meters (50 ft) to a stop sign or traffic signal light.
- 2.13 No tree is to be planted closer than 6 meters (20 ft) to a street light pole, fire hydrant.
- 2.14 Trees only are to be planted on cul-de-sac islands 3 meters (10 ft) behind the curb at 12, 3 and 9 o'clock. Leave the 6 o'clock position at the entrance to the cul-de-sac open for snow piling.
- 2.15 Trees should not be planted in a direct line with the drainage swale between lots or directly above underground utilities.
Figure 1: Tree size in combination with lot width, boulevard width and other factors.
| | | LOT WIDTH | LOT WIDTH | LOT WIDTH |
|-------------|-------------------------------|-------------|----------------|---------------|
| | | < 30- (9 M) | 30 - 50 9-15 M | > 50° (>15 M) |
| BLVD. WIDTH | >6° (> 2 M) | | L | L |
| | 4' - 6' (1.2-2 M) | | | |
| | <4° (1.2 M) | NO TREE | NO TREE | NO TREE |
| | NO SIDEWALK | | L | L |
| | OVERHEAD HIGH VOLTAGE PRESENT | | | |
Legend: S = small shade L = large shade
## 3.0 TREE SPECIES/TIMING:
Species diversity is a goal to ensure variety, uneven aged trees, right tree in the right place and low incidence of pests and complaint calls.
- 3.1 All street trees are to be deciduous or broad leaved trees appropriate for Plant Hardiness Zone GA.
- 3.2 A random design of street trees is most desirable to provide built-in resistance to insect and disease problems. Therefore, no more than four trees of one species or variety are to be planted on one side of the street in a row rees may be matched one side of the street to the other (maximum of matched trees). No species shall exceed 15% of the number of trees planted in each plan submitted. Where several phases make up the M-Plan the plan should reflect the character of plantings in adjacent phases
esigns which reflect strong linear patterns are encouraged to consider ti reaking up of patterns through use of random plantings of diversified speci composition. Consideration should be given to adjacent lands where existin street trees may exist to ensure that continuous plantings are not created, il
- 3.3 Trees with similar shape, (eg. vase, oval, upright) are to be selected to provide a closed canopy effect. Only in extenuating circumstances are trees of the ame species be planted in numbers exceeding four in a row (eg. a four - wa ntersection may have 32 trees only if a design statement is requires
- 3.4 No species other than those listed in Appendix 5 are to be planted without consulting the Municipality. Take care to recognize all characteristics of the mature tree in making species selections.
- 3.5 Trees with large or messy fruit may be planted in limited situations; trees wit arge thorns are not permitted and species such as poplar and willow are no ermitted for street tree planting. Coniferous needle-bearing trees or othe pecies are not to be planted on the right-of-way where they will cause sigh line obstructions.
O = Ornamental tree
- 3.6 Tree substitutions will only be considered in exceptional circumstances. seasons to allow for spring and fall plant material diversity.
- 3.7 Trees are to be planted as the development continues and at a maximum, 1 year after the date on the Final Lot Grading Certificate as prepared by the Consulting Engineer.
## 4.0 TREE SIZE/HEALTH
## 4.1 Stem Size
The minimum acceptable tree caliper is 50 mm (2 in) measured at 15 cm (6 in) above the stem flare. All trees must be single stemmed.
## 4.2 Tree Health
Trees must be in good health with no bark scrapes, broken branches, insect or disease presence, heading back or excessive root pruning
## 4.3 Tree Form
Tree form must meet the Canadian National Nurseryman's Standards, i.e. branch scaffold must be well established, main leader must be preserved growth over the past three years must be well developed, stem must be single.
## 4.4 Root Ball
Only trees dug with a tree spade and balled and burlapped are acceptable. No false root balls will be approved. All trees must be balled and burlap or wire basket. Balls with nylon rope will not be accepted unless completely removed from the tree pit.
## 4.5 Guarantee
All trees must be guaranteed for a minimum of two growing seasons after the planting date. A growing season is May 1 to September 1.
## 4.6 rovisional Acceptance
The R.P.F. or L.A. is responsible for contacting the Municipality and providing lis of species, at each address at the completion of planting as this will trigger provisional acceptance. The communication must include a list of addresses planted, the species planted at each address (see Appendix 6) and a sample of the public notification card/pamphlet provided to each homeowner (see sec.
