Grand Valley, Ontario
· No. 2013-19
· adopted 2013-05-14
· summary & facts
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unofficial consolidation, the official version is held by the municipal clerk.
BY.LAW NUMBER 20ß- Iq
-.-F
CLEAN YARD BY.IAW
A By-law to establish Community Standards respecting yards,
Refuse, environmental hazards, and Nuísances in the Town of Grond Valley.
WHEREAS Section 9 of the MunicipalAct, 2001, S.O. 2001, c.25, as amended, provides that a municipality
has the capacity, rights, powers and privileges of a natural Person for the purpose of exercising its authority
under that or any other Act;
AND WHEREAS Section 11 of the Municipal Act, 2001, S.O. 2001, c.25, as amended, provides that
municipalities may provide any seruice or thing that the municipality considers necessary or desirable for
the public, and authorizes municipalities to pass by-laws withín their respective spheres of jurisdiction;
AND WHEREAS Sections 23.L,23.2,23.3 and 23.5 of the Municipal Act, 2001, S.O. 200I, c.25, as amended,
authorize a municipality to delegate certain powers and duties;
AND WHEREAS Section 122 of the MunicipalAct,2001, S.O.2001, c.25, as amended, authorizes a local
municipality to regulate and require Owners and occupants of land to remove snow from roofs and
sidewalks, and recover the costs for removing the snow and ice;
AND WHEREAS Section 123 of the MunicipalAct,2001, S.O.2001, c.25, as amended, authorizes a local
municipality to regulate with respect to cliffs, pits, deep waters and other dangerous places for the purpose
of public safety;
AND WHEREAS Section 124 of the MunicipalAct,2001, S.O. 2001, c.25, as amended, authorizes a local
municipality to regulate the operation of a pit or quarry;
AND WHEREAS Section 126 of the MunicipalAct,2001, S.O.2001, c.25, as amended, author¡zes a local
municipality to regulate cultural, recreational, and educational events including public fairs;
AND WHEREAS Section 127 of the MunicipalAct,2001, S.O.2001, c.25, as amended, authorizes a local
municipality to regulate and require Owners and occupants of land to clean and clear Refuse or debris from
the land, for defining "Refuse", and for prohibiting the Depositingof Refuse or debris on land without the
consent ofthe Owner or occupant;
AND WHEREAS Section 128 of the MunicipalAct,2001, S.O.2001, c.25, as amended, authorizes a
municipality to prohibit or regulate with respect to public Nuisonces, including matters that, in the opinion
of Council, are or could become or cause public Nuisances;
AND WHEREAS Section 129 of the MunicipalAct, 2001, S.O. 2001, c.25, as amended, authorizes a local
municipality to prohibit or regulate with respect to odour, dust and outdoor illumination;
AND WHEREAS Section 131 of the Municipal Act, 2001, S.O. 2QOt, c.25, as amended, authorizes a local
municipality to prohibit or regulate the use of any land for the storage of used Motor Vehicles for the
purpose of wrecking, dismantling or salvaging parts from them;
AND WHEREAS Section 326 of the Municipal Act S.O. 200t c.25, as amended provides that where a Council
has the authority to direction that anything be done, the Councilmay by By-law direct that in default of it
being done by the Person so directed, such thing be done at the Person's expense by recovering the
expense of doing it in a like manner as municipal taxes.
AND WHEREAS Section 425 of the Municipal Act, 2001, S.O. 2OO7, c.25, as amended, authorizes a
municipality to pass by-laws creating an offence for a contravention of a by-law;
AND WHEREAS Section 429 of the MunicipalAct,2001, S.O.2001, c.25, as amended, authorizes a
municipality to establish a system of fines for offences under a by-law;
AND WHEREAS Section 436 of the Municipal Act, 2001, S.O. 200L, c.25, as amended, authorizes a
municipality to pass by-laws providing that the municipality may enter on land for the purpose of carrying
out inspections, to determine compliance with a by-law, direction, order, or condition of license;
AND WHEREAS Sections 444 and 445 of the Municipal Act, 2001, S.O. 2001, c.25, as amended, provide that,
where a municipality is satisfied that a contravention of a by-law has occurred, the municipality may make
an order to discontinue or correct the contravention of the by-law;
AND WHEREAS Section 446 of the MunicipalAct,2001, S.O.2001, c.25, as amended, provides that, where a
municipality directs or requires by by-law or otherwise that a matter or thing be done, in default of it being
done by the Person directed or required to do it, such matter or thing may be done at the Person's expense,
and that the municipality may recover the cost of doing such thing or matter by action or by adding the
costs to the tax roll and collecting them in the same manner as taxes;
AND WHEREAS the Councilof the Corporation of the of Town of Grand Valley deems standing water,
rubbish and debris on lands, unkempt yards and overgrown vegetation each to constitute a Nursonce that
could create a health and safety hazard for the public;
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED THAT THE COUNCIL OF THE CORPORATION OF THE TOWN OF GRAND
VALLEY ENACTS AS FOLLOWS:
SHORT TITLE
The short title of this By-law is the Clean Yard By-law.
