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The Corporation of the Township of Hornepayne
By-Law No. 2085
Being a By-Law to establish a Road
Maintenance Policy for the Township
of Hornepayne
WHEREAS 0. Reg. 239/02 under the Municipal Act, 2001, S.O. 2001, c. 25 as
amended, provides for minimum maintenance standards for municipal
highways; and,
AND WHEREAS the Council of the Corporation of the Township of Hornepayne
deems it desirable and in the public interest to establish a Road Maintenance
Policy for the Township of Hornepayne;
BE IT THEREFORE ENACTED by the Council of the Corporation of the
Township of Hornepayne:
1. THAT Schedule "A" entitled "Road Maintenance Policy" attached hereto
forms an integral part of this By-Law;
2. THAT the Mayor and CAO/Clerk are hereby authorized to sign this By-
Law and to affix the corporate seal thereto; and,
3. THAT this By-Law shall come into force and take effect upon passage.
Read a first and second time this 17th day of July 2024.
Read a third time and finally passed this 17th day of July 2024.
Presiding Officer
Clerk
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 1 of 79
Schedule "A" to By-Law No. 2085
TOWNSHIP OF HORNEPAYNE
Policy/Procedure/Plan Name:
Road Maintenance Policy
Originating/Responsible
Department:
Public Works Department
Approval Authority:
Council
Adopted by By-Law No.
2085
Date of Original Policy:
July 17, 2024
Last Updated:
July 17, 2024
ROAD MAINTENANCE
POLICY
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 2 of 79
ROAD MAINTENANCE
POLICY
SECTION
WINTER CONTROL STANDARDS
A
SECTION
ROAD MAINTENANCE STANDARDS
B
SECTION
HOURS OF OPERATION
C
SECTION
APPENDICES
D
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 3 of 79
i.
INTRODUCTION
The Township of Hornepayne, Public Works Department shall in no case allow the level of
service to fall below the minimum standard provided for in the Municipal Act and Regulations1
made thereunder.
The Township of Hornepayne has established a policy regarding Municipal roadway service
standards as follows:
i
That all operational services of the Public Works Department will meet Minimum
Maintenance Standards (MMS) specified in the Ontario Regulation 239/02, as
amended.
ii
That neither the Township nor its officials or employees make any promise, assurance
or guarantee that roadway services will be more than the minimum standard herein
provided.
iii
That where a situation arises or applications are made which fall outside the scope of
these standards, the Public Works Manager shall respond as they deem practicable,
with due regard to budgetary constraint and reasonable practice.
iv
That the Public Works Department will apply its operational activities in an efficient and
effective way, with a goal of providing safe driving conditions 12 months of the year.
v
The Public Works Department will refer to the Highway Traffic Act, Municipal Act,
Manual of Uniform Traffic Control Devices for Canada, and any other pertinent acts,
regulations, or guidelines to undertake roadway operations and ensure that minimum
standards are met.
vi.
Emphasis of operations will generally be carried out in order of priority. When
necessary, at the discretion of the Public Works Manager or designate, provision of the
required services may be altered outside the order of priority.
vi
Inherent within the standard is the expectation that drivers will act responsibly and will
always operate their vehicles reasonably with due regard for the prevailing weather and
roadway conditions.
vii
When minor amendments to the policy are required (i.e. technical errors, typing errors),
staff are authorized by Council to amend the policy from time to time. Amendments
that are deemed to be major in nature, will be presented to Council for approval.
x
References to legislation imply the most recent statutes, as amended. Thus, this policy
need not be amended to maintain the applicability of such references.
1
Municipal Act, 2001, Ontario Regulation 239/02, Amended to O. Reg. 366/18, Minimum Maintenance
Standards for Municipal Highways.
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 4 of 79
ii.
DEFINITIONS
"Anti-icing" means the application of liquid de-icing agents directly to the road surface in
advance of a winter event.
"Average Annual Daily Traffic (AADT)" is a technical measurement of traffic volume on a
road, in both directions.
"Class" in the context of this policy refers to the criteria for classifying roadways in
accordance with Table 1, per Ontario Regulation 239/02, made under the Municipal Act for
Minimum Maintenance Standards for Municipal Highways.
"cm" means centimeters.