Provisional acceptance will be provided in writing to indicate that trees meet standards (See Appendix 8) and are planted in the proper location. The date of work or for planting of greater than 20 trees
## 4.7 Final Acceptance
## 4.8
## 4.9
Replacement trees are subject to the same quality standards as outlined in sections 4.1 - 4.4. Replacement trees must be planted within six months of written notification from the Municipality.
## 5.0 PLANTING DETAIL (see Appendix 2)
- 5.1 Hole Dimensions: Maximizing the hole diameter has been shown to be most beneficial to tree survival. Therefore, holes are to be dug as large as possible but at a minimum of 500 m. Meyer. larger all around than the soil ball. The hole must be deep enough to accommodate the ball but the bottom of the hole is to be undisturbed. The contractor/developer is responsible for obtaining all
- 5.2 Soil and Soil Amendments: No soil amendments are necessary under norma conditions. Any foreign debris (eg. bricks, dry wall) is to be removed from the hole and replaced with screened topsoil.
- 5.3 lanting Depth: Trees must be planted so that they are at the same root colla lepth as they were in the nursery. Tress planted in clay may be planted 75-10 n. Meyer high and tapered to the root collar. Soil in the bottom of the hol must not be disturbed. Do not mound soil around base of tree. A soil sauce 100 m. Meyer high is to be prepared to hold water at the outer limit of the planting hole. The root collar must be flush with finished grade (except where ay exists as noted above). Burlap, wire baskets and ropes must be remove om the top third of the ba
- 5.4 Fertilization: No fertilization is required at the time of planting.
- 5.5 Branch Trimming: Only broken, damaged, or cross over branches are to be trimmed. Trees with no leader or which have been "headed-back" will not be accepted.
- 5.6 Staking: A double 2 × 2" wooden stake system or equivalent is to be used. Stakes are inserted outside the root ball and tied to the tree using non-fungicide treated binder twine or approved alternative. Tie at top of stake to prevent trunk from hitting stake. Stakes should be in the direction of the prevailing wind t provide best support. All stakes and ties must be removed prior to the final acceptance.
- 5.7 Mulch: All trees are to be mulched with wood chips to a minimum depth of 100 m. Meyer (4 inches). The root ball diameter plus 500 m. Meyer (20 in.) all around is to be mulched. Do not mound soil/mulch around tree trunk. Do not
- 5.8 Stem Protection: A length of black, perforated plastic pipe 450 m. Meyer x 150 m. Meyer (18 in x 6 in) slit down one side is to be placed at the ground line on the stem of each tree. Mulch can be installed up to the pipe but not inside.
- Watering and Maintenance: All trees must be watered at the time of planting or natural causes.
## 6.0 PUBLIC RELATIONS:
- 6.1 Homeowner Notice: Homeowners are to be notified with a developer/landscaper card or pamphlet. The pamphlet should include information about the necessity to leave the woodchip mulch, do not trim tree do not remove the tree or guard, the existence of the two growing season guarantee period, do not pile soil around base of tree, etc.
- 6.2 Complaints: Complaints about survival, vandalism, and need for replacement trees are to be directed to the developer/landscaper. The drop off card must include the contact name and telephone number and a statement encouraging homeowners to retain the card for future reference.
- 6.3 Refusal: The developer/consultant/landscaper is to attempt to persuade a
homeowner who does not want a tree on municipal property to accept one. In the event that a strenuous refusal arises, the developer/consultant/landscaper is to indicate this on the tree planted list (Appendix 6). Refusals are allowed only in very exceptional circumstances.
## Example: TREE PLANTING NOTICE
A tree has been planted on Municipal property in front of your home. With your help, we can ensure the survival of our trees. Please pull weeds and grass from around the base of the tree, do not mound soil up around the stem, do not cut branches, roots or injure the bark on the tree. Feel free to water the tree twice a week if the weather is dry - otherwise it is probably not needed. If the tree dies and needs to be replaced please contact: \_ at (phone) clans card for le reference.