PART 1 DEFINITIONS
1. ln this By-law:
Compost means decayed organic matter used or intended to be used as fertilizer;
Collapsed Structure means a collapsed or partially Collapsed Structure or erection or an accumulation of
materials, or a building or structure that is not structurally sound.
Council means the Councilof the Corporation of the Town of Grond Volley;
Deposit means to throw or place or drop, and includes dump, store, accumulate, or otherwise dispose of;
Domestic Woste means any article, thing, matter or effluent usually but not exclusively belonging to or
associated with a house or household that appears to be Woste Material, and for greater certainty, but not
restr¡cting the generality of the foregoing includes but is not limited to: (i) Accumulations, Deposits,
leavings, Litter, remains, rubbish, trash, excluding properly maintained Compost piles; (ii) Refrigerators,
freezers, or other appliances;(iii)Furnace, furnace parts, pipes, fittings to pipes, water or fuel tanks; (iv)
tnoperative Motor Vehicles, boats, trailers and recreational vehicles and items, vehicle parts and
accessories; (v) Paper, cartons, packaging; (vi)Furniture and crockery;
Groffitimeans one or more letters, symbols or marks, howsoever made, that disfigure or deface a Property
or an object located thereon, without the consent of the Owner of the Property or object on which they are
placed, but does not include a Sign or a mural which has been authorized by the Town and approved by the
Owner;
Highway means a common and public Highway and includes a street, avenue, parkway, lane, alley,
driveway, square or place, or a bridge, trestle, viaduct or other structure forming part of a Highwoy over or
across which a Highway passes, any part of which is designed and intended for, or used by, the general
public for the passage of vehicles, and includes the whole of a road allowance under the jurisdiction of the
Town and, except as otherwise provided, includes a portion of a Highway;
lndustrial Woste means any article, thing, matter or effluent usually but not exclusively belonging to or
associated with industry, commerce or manufacturing or concerning or relating to any trade, business,
calling or occupation, that appears to be Woste Material, and for greater certainty, but not restricting the
generality of the foregoing, includes but is not limited to: (a) Articles, things, matter, effluent which in
whole or in part or fragments thereof, are derived from or are constituted from or consist of, agricultural,
animal, vegetable, paper, lumber, or wood products, or mineral, metal, or chemical products; Automotive
parts,lnoperative MotorVehicles, vehicle parts, mechanical equipment, mechanical parts, and accessories
or adjuncts to Motor Vehicles and mechanical equipment; (b) Piping, tubing, conduits, cable and fittings or
other accessories or adjuncts to piping, tubing, conduits or cable; Containers of any size, type or
composition; Materials resulting from, or as part of, construction or demolition projects; Rubble, inert fill;
and Bones, feathers and hides;
lnoperotive Motor Vehicle means a vehicle without an affixed valid licence plate and/or without a current
validation sticker, having missing or damaged parts, including tires or glass or deteriorated or removed
metal adjuncts, which prevent its lawful mechanicalfunction upon a Highway;
litter means debris, rubbish, fifth, Refuse or discarded material of any kind whatsoever, and without limiting
the generality of the foregoing shall include animal carcasses or droppings, furniture and household effects
in a state of apparent abandonment or disrepair, inoperative mechanical devices and appliances, old or
decayed lumber, packing materíals, garden Refuse, earth and rock fill, vehicles that are wholly or partly
dismantled, wrecked or otherwise inoperative, used oil, material from demolition projects, and vehicles,
machinery, equipment or materials apparently disused in their existing location; and Collapsed Structures.