"Conventional illumination" means lighting, other than high mast illumination, where there
are one or more luminaires per pole.
"Debris" is any material (except snow, slush, or ice) or object on a roadway:
(a)
that is not an integral part of the roadway or has not been intentionally placed on
the roadway by the Municipality
(b)
that is reasonably likely to cause damage to a motor vehicle or injury to a person
in a motor vehicle.
"High mast illumination" means lighting where there are three or more luminaires per pole
and the height of the pole exceeds 20 meters.
"HMA" means Hot Mix Asphalt.
"Ice" means all kinds of ice, however formed.
"Infrared Thermometers" are used to detect pavement temperatures, which can be
significantly different from air temperatures.
"Living Snow Fences" are hedges, trees and other vegetation carefully placed to keep drifts
and snow off roads.
"Luminaire" means a complete lighting unit consisting of:
(a)
a lamp, and
(b)
parts designed to distribute the light, to position or protect the lamp and to
connect the lamp to the power supply.
"Major Storm" is constituted by:
(a)
a snowfall of 10 cm (4 inches) or more; or
(b)
any storm where the conditions are such that the Public Works Manager or
designate concludes it to be a major storm.
"Minor Storm" is constituted by a snowfall of less than 10 cm (4 inches).
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 5 of 79
"Motor Vehicle" includes an automobile, motorcycle, and any other vehicle propelled or
driven otherwise than by muscular power, but does not include a motor assisted bicycle, a
streetcar, or other motor vehicles running only upon rails, or a motorized snow vehicle, traction
engine, farm tractor, self-propelled implement of husbandry or road-building machine.
"Non-paved Surface" means a surface that is not paved.
"Operations" are those activities the Public Works Department performs to improve a
condition or sustain a roadway standard. Operations are normally defined by guidelines (not
policy), with discretion of the Public Works Manager to choose various methods to achieve
results cost-effectively.
"Paved Surface" means a surface with a wearing layer or layers of asphalt, concrete or
asphalt emulsion, composite pavement.
"Practicable" means activities or standards that are feasible and able to be accomplished,
given the Township of Hornepayne's limited financial and human resources, and in
consideration of Hornepayne's winter climate conditions.
"Pre-treat" means the application of liquids (calcium chloride, sodium chloride, etc.) to the
sand pile or salt pile as the sand or salt is loaded into the storage facility.
"Pre-wetting" means the application of liquids (calcium chloride, sodium chloride, etc.) at the
spinner of the truck just prior to application to the road surface.
"Roadway" means the part of the highway that is improved, designed, or ordinarily used for
vehicular traffic, but does not include the shoulder, and, where a highway includes two or more
separate roadways, the term "roadway" refers to any one roadway separately and not to all of
the roadways collectively.
"RWIS" - Road Weather Information System - automated weather reporting stations installed
along the roadway with sensors embedded in and below the road to assist weather
forecasters in predicting icing conditions before they occur.
"Sanding" is the application of treated or dry sand to roadways, either manually or by
mechanical spreaders to improve traction.
"Shoulder" means the portion of a highway that provides lateral support to the roadway and
that may accommodate stopped motor vehicles and emergency use.
"Shoulder drop-off" means the vertical differential, where the paved surface of the roadway
is higher than the surface of the shoulder, between the paved surface of the roadway and the
paved or non-paved surface of the shoulder (See Table B-7).
"Sidewalk Clearing" is the plowing of sidewalks in the sidewalk clearing program with plows
or other appropriate equipment.
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 6 of 79
"Significant Weather Event" is a weather event, where it is determined by the Public Works
Manager or designate, that the Winter Control Standards of this Road Maintenance Policy
cannot be met.
"Snow Accumulation" means the natural accumulation of new fallen snow, wind-blown
snow, or slush that, alone or together, covers more than half a lane width of a roadway.
"Snow Plowing" means crews of graders, loaders, plow trucks or similar equipment engaged
in clearing accumulated snow from the roadway surfaces.
"Snow Removal" is the plowing of snow into windrows, loading onto trucks and subsequently
hauling snow to predetermined snow disposal sites.
"Substantial probability" means a significant likelihood considerably more than 51 per cent.