Municipality of Thames Centre Operations Department 4305 Hamilton Road Dorchester, ON NOL 1G3 Ph. 519-268-7334 Fax 519-268-3928
## TREE PLANTING CONCEPT PLAN:
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## TREE PLANTING DETAIL:
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## TYPICAL TREE LOCATION:
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## GENERAL NOTES:
1. All plant materials shall be # 1 nursery stock meeting Canadian Standards.
2. Stake all deciduous trees.
3. Dig all tree pits 500 m. Meyer larger all around than the root ball and place tree centered in pit on undisturbed soil. Backfill with parent material and replace debris (eg. brick, dry wall etc.) with screened topsoil.
4. For grading and drainage, see engineering plans prepared by
5. Specific tree location for each lot are to be determined by Tree Planting Guidelines set by the Municipality of Thames Centre and shown on Lot Grading Certification Plans.
6. All dimensions are in millimeters unless otherwise noted.
- All plant materials to be guaranteed for two growing seasons from the date of provisional acceptance.
8. Prior to the commencement of construction, all existing underground utilities within the limits of the construction site shall be located and marked. Any utilities damaged o disturbed during construction shall be repaired or replaced to the satisfaction of the Municipality of Thames Centre.
9. 'lant materials to be installed as shown; substitutions allowed only after consultatio vith the Landscape Consultant and the Municipality of Thames Centr
10. Predominant soil type in the area is
APPENDIX 4
## APPROVED STREET TREES:
The selection of trees for individual locations is a difficult process. It must give careful consideration to the neighbourhood and the existing conditions including soil type, moisture, available growing space above ground, proximity to hard phycical plant (hydro wires, gas, lighting, hydrants, vaults, sidewalks) and future rooting and growing space demands. In recommending the species in the table we recognize that they are not all suitable for all locations. Carefully select the species which posesses the characteristics which most closely meet the environmental conditions of each site (eg. Do not select salt sensitive species for high traffic areas.
## Other concerns include:
| * STRESS | → considers the tolerance to conditions such as compacted soil, diseases, drought, insects, road salt spray |
|------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| *TIME | → consider which species can be transplanted/moved at specific times in the year eg. spring only |
| * NATIVE | → consider the suitability of trees indignous to this region for use in highly disturbed soils, traditionally found in streetscapes and new subdivisions |
| * FRUIT | → consider the size and season and abundance of fruit produced by some species making them less desirable in specific locations |
| * DISEASE | → consider the potential for widespread mortality and costly removal and replacement programs generating public and political complaints with trees such as Norway maple (Verticillium wilt) american elm (Dutch Elm Disease; Austrian Pine (Diplodia tip Blight). Avoid mass planting of single species |
## VARIETY:
In an effort to promote long term sustainability, cost effective block trimming operations and increase ability to manage street tree risk management, we encourage a variety of tree species on ach and every street. We also support aesthetically pleasing street tree designs and therefor encourage the planting of tree species mixtures which have similar form. Commonly recognized tre forms are as follows:
## TREE FORMS:
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VAUSE
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PYRAMIDAL
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OVAL
## APPROVED STREET TREES:
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The landscape architect or registered professional forester is responsible for proper design and species selection taking the above points into consideration.