Motor Vehicle includes an automobile, motorcycle, motor assisted bicycle unless otherwise indicated in the
Highway Traffic Act, R.S.O. 1990, c.H.8, as amended, and any other vehicle propelled or driven otherwise
than by muscular power, but does not include a street car, or other Motor Vehicles running only upon rails,
or a motorized snow vehicle, traction engine, farm tractor, self-propelled implement of husbandry or road-
building machine within the meaning of the Highwaylraffic Act;
Noxious weed means any plant that is designated under the Weed Control Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. W. 5, as
amended, as a Noxious weed as set out in Schedule 'B' attached hereto;
Nuisance means any injurious, offensive, objectionable or obnoxious condition and, without limiting the
generality of the foregoing, shall include a condition which is injurious, offensive, objectionable or
obnoxious by reason of the disfigurement or defacement of a Property with Graff¡t¡, or the unsightly storage
of goods, wares, merchandise, Litter or other material, or loitering in a public place;
Nuisance Weed means any of the weeds set out in Schedule 'A' attached hereto, including poison ivy,
ragweed, thistles or any other plant that may cause allergic reactions or health problems for individuals;
Officer means a municipal law enforcement Officer, police Officer, or other Person appointed by by-law to
enforce the provisions of this By-law;
Owner includes w¡th respect to land or Property, the registered Owner, occupant, tenant, or the Person lor
the time being managing or receiving the rent of the Property whether on his own account or on an account
of an agent or trustee of any other Person, or any of the aforesaid;
Person includes an individual, an Owner, corporation, partnership, company, firm, association, or party and
includes the successors, assigns, heirs, executors, administrators, or other legal representatives of a Person
to whom the context can apply according to law and the singular shall include the plural;
Private Property means land or Property that is privately owned and is not Town Property or Property of a
local board or Property of the County of Dufferin or Property of any of the Crown in Right of Ontario, the
Crown in right of Canada or any emanations thereof;
Property means a Building or Structure or part of a Building or Structure, and includes the lands and any
premises appurtenant thereto and all mobile homes, mobile Buildings, mobile structures, outbuildings,
Fences, and erections thereon and includes vacant Property;
Public Eventis a cultural, recreational or educational event including public fairs to which the public is
invited and requiring the approval of more than one agency or authority including but not limited to
matters respecting health, parking, noise, building, lottery licensing, LCBO, TSSA, fire, police, and traffic;
Refuse means Domestic Waste, lndustrial Woste, Collapsed Structures garbage and Litter;
Residential Area means those areas zoned residential in the Corporation of the Town of Grond VolleyToning
By-laws, and any amendments thereto, passed pursuant to Section 34 of the Planning Act, R.S.O. 1990,
c.P.13.
Residential Property means any land or Property within a Residential Area or which is used in whole or in
part for human habitation and the plural shall have the corresponding meaning.
Stognant Water means non-flowing, uncirculated, motionless, or stale water that has remained in a location
for a period exceeding seven (7) days;
Town means the Corporation of the Town of Grand Valley;
Waste Materialmeans mater¡al or effluent that has been discarded or abandoned, appears to be of no use
or value, or is worn out in whole or in part;
PART 2 - CLEAN YARDS &REFUSE
Removal of Refuse
2.
Where on any grounds, yard, or vacant lot, there is Refuse the Owner of the Property shall remove
such Reluse from the land so that the land is left in a clean condition.
Deposit of Refuse and Littenng
3.
No Person shallthrow, place or Deposit Refuse or cause or permit Refuse to be placed upon:
(al Privote Property, without the consent of the Owner of the Property;
(bl Town Property without the written consent of the Town;
(c) the Property of the County of Dufferin or of a local board without the written consent of the
County of Dufferin or the local board; or
(dl a Highway.
Discarded Appliances and Curbside Collection
4.
No Person shall place or cause or permit a discarded appliance, refuse, domestic woste or litter to
remain on Privote Property or on public Property for curbside collection for more than 24 hours
prior to pick-up, and all appliances shall have the hinges and latches, or lid or doors of the unit
removed or properly secured to prevent entry. Any applian ce, refuse, domestic waste or /itter not
picked-up shall be removed within 24 hours of the scheduled pick-up time
Dumping, Disposing, Storing Refuse
5.