"Surface Treated Road" is road with bituminous surface treatment comprised of one or two
applications of asphalt emulsion and stone chips over a gravel road.
"Susceptible Area of Known Concern" is an area, known to the Municipality, to be of
concern related to the Township's winter control operations.
"Unpaved Roads" is a road with a gravel, stone, or other loose traveling surface.
"Weather" means air temperature, wind, and precipitation.
"Windrowing" means plowing of snow into a long continuous pile to facilitate removal or
storage of snow on roadway or sidewalk surfaces.
"Winter Event" is a weather condition affecting roads such as snowfall, wind-blown snow,
sleet, freezing rain, frost, black ice, etc., to which a winter event response is required.
"Winter Event Response" is a series of winter control activities performed in response to a
winter event.
(a) "Continuous Winter Event Response" is a response to a winter event with full
deployment of manpower and equipment that plow/salt/sand the entire system.
(b) "Spot Winter Event Response" is a response to a winter event with only a part
deployment of manpower and equipment or with full deployment to only part of the
system.
"Winter Event Response Hours" are the total number of person-hours per year (plowing,
salting/sanding, winging back, etc.) to respond to winter events.
Definitions listed above are provided for reference and information purposes. There is no
implied guarantee that all items described occur as part of regular activities.
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 7 of 79
iii.
CLASSIFICATION OF HIGHWAYS
For the purposes of this policy, every highway or part of a highway under the jurisdiction of the
Township of Hornepayne is classified in accordance with Table 1 as Class 1, Class 2, Class 3,
Class 4, Class 5 or Class 6 highway based on the speed limit applicable to it, and the average
annual daily traffic (AADT) on it.
With reference to Table A2-2, the AADT on the highway or part of the highway shall be
determined in one of the following methods:
(a)
AADT equals the average of the daily two-way traffic on the highway.
(b)
AADT equals 333.3% of the two-way traffic from 2:00 to 6:00 pm, taken mid-week in
either the month of May, June, October, or November.
(c)
AADT on rural dead-end roads equals 6 times the number of houses on the dead-
end road.
(d)
AADT is the best estimate for lower volume roads, based upon local knowledge and
the calculated AADT for higher volume collector roads.
TABLE 1
CLASSIFICATION OF HIGHWAYS
AADT
Posted or Statutory Speed limit (kilometers per hour)
91-100
81-90
71-80
61-70
51-60
41-50
1-40
15,000 or more
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
12,000 - 14,999
1
1
1
2
2
3
3
10,000 - 11,999
1
1
2
2
3
3
3
8,000 - 9,999
1
1
2
3
3
3
3
6,000 - 7,999
1
2
2
3
3
3
3
5,000 - 5,999
1
2
2
3
3
3
3
4,000 - 4,999
1
2
3
3
3
3
4
3,000 - 3,999
1
2
3
3
3
4
4
2,000 - 2,999
1
2
3
3
4
4
4
1,000 -1,999
1
3
3
3
4
4
5
500 - 999
1
3
4
4
4
4
5
200 - 499
1
3
4
4
5
5
5
50 - 199
1
3
4
5
5
5
5
0 - 49
1
3
6
6
6
6
6
All roads maintained by the Township of Hornepayne fall within the green shaded
classifications of Table 1 above, based on data or estimates. Road classifications are
summarized in Appendix 2.