In an attempt to assist the design and species selection process, a list of recommended street trees is included. The list has been prepared using a number of references and you are encouraged to search these out and provide input with respect to other species for consideration. References
Dirr, M.A. 1990 Manual of Woody Landscape Plants
Farrai, J.L. 1995 Trees in Canada
Gerhold, H.D. et.al., 1989 Street Tree Factsheets
Himelick, E.B., 1981 Tree & Shrub Transplanting Mannual
Poor, J.M. (Editor) 1984 Plants That Merit Attention Vol. 1
Rehder, A. 1940 Manual of Cultivated Trees & Shrubs
Sternberg, G, & J. Wilson 1995 Landscaping with Native Trees
Watson, G.W. 1992 Selecting and Planting Trees
APPENDIX 5
## APPROVED STREET TREES
| DRED NAWE | STRESS | DIME | USD | HYDRO, | NATVE | GENERAL COMMONES | FORM | SID |
|-----------------------------------------|-----------------------|--------|-------|----------|---------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------|-------|
| Acer campestre Hedge Maple | GT/CS/DIS DRO/INS/ST | | | | NN | compact form/trunk suckers require extra maintenance/best on dry alkaline soil /yellow fal colour | R | |
| Acer ginnala Amur Maple | DRO/ST | | | | NN | Compact form/red &yellow face colour/lots of seeds/tends to sucker/specify single stem form | R | |
| Acer nigrum Black Maple | DIS/INS | | | - | | Lots of seed for winter interest/rare/needs moist soil | | L |
| Acer platanoides Norway Maple Varieties | GT/CS/DIS/ DRO/ST | | | - | NN | surface roots conflict with and turf/girdling roots/aphid and wilt problems | R | |
| 'Columnare Columnar | GT/CS/DIS/ DRO/INS/ST | | | | NN | narrow form, 60' potential | | S |
| Crimson King Crimson King | GT/CS/DRO/ INS | | | - | NN | dark foliage all season | R | |
| Deborah ebor | CS/DRO/INS | | | - | NN | Red foliage in spring and fades to dark green by late summer/girdling roots | R | |
| Emerald Queer merald Quee | GT/CS/DRO/ INS | | | - | | excellent upright form | R | S |
| 'Olmsted'/Olmsted | GT/CS/DRO/ INS | | | - | NN | good narrow form | C | S |
| 'Schwedleri" Schwedler | GT/CS/DRO/ INS | | | | | red foliage in spring & fades to dark green by late summer | R | |
| Erectum Jorigh | GT/CS/DRO/ INS | | | - | NN | hort lateral branches, the Lombary Poplar c orway Maple | | S |
| 'Superform' Superform | GT/CS/DRO/ INS | | | | NN | Excellent upright & tight form | | S |
| Acer pseudoplatanus Sycamore Maple | GT/ST | - | | | NN | very pollution and salt tolerant/cankers cause high maintenance | O-R | L |
| ORDE NAMD | SERESS | | | | LANNE | KOENERAL COMMUNIS | NORM SPAR | |
|-----------------------------------------------------------|--------------------|----|----|----|---------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------|----|
| Acer rubrum Red Maple "October Glory' 'Red Sunset' | GT | - | | - | | Green summer foliage & yellow to red fall colour/tolerates wet soil | O-R | |
| Acer saccharum Sugar Maple | INS/® | | | | | upright form/fall colour varies/prefers good drainage/shallow roots/salt sensitive | O-R | |
| Acer tataricum Tatarian Maple | DRO/ST | | | | NN | good red & yellow fall colour/tends to sucker/lots of seeds | R | |
| Aesculus glabra Ohio Buckeye | GT/INS/DIS | | | | | ntested in London area and may suffer winte roblems/likes moist so | | |
| Aesculus hippocastanum "Baumannii' Bauman Horsechestnut | | | | . | NN | good spring flower with no seeds/rarel/disease susceptible | R | L |
| Alnus glutinosa Eropean Alder | GT | | | | NN | showy flower & fruit/tolerent of wet & dry soil | P | |
| Amelanchier canadensis Shadblow Serviceberry | - | - | - | | | ifficult to maintain single stem/4 seaso terest/tolerates moist so | R | |
| Aralia spinosa Devil's Walking stick | GT/CS/DIS/ DRO/INS | | - | | | thrives with neglect/suckers can be problem | | |
| Carpinus betulus Fastigiata /Fastigiate European Hornbeam | - | | | - | | difficult to transplant/keep away from road salt & spray | P-R | |
| Carpinus caroliniana American Hornbeam or Blue beech | | | | | | difficult to transplant/keep away from road salt & spray/likes wet soil/thin bark and sculptured trunk | R | |
| Celtis levigata Sugar Hackberry | GT/DRO | | | - | | compact form/good in moist soils | V | |
## APPROVED STREET TREES:
| | STRESS | | USE | | | ENERAL COMMUNIS | KORM " | |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------|----|-------|----|----|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------|----|
| eltis occidentali lackberr | GT/DRO | | | | | requires pruning for witches broom and general form/good substitute for elms | V | L |
