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PART 6 - PARKING AND LOADING
6.1
Applicability
6.1.1 Unless specified otherwise, the term parking shall include the
consideration of spaces required for parking, designated visitor
parking, barrier free (disabled) parking, and loading areas.
6.1.2 The parking and loading space requirements of this part of the Bylaw
shall not apply to any use in existence as of the date of passing of this
Bylaw so long as the gross floor area (GFA) is not increased
subsequent to the date of passage of this Bylaw.
6.1.3 If an addition is made to a building, or a use within a building, that has
the effect of increasing the amount of required parking spaces;
additional parking and loading spaces shall be provided for the
additional gross floor area that generated the need for additional
parking as required by the provisions of this Bylaw.
6.2
General Parking Provisions
6.2.1 No person shall use any land, building or structure in any land use
district for any purpose considered by this Bylaw, unless the
minimum number of parking spaces is provided in accordance with
the provisions of this part of the Bylaw.
6.2.2 Any required parking spaces shall be unobstructed and available for
parking purposes and used exclusively for that purpose at all times,
unless otherwise specified in this Bylaw.
6.2.3 Where the minimum number of parking spaces is calculated on the
basis of a rate or ratio, the required number of parking spaces shall be
rounded to the next highest whole number.
6.2.4 Where a building or a site contains a mix of uses, the total
requirement for parking spaces shall be the sum of the requirements
for each use, unless it is demonstrated there will be a complimentary
non-overlapping use of parking spaces that warrants a reduction in
the total requirement.
6.2.5 Barrier free parking shall be:
a)
provided in accordance with the Alberta Building Code, as
amended;
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b)
designated as barrier free parking using appropriate signage in
accordance with provincial standards; and,
c)
included within, but not additional to, the calculation of
minimum parking requirements identified within this part of
the Bylaw.
6.3
Location of Required Parking
6.3.1 All parking spaces shall be located on the same lot as the use that
requires the parking.
6.3.2 A driving or manoeuvring aisle shall not be located within 0.3m of a
wall of a building or portion of a building.
6.3.3 Within a residential district, on-site parking shall not be located in a
front yard or flanking side yard except:
a)
where a driveway provides access to on-site parking a single
vehicle may be parked in the front of each on-site parking
space (i.e. garage stall or equivalent);
b)
where a driveway leads to a garage in the rear yard, the
driveway may be widened to allow for one front yard parking
area with a maximum width of 6.0m;
c)
where there is a single driveway leading to a garage, the
driveway may be extended to a maximum width of 6.0m to
provide a front yard parking area for up to two vehicles; or
6.3.4 Parking in the front or flanking side yard as outlined in 6.3.3, shall be
confined to the on-site driveway or parking area and have a durable
dust-free hard surface of concrete, asphalt or similar material.
Vehicles shall not be parked on grassed or landscaped areas.
6.4
Standards for Vehicle Parking Spaces and Drive Aisles
6.4.1 Each required on-site parking space or drive aisle shall conform to the
following provisions:
a)
except as provided in the clauses below, each required space
shall be a minimum of 2.6m in width and a minimum of 5.5m in
length, exclusive of access driveways, aisles, ramps, columns,
or work areas;
b)
barrier free parking shall be a minimum of 3.9m in width;
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c)
the minimum width shall be:
i)
3.1m when a physical obstruction abuts both sides; and
ii) 2.m when a physical obstruction abuts only one side.
d)
parallel parking spaces shall be a minimum of 7.0m in length;
except those having open access at the end of a row may be a
minimum of 5.5m in length;
e)
required parking spaces may have a minimum length of 4.6m
for a compact vehicle if they are not parallel parking spaces or
barrier free parking spaces;
f)
aisles serving on-site parking spaces shall be a minimum of
7.5m wide for 90 degree parking, 7.0m wide for 75 degree
parking, 5.5m wide for 60 degree parking, and 3.6m wide for
45 degree parking and parallel parking;
g)
where parking spaces are located with access directly off a
lane, the required width of the aisle may be reduced by the
width of the lane, but the entire parking space must be
provided for on the site;
h)
applicants are encouraged to consider parking stall and aisle
dimensions greater than the minimum specified in this section,
since a combination of all minimum dimensions may yield a
confining design for parking areas.