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 8 of 79
Section A
WINTER CONTROL
STANDARDS
(WCS)
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 9 of 79
WINTER CONTROL STANDARDS (WCS)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION
ITEM
PAGE
A-1.0
PURPOSE
10
A-2.0
CURRENT PRACTICES
10
A-2.1
ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
10
A-2.2
WINTER CONTROL
10
A-2.3
WINTER MAINTENANCE SEASON
11
A-2.4
WINTER CONTROL RESPONSE
11
A-2.5
ROAD CLASSIFICATIONS
11
A-2.6
WINTER MAINTENANCE OBJECTIVES
12
A-3.0
PROVINCE OF ONTARIO CONNECTING
LINK
12
A-4.0
WEATHER MONITORING
13
A-5.0
SNOW ACCUMULATION
13
A-6.0
ICE FORMATION ON ROADWAYS
14
A-7.0
SIGNIFICANT WEATHER EVENTS
15
A-8.0
SNOW PLOW ROUTES
16
A-9.0
SIDEWALKS
17
A-9.1
WINTER SIDEWALK PATROL
17
A-9.2
SNOW ACCUMULATION ON SIDEWALKS
17
A-9.3
ICE FORMATION ON SIDEWALKS
18
A-10.0
AREAS OF KNOWN CONCERN
18
A-11.0
FIRE HYDRANTS
19
A-12.0
CATCH BASINS
19
A-13.0
CEMETERIES
20
A-14.0
MUNICIPAL OWNED EQUIPMENT
20
A-14.1
EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE
20
A-14.2
EQUIPMENT CALIBRATION
20
A-14.3
FLEET
20
A-15.0
SPEED GUIDELINES (Spreaders & Plows)
21
A-16.0
WINTER PARKING RESTRICTIONS
22
A-17.0
STANDBY
22
A-18.0
RECORD KEEPING
22
A-19.0
TRAINING
24
A-20.0
SALT MANAGEMENT PLAN
24
A-21.0
PUBLIC COMMUNICATIONS
24
A-22.0
PERFORMANCE MEASURES
24
A-23.0
IMPROVEMENTS
25
A-24.0
REFERENCES
25
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 10 of 79
A-1.0
PURPOSE
The purpose of WCS is:
- To maintain roadways and sidewalks in a manner to minimize economic loss and
inconvenience to the community.
- To reduce hazardous roadway and sidewalk conditions which may contribute to
accident or injury.
- To facilitate responding to emergencies by fire, police, and ambulance services.
- To provide a guide for management and operating personnel for winter maintenance
operations.
- To work in compliance with appropriate Acts and Regulations.
During the winter season, road patrolling provides staff knowledge of deteriorating weather
and road conditions. Local weather reports and observations are just some of the tools used
to support the appropriate call out of winter snow maintenance equipment.
A-2.0
CURRENT PRACTICES
A-2.1
ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
The Township of Hornepayne Council oversees and specifically budgets for the winter control
program. The Public Works Manager prepares budget documents, reports to Council, and
generally manages winter control operations. The Public Works Manager also supervises
service delivery.
Most of the winter control and road maintenance is undertaken by Public Works Staff,
although the services of outside agencies may be contracted to assist the Township in delivery
of these services.
Many Township of Hornepayne employees have some responsibility for developing,
implementing, reviewing, maintaining, and documenting/recording the Winter Control
Standards (WCS). It is through a cooperative effort that the Township strives to maintain safe
roads and see success in its WCS.
A-2.2
WINTER CONTROL
The ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY is comprised of four (4) sections:
Section A
Winter Control Standards
Section B
Road Maintenance Standards
Section C
Hours of Service
Section D
Appendices
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 11 of 79
The Township of Hornepayne currently meets or exceeds the Minimum Maintenance
Standards (MMS) specified in Ontario Regulation 239/02, Municipal Act, 2001, for winter
control operations.
A-2.3
WINTER MAINTENANCE SEASON
The winter maintenance season commences October 1 and is completed April 30. Winter
Control Level of Service does not apply to lands designated for parking and only applies
during the season when the Municipality performs winter roadway maintenance.
Winter snowfall conditions in Hornepayne are considered moderate. Based on information
from Environment Canada, the average annual snowfall level (for the period 1971-2000) for
the Hornepayne area is 246.7 cm.
A-2.4
WINTER CONTROL RESPONSE
The Township maintains 24/7 on-call personnel and response service. All operators have
been trained on how to retrieve weather conditions from various sources including, but
not limited to:
- Temperature Probe
- Local news/weather networks (television and radio)
- Environment Canada's Weather Information Network
- The Weather Network Website
- Staff field observations
A-2.5
ROAD CLASSIFICATIONS
As of the date of adoption of this policy, the Township of Hornepayne has approximately 41.8
km of roads that are maintained by the Township, as per Table A-1 below.
Roadways maintained by the Township are maintained under a hierarchical system in
accordance with Ontario Regulation 239/02. This regulation establishes six categories of
highways based on average annual daily traffic where road Class 1 has the highest volume
and Class 6 has the lowest. Roadways categorized as Class 6, if maintained by the
Township, are maintained in accordance with Class 5 regulations. Therefore, all roads
maintained by the Township of Hornepayne are maintained in accordance with Class 5
regulations.