| Cercidiphyllum japonicum Katsura Tree | DIS/INS/- | - | | | | difficult to transplant/orange fall colour/thin bark/needs supplemental water | R | |
| ladrastis kentuke utea) Yellowwoo | DIS/INS/® | | | - | | few problems/use local seed sources or stock only/prune early | R | S |
| Cornus florida Flowering dogwood | - | | | | | use local winter hardy material only/good flower/specify single stem | R | |
| Corylus colurna Turkish Hazal | GT | - | | | NN | good form/difficult to transplant/winter interest/needs supplemental water | | |
| rataegus (varieties Hawthor | GT | - | - | | NN | thomless & disease resistant varieties only. | R | |
| Fagus sylvatica European Beech | | | | | NN | | O-R | L |
| Fraxinus americana White ash | GT/DRO/ST | | | - | | large tree/tolerates dry soil/susceptible to die back & numerous insects. 'Manitoo' is an upright variety | R | L |
| Ginkgo biloba (varieties) Maidenhair tree | GT/DIS/INS/ST | - | | - | NN | good yellow fall colour/thin bark/male variety only | P-S | L |
| Gleditsia triacanthos varieties inermis/Thornless Honeylocust varieties Shademaster & Skyline | GT/DRO/ST | | | | NN | provides a filtered shade/susceptible to defoliation | | |
| Gymnocladus dioicus Kentucky coffeetree | GT/CS/DIS/ DRO/INS | - | | | | interesting winter texture/open lawn setting/large leaves/male variety only | | L |
| Juglans nigra Black Walnut | GT | | | - | | messy fruit/needs large area | | L |
## APPROVED STREET TREES:
| | STRESS | | | REMOUSE BEDROOMS | GENE COMMENTS | |
|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------|----|----|--------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----|
| Koelreuteria paniculata Goldenraintree | GT/DIS/DRO/ INS | | | NN | good yellow flower & fruit/susceptible to winter damage/weak crotches | R |
| Labrunum (varieties) Goldenchain tree | GT | - | | NN | yellow chain like flower/winter hardy local varieties only | R |
| Liriodendron tulipifera Tuliptree | - | - | | | good flowers and yellow fall colour/local sources/moist well drained soil/very large tree | R |
| Malus (most) Floweing & Domestic Crab Apple | GT/CS | | - | NN | good flowers/fruit usually maintenance problems/disease & insect problems/tolerates most soils, select fruitless or persistent fruit varieties Spring Snow, Sugar tyme, Snowdrift, Red Jewel, Harvest Gold, Centurion, Radiant, Brandywine, Prince Georges, Profusion, Red Snow, White Candle | R-S |
| Phellodendron amurense Amur corktree | DIS/DRO/INS | | - | NN | good winter texture in bark/lots of black berries/use in protected areas | |
| Platanus x acerifolia London Planetree | GT/CS | | | NN | ost cracks on trunk/attractive peeling bark/fru in cause problen | S |
| Prunus (varieties) Oranmental Cherry/Columnar/ Sargent/Kkwanzan | GT | | | NN | excellent flowers with no fruit/single stem to be specified/weeping cankers | |
| Prunus virginiana "Shubert" Shubert cherry | GT | - | | - NN | ere prin line e in sumerbank tends | R |
| Pyrus (varieties)/Ornamental Pear/Aristocrat/ Bradford/Capital Chanticleer/Redspire | GT | - | | NN | good flowers/may have good fall colour/lush shinny leaves/fireblight problems | P-R |
| Quercus macrocarpa Bur Oak | GT/DRO | - | | | need large space/fruit maintenance/difficult to transplant | R |
## APPROVED STREET TREES:
| TODELAME | STRESS | | TWINE 056 | | HADRONADME | GENERAL COMMENSU | ROR ANA | |
|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------|----|-------------|----|--------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------|----|
| Quercus alba White Oak | GT | - | - | | | need moist soil/fruit maintenance/needs large space at maturity | R | L |
| Quercus robur English Oak | GT | - | | | NN | need well drained soil/fruit maintenance/difficult to transplant | R | L |
| Quercus robur 'Fastigata' Fastigate English Oak | GT | . | | | | need well drained soil/holds leaves through the winter/difficult to transplant/very upright in form | C | |
| Quercus rubra Red Oak | GT | | | | | need sandy loam soil/fruit maintenance/difficult to transplant | R | L |
| Sophora japonica Japanese Pagoda Tree | GT/DRO | | | - | NN | excellent white flower/green stem when young/limit use due to messy characteristics | | L |
| Sorbus aucuparin European Mountain Ash | GT/CS | | | | | | | |
| Sorbus thuringiaca "Fastigiata' Oakleaf Mountain Ash | | | | | | | V | |
| Syringa reticulata 'Ivory Silk' Ivory Silk Lilac | GT | | | | NN | good white summer flower/excellent small specimen | R | |
| Tilia americana Basswood | GT | | - | | | prefers deep moist fertile soil/will grow on drier heavier soil/needs large space | | L |