(1) No Person or Owner of Property shall use any land or Property within lhe Town for a dumping
ground or disposing or storing or keeping of Refuse of any kind.
(2) Subsection 6(1) does not apply to:
.t
(a) land designated by a by-law of the Town for the purpose of dumping or disposing of
Refuse of any kind;
(bl Property used by the Town or County of Dufferin for the purpose of dumping or
disposing of Refuse of any kind; or
(cl Refuse collection or disposal in accordance with any Act or by-law, or otherwise
permitted in this by-law.
Composting
6.
No Person or Owner of Property shall:
(a) store Compost on a Residential Property unless it is properly contained in an enclosed
commercial drum or container designed for Composting with a tight fitting lid or enclosed on all
sides in a structure with a maximum height of 1.5 metres (5 feet) and covered with a top to prevent
the escape of odours or the entry of pests;
(blCompost, keep or cause or permit animal feces, animal parts, or animal meat to be Composted or
kept; and
(c) keep Refuse, garbage receptacles, or a Compo.st container in such a manner that it becomes a
Nuisance by creating offensive odours or attracting pests.
Charity Collection Sites
7.
Every Owner of land upon which one or more receptacles for the collection of donated goods for
charitable purposes are located shall ensure the charity collection site is kept in a clean and orderly
condition.
Part 3 - HEALTH & SAFETY HAZARDS
Long Grass and Nuisance Weeds
8.
(1) Every Owner of land shall cut and maintain grass to a height not exceeding
20 centimetres(8 inches) from April 1st until November 1st of each year
(2) The provisions of Subsection (8.1) shall not apply to: farmland, pasture, or land in current crop
production; grass outside the urban boundaries as defined in the lown's Officíal Plan, except the
area between the front of the dwelling and the municipal road but excluding any cultivated lands;
(c) open space areas designated by the Town; reforested lands; naturalized areas or parts with¡n a
park in its natural state; golf courses; and lands adjacent to major roadways under the direction and
control of a parks, conservation, or Highwoy authority.
Noxious weeds
9.
Every Property shall be kept free of Noxious weeds pursuant to the Weed Control Act and Nuisance
weeds and weed seeds.
Snow and lce Removal
10.
(1) Every Owner or occupant of buildings shall remove icicles from the roofs of the buildings within
24 hours after the formation of ice.
(2)The Town may enter at any reasonable time upon land to remove:
(a) icicles from the roofs of unoccupied buildings;
(b) snow and ice from private sidewalks and access routes between a Highwoy, including a
Highway of an upper-tier municipality and the Province of Ontario, and the main entrance
of a commercial, industrial, institutional, Multiple Dwelling, or rental building accessible to
the public within 24 hours after a snowfall or the formation of ice; and
(c) snow and ice on ramps and access routes to garages; parking areas; and laneways.
StagnantWater
LL.
No Person or Owner of a Property shall cause or permit the collection of Stagnant Water on any
Property. Where on any Property, there is any collection of Stugnant Woter or surface water or any
depression, excavation, pool, pond, declivity, or object containing Stognant Water, the Owner of
lhe Property shall remove such Stognant Water by draining it or implementing a strategy for
reducing mosquito breeding approved by an Officer for the prevention of West Nile virus.
Unprotected Wells, Holes, Pits
t2.
The Owner of any Property whereon there is an unprotected well, pit, hole or cavity over one (1)
metre (3.28 feet) in depth shall fill or cover the unprotected well, pit, hole, or cavity.
Pits, Quarries Not in Operation
13.
(1) No Owner of a pit or a quarry that has not been in operation for a period of 12 consecutive
months shall fail to level and grade the floor and sides of it and the area beyond the edge or rim to
a minimum width of 10 metres (32.8 feet).
(2) Subsection (1) does not apply to a pit or a quarry, as defined in the Aggregate Resources Act,
R.S.O. 1990, c. A.8, located in a part of Ontario designated in a regulation under subsection 5 (2)of
that Act.
Deep Water and Dangerous Precipices
L4.
(1) The Owner of Property within the Town upon which there are man-made precipices, bodies of
water and dangerous places shall: when required by the Town, fill in or drain the area and keep it
filled or drained at all times and/or enclose the dangerous area with a safety fence approved by an
Officer.
Part 4 - ENVIRONMENTAL NUI&4NCES
Dust
15.