6.4.2 The maximum slope of a vehicle parking space shall be 6% in any
direction.
6.4.3 Parking spaces may be configured in tandem for single dwellings,
semi-detached dwellings, and duplex dwellings.
6.4.4 For apartment dwellings and townhouse dwellings, the Development
Authority may accept tandem parking spaces of a number equivalent
to the total required parking less the number of dwelling units and
visitor parking. Visitor parking spaces shall not be in tandem.
6.4.5 In all residential, commercial and institutional districts all on-site
parking or loading areas, and any access and driveway to these areas
shall have a durable dust-free surface of concrete, asphalt or similar
material, except where the alternatives are to the satisfaction of the
Development Authority.
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6.4.6 For industrial uses any access, on-site driveway, parking and loading
area shall be surfaced to the satisfaction of the Development
Authority.
6.4.7 Unless otherwise provided for in this Bylaw, the parking spaces on a
paved parking area shall be marked on the ground by painted white
or yellow lines.
6.4.8 All parking areas shall have adequate curbs to ensure that fences,
walls, hedges, landscaping and restricted areas are protected from
damage or encroachment of vehicles.
6.4.9 Parking and loading areas required by this Bylaw shall not be used for
winter snow storage.
6.5
Residential Parking Requirements
RESIDENTIAL USE
MINIMUM PARKING SPACE REQUIREMENT
Single Dwelling
Semi-detached Dwelling
Duplex Dwelling
2 per dwelling unit
Apartment Dwelling plus Visitor
1 per studio dwelling unit;
1 per 1 bedroom dwelling unit;
1.5 per 2 bedroom dwelling unit;
2 per 3 or more bedroom dwelling unit; plus
1 per 7 dwelling units as designated visitor parking
Multiple Dwelling
Townhouse Dwelling
2 per dwelling unit; plus
0.25 parking spaces/dwelling unit as designated
visitor parking
Secondary Suite
Backyard Suite
Surveillance Suite
1 per suite
Mixed Use Development (residential
component)
1 per suite
Home business, Major and Minor
1 per each client, non-resident employee, home
business vehicle
Bed and Breakfast
1 per guest room
Child Care Services
1 per 2 employees plus 1 per 10 patrons, minimum
of 4
Congregate Housing
Special Care Facility
Group Home Major
Group Home Minor
1 per 2 employees plus 1 per 2 sleeping units,
minimum of 4
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6.6
Non-Residential Parking Requirements
6.6.1 The number of parking spaces required for non-residential uses shall
be calculated in accordance with the standards set out below, where
uses are not specified within the table, the parking requirements shall
be determined by the Development Authority.