| Tilia cordata (varieties) Littleleaf Linden/Glenleven/ Greenspire/ Greenglobe | GT | | | | NN | showy & fragrant flowers/ Greenglobe maybe used under hydro lines/aphid & borer problems/suckers from base/messy species/limit | P-R | |
| Tilia x euchlora Crimean Linden | GT/INS | | | | NN | showy & fragrant flowers/fruit messy/suckers from base/limit use | R | |
## APPROVED STREET TREES:
| | STRESS | USE | NAMATE | | NOR VI | SIZE |
|-------------------------------------------------------------------|----------|-------|----------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------|--------|
| Ulmus "Homestead" Homestead Hybrid Elm | GT/CS/ST | | NN | suscressive species/arching form/elim lear beetl. | V | L |
| Ulmus "Pioneer" Pioneer Hybrid elm | GT/ST/CS | | NN | vigorous growth/dense crown/elm leaf beetle susceptible | R | L |
| Ulmus "Sapporo autumn gold" Sapporo Autumn Gold Hybrid Elm | GT/ST/CS | - | NN | rapid growth/more cold hardy/requires extensive trimming/specify own-roots plants | V | L |
| Zelkova serrata "green Vase" and "Village Green" Japanese Zelkova | GT/ST/CS | | NN | rapid growth/narrow branch angles promote crotch split/frost susceptibility when young | V | L |
## LEGEND:
| STRESS | TEME USE | TEME USE | TEME USE | TEME USE |
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| GT General tolerance CS Compacted Soil tolerent DIS Disease resistant DRO Drought resistant INS Insect Resistant ST Salt Tolerant Not tolerant of urban conditions | O Install throughout the season subject to availability and suitable ground conditions - Spring planting only | - No restrictions - Use only in limited locations which meet specific requirements of species | Use under most hydro Do not use under any hydro | Native to London region Native to other parts of Ontario - Native to other parts of Canada/USA NN Not native to North America |
| FORM P Pyrmidal C Columnar R Rounded s Spreading - Oval Vase | FORM P Pyrmidal C Columnar R Rounded s Spreading - Oval Vase | TREE SIZE (suggested uses) Ornamental (narrow boulevard, under overhead wires, small frontage) Large (+50' frontages, no wires, large boulevard) Small (small frontage, narrow boulevard) | TREE SIZE (suggested uses) Ornamental (narrow boulevard, under overhead wires, small frontage) Large (+50' frontages, no wires, large boulevard) Small (small frontage, narrow boulevard) | TREE SIZE (suggested uses) Ornamental (narrow boulevard, under overhead wires, small frontage) Large (+50' frontages, no wires, large boulevard) Small (small frontage, narrow boulevard) |
## APPROVED STREET TREES:
## By-law No. 84-2002 Page 19
## LISTING OF ADDRESSES PLANTED AND SPECIES PLANTED:
SUBDIVISION NAME:\_
M-PLAN NUMBER :\_
DATE:
| ADDRESS | TREE SPECIES | DATE PLANTED | CONTRACTOR (Name) |
|-------------------|-------------------------|----------------|-------------------------|
| 355 Ambleside Dr. | i. triacantho 'Skyline' | June 5, 1999 | Green Thumb Landscaping |
## TREE PLANTING PROCESS:
| | LTEM | RESPONSEILDEY |
|-----|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------|
| 1) | Select landscape architect/consulting forestry firm (consultant) | Developer |
| 2) | Using plan of subdivision drawing and the list of trees in the guidelines for tree planting select the most appropriate pre peties for the lot size/conditions and soil types and | Consultant |
| 3) | Submit the tree planting concept plan to the Forestry Division, Environmental Services Department for review and approval. | Consultant |
| 4) | Once plan receives final approval stamp and is signed and Consultant dated, the plan is submitted to Subdivision and Development for inclusion in their files. | |
| 5) | When subdivision final grades are established and sodding Developer complete, select landscape firm to plant trees according to planting plan and guidelines. | |
| 6) | Plant trees | Landscaper |
| 7) | by address | Consultant |
| 8) | Notify Forestry division of completion and provide listing Consultant by address of species planted. | |
| 9) | Acknowledge provisional acceptance. | Operations Department |
| 10) | At the end of 2 year guarantee, inspect all trees for condition/survival and recommend and arrange replacements and/or assumption to Forestry Division. | Consultant |
| 11) | nspect and prepare assumption letter for developer wit opy to Subdivision & Development and authorize releas of security. | Operations Department |
APPENDIX 7
## TREE ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
It is critical that the inspections of trees are done in a consistent manner so that all developers and landscapers are treated fairly. We must also ensure that the Municipality assumes a quality product that will not result in high maintenance costs.