No Person shall cause or permit dust or other airborne matter to escape the Property owned or
occupied by the Person in such excess that it is injurious to any Person or creates a hazardous
condition. Every Owner of land shall take reasonable precautions to control or prevent dust or
other airborne matter from escaping the Property of the Owner in such excess that it is injurious to
any Person or creates a hazardous condition.
Odour
16.
No Person or Owner of a Property shall keep:
(al Refuse, garbage Receptacles, animal excrement, or a Compo.st container or open Compost pile in
such a manner that it becomes a Nuisance by creating offensive odours or attracting pests;
(b) any substance or materials stored in such a manner that it becomes a Nuisonce by emitting
offensive odours.
77. The provisions of Sections 15, 16, and 19 to this By-law shall not prevent a farm, meeting the
definition of "agricultural operation" under the Farming and Food Production Protection Act, S.O.
1998, c. 1, as amended, from carrying out a "normal farm practice" as defined by that Act.
Outdoor lllumination
18.
(1) No Owner of a Property shall cause or permit an outdoor light to shine directly into the living or
sleeping areas of an adjacent dwelling or onto a Highwoy.
(2)Subsection (1) shall not:
(a) require light fixtures used in conjunction with commercial, industrial, institutional,
agricultural or recreational uses to be turned off at any time the use is actually being
conducted;
(b) require an illuminated outdoor advertising sign, on the premises of a business, to be
turned off at any time the business is open to the public;
(c)require light fixtures used to illuminate any area for emergency, security, or public safety
purposes to be turned off at any time the illumination is necessary for those purposes.
Public Events
19.
No Person shall hold a Public Evenf without first having obtained permission from the Town.
Water Discharge
20.
No Owner shall:
(a) cause or permit a flow of water from a hose or similar device on his Property onto an adjacent
Property;
(b) direct any rainwater downspout or eaves trough on his Property such that water escapes onto
an adjacent Property; or
(c) discharge swimming pool water onto any Property without the consent of the Owner of that
Property.
Part 5 - PUBLIC NUISANCES & ADDRESSING
Graffiti
2L.
All Property including but not limited to Buildings, Structures, Fences, or other objects shall be kept
clean of Graffitiat alltimes and shall be restored, resurfaced, and coordinated to the exterior finish
of the object.
22.
No Person shall create and apply Graffitito any surface on private or public Property or to anything
located on public Property.
Loitering in a Public Place
23.
No Person shall loiter on a public sidewalk, street, street corner, or in a public place so as
to:obstruct the due and proper use thereof or cause; or create a noise disturbance to the peace and
quiet of a neighbourhood.
Municipal Addressing
24.
(1) Every Owner of land on which a building has been erected shall cause the municipal address
number assigned to the Property by the Town to be displayed at all times at a location plainly visible
from the roadway to which the Property is addressed for emergency response purposes.
(2) The Town may enter properties at any reasonable time to affix Property numbers to buildings or
erect signs setting out Property numbers on the land, where an Owner has failed to comply with
Section 24 (ll. All number shall comply with any Town of County Municipal Addressing By-law
PART 6 ENFORCEMENT AND PENALTIES
25. (1) Every Person who contravenes any of the provisions of this By-law, and every director or Officer
of a corporation who knowingly concurs in the contravention by the corporation is guilty of an
offence and upon conviction is liable to a fine not exceeding Fifty Thousand Dollars (550,000.00) as
provided for in the MunicipalAct, 2001, as amended.
(2) Where a corporation is convicted of an offence under this By-law, the maximum penalty that
may be imposed on the corporation is One Hundred Thousand Dollars (5100,000.00) as provided for
in the MunicipalAct, 2001, as amended.
26.
(1) An Officer may enter on land at any reasonable time for the purpose of carrying out an
inspection to determine whether or not the provisions of this By-law are complied with and to
enforce and carry out into effect the provisions of this By-law or any direction or order issued
pursuant to the Municipal Act, 2001, S.O. 2001, c.25 or this By-law.
(2) For the purposes of an inspection under subsection (1) the Officer may:
(a) require the production for inspection of documents or things relevant to the inspection;
(b) inspect and remove documents or things relevant to the inspection for the purpose of
making copies or extracts;
(c ) require information from any Person concerning a matter related to the inspection; and
(d) alone or in conjunction with a Person possessing special or expert knowledge, make
examinations or take tests, samples or photographs necessary for the purposes of the
inspection.