COMMERCIAL USES
MINIMUM PARKING SPACE REQUIREMENT
Any commercial use not listed specifically
within this table with a gross floor area
(GFA) of:
a) Less than 2,000m2
b) Greater than 2,000m2
2.0 per 100m2 of GFA
2.5 per 100m2 of GFS
Neighbourhood Pub
Food Service, Restaurant
Food Service, Specialty
1 per 4 seats or 1 per 5.0m2 of GFA, whichever is
greater
Animal Breeding and Boarding
2 plus 1 per employee
Animal Service Facilities
4 per veterinarian
Autobody Paint and Repair
2 per service bay
Business Support Service
Professional & Office Service
2.2 per 100m2 GFA
Commercial Uses in the C-DC Commercial
District
1 per 55m2 of GFA
Fleet Service
1 per employee
Funeral Service
1 per 5 seats
Gas Bar
Service Station
1 per 2 employees plus 2.2 per 100m2 GFS
Health Service, Minor
4 per doctor, dentist, clinician
Hotel
Motel
1 per sleeping unit plus one per 3 employees
INSTITUTIONAL USES
MINIMUM PARKING SPACE REQUIREMENT
Cemetery
10 per hectare
Education, private
Education, public
a) Elementary or Junior High
b) Senior High School
2 per classroom
5 per classroom
Government Service
5 per 100m2 GFA
Health Service Major
1.1 per 100m2 GFA
Religious Assembly
1 per 3 fixed seating spaces
INDUSTRIAL USES
MINIMUM PARKING SPACE REQUIREMENT
Any use listed in the B-I and M-I District
3 per establishment, or 1.0 per 100m2 GFA
whichever is greater
Recreational Uses
MINIMUM PARKING SPACE REQUIREMENT
Campground
1 per camping space
Recreation Facility Indoor
Recreation Facility Outdoor
1 per 3.5 seats, or 20 per 100m2 used by participants
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6.7
Loading Space Requirements
6.7.1 Where any development is proposed, including new development,
change of use of existing development or enlargement of existing
development, on-site loading spaces shall be provided and maintained
by the property owner in accordance with the requirements of this
Bylaw.
6.7.2 On-site loading spaces shall be provided entirely within the
development being served and is subject to all setbacks and yard
requirements specified elsewhere in this Bylaw.
Number of Spaces
6.7.3 The number of on-site loading spaces required for each use is
specified in the Loading Space Requirements below .
6.7.4 Where calculation of the total number of loading spaces yields a
fractional number, the required number of spaces shall be the next
highest whole number.
6.7.5 Where more than one calculation of loading space requirements is
specified for a land use, the greater requirement shall be applied.
6.7.6 Where the Loading Requirements (Table 6.7) does not clearly define
requirements for a particular development, the single use or
combination of uses deemed by a Development Authority to be most
representative of the proposed development shall be used to
determine the loading requirement. Alternatively, a Development
Authority may specify another loading requirement deemed
appropriate for the development.
6.7.7 Where a development consists of mixed uses, the total on-site loading
requirement shall be the sum of the on-site loading requirements for
each use, unless it is demonstrated that there will be a complementary
or non-overlapping use of loading spaces that warrants a reduction in
the total requirement. Where a Development Authority accepts such a
reduction, the reduction and the justification for the reduction shall be
recorded on the permit.
Size and Access
6.7.8 Access to any loading area shall be provided, wherever possible,
internally to the development or from a lane adjacent to the
development.
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6.7.9 Access to any loading area shall be arranged such that no backing or
turning movement of vehicles going to or from the site causes undue
interference with traffic on the adjoining or abutting roads or lanes.
6.7.10 Each on-site loading space shall be of adequate size and accessibility
to accommodate the vehicles expected to load and unload, but in no
case shall a loading space be less than 28m2 in area, less than 4m in
width, or have less than 3.7m in overhead clearance.
School Loading Requirements
6.7.11 The Development Authority shall consult with the applicable school
board to obtain information relevant to determining the number and
location of school loading spaces.
6.7.12 School loading spaces shall be oriented parallel to the flow of traffic to
accommodate through-movement of vehicles and to eliminate the
need for backing or significant turning movements. Where an existing
school building is to be enlarged to accommodate an increased
enrolment of more than 100 students, or of more than 20% of existing
student enrolment, whichever is less, a Development Authority shall
apply the standards for school loading spaces based on the additional
school capacity.
LOADING SPACE REQUIREMENTS
Type of Development (Land Use)
Required Loading Space
Residential and residential related uses
N/A
Commercial and Industrial Uses
1 per 1,900m2
Institutional and service uses, community,
recreational and cultural uses
1 per 1,900m2
Schools, elementary and junior high
3 per 100 students plus minimum 5 bus loading
spaces
School, senior high
1.5 per 100 students, plus minimum 5 bus loading
spaces