To help facilitate this, the following tree assessment criteria are to be followed by the L.A. or R.P.F. in recommending tree assumption to the Municipality. If these criteria are followed, Municipal staff should be able to quickly approve trees for assumption.
Tree assessments are to be conducted from May 1 to September 1 only.
## TREE CROWN:
- leaf area must be 75% or more
- leaf size must be normal for the species
- .. branch ratio must be 50% of total tree height and there must be 9 to 11 branches, well spaced and ascending the main trunk in a spiral fashion. The crown must be well balanced.
- : leaf colour must be normal for the species
## TREE STEM:
- the main leader must be intact - not cut
- the trunk must be single and straight
- the tree must be planted straight
- there must be no major scrapes or cuts on the bark
- there must be 175 - 200.cm of clean stem below the branches
- the tree must meet the diameter class as specified on the concept plan
- trees must be planted at the same height as in the nursery. We will accept maximum 100 m. Meyer high where necessary for survival. We will not accept trees planted deep, i.e. below the level they were in the nursery.
- trees must be planted as on the concept plan or an explanation provided
## PLANTING METHODS:
- plastic pipe may be left in place
- saucer and mulch are to be left in place
- stakes, ties, labels and wrap must be removed prior to acceptance
- NO mounding of soil or "volcano" acceptable
professionally stamped report by address is to be submitted with your recommendation to t Parks and Forestry Division. he following form is to be completed and submitted with yo recommendation for assumption.
APPENDIX 8
M-PLAN
STREET NAME:
DATE OF SURVEY:
SURVEYOR:
TREE HEALTH & WORKMANSHIP ACCEPTABLE-ASSUMED
TREE HEALTH ACCEPTABLE BUT DEFICIENCIES TO CORRECT
TREE HEALTH UHACCEPTABLE AND DENGENCES TO CORRECT
House No. SPECIES PLANTED
TREE CROWN:
TREE STEM:
LEAN / TRUNK STRAIGHT. SCARS & INESS
SLEAF BRANCH LEAF SZE COLOUR BALANCE LEADER SEEM
CRAPES PIPE
PLANTING METHODS:
LABELS,
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## INTRODUCTION
Tree planting on the public right-of-way is a long term initiative. What is done today can have a serious impact on road tree maintenance activities for years to come. It is therefore imperative that tree planting be done with care and planning. Planning is critical to ensure that the final product is sustainable and aesthetically pleasing. Trees of similar shape but different species, if carefully selected, will provide the desired effect. The mix of species is essential to reduce the chances of insect epidemics, to guard against the spread of disease as trees are trimmed in efficient block treatments, to prevent widespread neighbourhood complaints and to eliminate extensive tree removal programs when single species planting die (eg. Dutch Elm Disease on American Elm, Verticillium wilt on Norway Maples).
Designs which reflect strong linear patterns are encouraged to consider the breaking up of patterns through use of random plantings of diversified species composition. Consideration should be given to adjacent lands where existing trees may exist to ensure that continuous plantings are not created, in particular infill projects of limited frontage.
In general, good common sense is required in the planning and planting of trees but several guidelines are provided in the following to ensure that future homeowner and civic problems are minimized.