(3) A sample taken under clause (2) (d) shall be divided into two parts, and one part shall be
delivered to the Person from whom the sample is taken, ¡f the Person so requests at the time the
sample is taken and provides the necessary facilities.
( )lf a sample istaken underclause (2)(d)and the sample has not been divided into two parts, a
copy of any report on the sample shall be given to the Person from whom the sample was taken.
(5) A receipt shall be provided for any document or thing removed under clause (2) (b) and the
document or thing shall be promptly returned after the copies or extracts are made.
(6) No Person shall hinder or obstruct, or attempt to hinder or obstruct, an Officer who is exercising
a power or performing a duty under this By-law.
(1) lf the Officer is satisfied that a contravention of this By-law has occurred,the Officer may make
an order requiring the Person who contravened the by-law or who caused or permitted the
contravent¡on or the Owner or occupier of the land on which the contravention occurred to;
discontinue the contravening activity, or do work to correct the contravention.
(2) Any Person who contravenes an order under subsection (1) is guilty of an offence.
(3) An order under subsection (1) shall set out, reasonable particulars of the contravent¡on
adequate to identify the contravention and the location of the land on which the contravention
occurred; and the date by which there must be compliance with the order.
( ) An order under subsection (1) shall be served upon the Person to whom it is directed by
Personal service or by mailing a copy of the order by prepaid first class mail or registered mail to the
last known address noted on the tax assessment roll.
27.
10
(5)Service by prepaid first class mail or registered mail shall be deemed to be effective on the fifth
day after the order is mailed.
(6) An order under subsection (1) may require work to be done even though the facts which
constitute the contravention of the by-law were present before the by-law making them a
contravention came into force.
(7) tn default of any work directed or required by the Town under this section being done by the
Person directed or required to do it, the matter or thing shall be done at the Person's expense'
(8) Where the Town or any authorized agent on behalf of the Town has performed the work
required to bring about compliance with the by-law, the Town may recover the costs of doing
anything or matter under subsection (7) by action or by adding the costs to the tax roll and
collected in like manner as Property taxes.
(g) The costs ¡n subsection (S) shall include interest calculated at a rate of 15 per cent, calculated for
the period commencing on the day the lown incurs the costs and ending on the day the costs,
including the interest, are paid in full.
(10) For the purposes of subsection (7), the lown or any authorized agent on behalf of the lown
may enter upon land at any reasonable time and complete the work set out in the order.
2g.
lf a court of competent jurisdiction should declare any section or a part of this By-law to be invalid,
the remainder of this By-law shall continue in force unless the court makes an order to the contrary.
29. Where the singular is used it shall also mean or stand for the plural.
30.
This By-law shall come into full force and effect on its date of passing.
BY-LAW read and passed by the Councilfor the Town of Grand Valley this 14th day of May, 2013.
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11
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SCHEDULE "4" TO By{aw lv". 3ÔlA - tQ
Nuísonce Weeds
COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME
Poison lWConium maculatum L
Ragweed Ambrosia spp.
Scotch Th¡stle Onopordum acanthium [.
Sow Thlstle Sonchus spp.
Bull Th¡stle Cir$¡um vulgare (Savi) Tenore
Canada Thlstle Circlum arvense (L) Scopoll
Nodding Thistle Carduus spp.
Russlan Thlstle Salsola pestlfer Aven Nelson
Purple Loosestr¡fe Lythrum salicar¡a
Giant Hogureed Heracleum Mantegazz¡anum
Hemp (St¡ng¡ngl Nettle Galeops¡s Tetrah¡t
t2
,)
SCHEDULE uB',TOBy-tawr". ,4,0t1 - l1
Noxlousweeds
Common Barberry
European Buckthorn
BullThistle
Canada Thistle
W¡ld Carrot
colt's Foot
Dodder
Goat's Beard
Johnson 6rass
Knapweed
Mllkweed
NoddingThistle
Poison Hemlock
Poison lW
Proso M¡¡let
RagYreed
Yellow Rocket
Russian Thistle
scotch Th¡stle
Sow Thistle
Cypress Spurge
leafy Spurge
Tuberous Vetchl¡ng
Chess
13