## GUIDELINES
## 1.0 TREE LOCATION
The use of common sense when locating and planting trees is vital since there is variation in right of way conditions. The overall goal is to plant one tree every 9 to 15 metres (30 to 50 ft) where practical and where growing space is available. Since large trees contribute more to the environment than small ones, the largest tree at maturity that fits the location is to be planted. The following are guidelines which will help:
- 1.1 more hand, mores 2a rome property sear anyhe bony are or road allowance.
- 1.2 No tree shall be planted within 20 metres (66 ft.) of the intersecting property line of any road allowances
- 1.3 No tree shall be planted within 20 metres (66 ft.) of any known Municipal, Award of Private Drainage System.
- 1.4 No tree shall be planted closer than 2 metres of a laneway or underground vault.
- 1.5 No trees shall be planted on the same side of a road allowance where hydro or communication lines are located except those trees listed in Section 1 (a) and
## 2.0 TREE SPECIES:
## SCHEDULE 'B' to By-law No. 84-2002
## MUNICIPALITY OF THAMES CENTRE TREE PLANTING GUIDELINES FOR RURAL AREAS
2002
Species diversity is a goal to ensure variety, uneven aged trees, right tree in the righ lace and low incidence of pests and complaint calls
- 2.1 All trees are to be deciduous or broad leaved trees appropriate for Plant Hardiness Zone 6A.
- 2.2 A random design of street trees is most desirable to provide built-in resistance to
- Designs which reflect strong linear patterns are encouraged to consider the
- 2.3 No species other than those listed in Appendix 1 are to be planted without consulting the Municipality. Take care to recognize all characteristics of the mature tree in making species selections.
## 3.0 TREE REMOVAL
- 3.1 No person shall injure or destroy any tree or trees growing on either side of a Highway until they have first obtained the written approval of the Municipal Roac Department to remove or cut down the said tree or trees.
- 3.2 The Municipal Road Department is authorized to remove decayed or dangerous tress growing on the highways under the jurisdiction of the Municipality of Thames Centre.
## SPECIES LISTING:
Tree species selection must take into consideration the rooting space, the overhead growing space and most importantly, the soil type.
## 1. a) Native Trees (for use under Utility Wires)
Flowering Dogwood CORNUS FLORIDA - tree form Redbud CERCIS CANADENSIS Service Berry AMELANCHIER CANADENSIS Choke Cherry PRUNUS VIRGINIANA Pin Cherry PRUNUS PENSYLVANICA Canada Plum PRUNUS NIGRA Alternate-Leaf Dogwood CORNUS ALTERNIFOLIA
- b) Non-Native Trees (for use under Utility Wires)
2. a) Large Native Shade Trees (boulevards with no utility wires)
| Crab Apple | MALUS CORONARIA |
|----------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------|
| Cherry-flowering | PRUNUS SERRULATA |
| Japanese Tree Lilac | SYRINGA RETICULATA "Ivory Silk" |
| Chanticleer Pear | PYRUS CALLERYANA VAR "Autumn Blaze" "Capital", "Redspire" |
| Kwanzan Cherry | PRUNUS SERRULATA "Kwanzan" |
| European Hornbeam | CARPINUS BETULUS "Fastigiata" |
| Oakleaf Mountain Ash | SORBUS THURINGIACA "Fastigiata" |
Ash - Green
FRAXINUS PENNSYLVANICA
White
FRAXINUS AMERICANA
Kentucky Coffee Tree
GYMNOCLADUS DIOCUS
Chinquapin Oak
QUERCUS MUEHLENBERGII
Sugar Maple
ACER SACCHARUM
Bur Oak
Red Oak
Black Oak
White Oak
Tulip Tree
Hackberry
QUERCUS MACROCARPA
QUERCUS RUBRA
QUERCUS VELUTINA
QUERCUS ALBA
LIRIODENDRON TULIPIFERA
CELTIS OCCIDENTALIS
APPENDIX "q"
## b.) Large Non-Native Shade Trees
(boulevards with no utility wires
Ginkgo (male)
English Oak
Chestnut Oak
GINKGO BILOBA
QUERCUS ROBUR
QUERCUS PRINUS