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 12 of 79
TABLE A-1
ESTIMATE OF ROADS MAINTAINED BY THE TOWNSHIP OF HORNEPAYNE
ROADWAYS
Total
Length of Roadway within Municipal Boundary
36.6 km
Length of Roadway outside Municipal Boundary
5.2 km
Ownership
Township of Hornepayne
35.8 km
Province of Ontario - Hwy 631 Connecting Link
0.8 km
Unincorporated Township of Haig
5.2 km
Winter Maintenance
Maintained by Township
41.8 km
Class of Roadways
Maintained by Township
Class 5 (All Municipal Roads)
41.0 km
Class 5 (Hwy 631 Connecting Link)
0.8 km
SIDEWALKS
Length maintained during winter
120 m
PATHS & TRAILS
Length maintained during winter
0 m
A-2.6
WINTER MAINTENANCE OBJECTIVES
Winter maintenance objectives include:
- The foremost objective is to meet or exceed the Minimum Maintenance Standards for
Municipal Highways under Ontario Regulation 239/02 as made under the Municipal Act.
- To reduce the hazards of icy conditions to motorists and pedestrians.
- To reduce the economic losses to the community caused by winter weather conditions.
- To facilitate the handling of emergencies by fire, police, and ambulance officials.
- To maintain safe passable routes within the financial limits of the municipality's budget.
Various conditions may temporarily prevent these standards from being met including
available resources (funds, equipment, and manpower) and weather conditions. Due to
standards not being met for those reasons noted, it is expected that traffic will reduce speeds
to suit the weather conditions until the road standards are met.
A-3.0
PROVINCE OF ONTARIO CONNECTING LINK
The Township of Hornepayne has entered a Verbal Winter Maintenance
Agreement/Understanding with the Province of Ontario for the maintenance of:
Highway 631 Connecting Link
From Second Street to Hwy 631 North (Approx. 800 m)
These roads shall be maintained as Class 5 Roads, in accordance with an understanding with
the Ontario Ministry of Transportation.
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 13 of 79
A-4.0
WEATHER MONITORING
From October 1 to April 30, the minimum standard is to monitor the weather, both current and
forecast to occur in the next 24 hours, once every shift or three times per day whichever is
more frequent, at intervals determined by the municipality.
From May 1 to September 30, the minimum standard is to monitor the weather, both current
and forecast to occur in the next 24 hours, once per calendar day.
ROAD PATROLLING
If it is determined by the Township that weather monitoring indicates that there is a substantial
probability of snow accumulation on roadways or icy roadways, the minimum standard is to
patrol the roads that the Township selects as representative of its roads, at intervals deemed
necessary by the Township to check for such conditions.
A-5.0
SNOW ACCUMULATION
The minimum standard for addressing snow accumulation is,
(a) after becoming aware of the fact that the snow accumulation on a roadway is
greater than the depth set out in Table A-2, to deploy resources as soon as
"practicable" to address the snow accumulation; and
(b) after the snow accumulation has ended, to address the snow accumulation to
reduce the snow to a depth less than or equal to the depth set out in Table A-2 within
the time set out in Table A-2,
(i) to provide a minimum lane width of the lesser of three metres for each lane or
the actual lane width, or
(ii) on a Class 4 or Class 5 highway with two lanes, to provide a total width of at
least five metres.
If the depth of snow accumulation on a roadway is less than or equal to the depth set out in
Table A-2, the roadway is deemed to be in a state of repair with respect to snow accumulation.
For the purposes of this section, and given the Township's limited financial and human
resources, Council has determined it to be "practicable" to deploy resources in the early
morning (approximately 5:00 am) following snow accumulation that exceeds the standards of
Table A-2. This practice makes efficient use of limited resources, and recognizes operator
time in a vehicle, while still ensuring that Table A-2 standards are met in a practicable manner.
For the purposes of this section, the depth of snow accumulation on a roadway may be
determined by a municipal employee, agent or contractor, whose duties or responsibilities
include one or more of the following:
1. Patrolling highways.
2. Performing highway maintenance activities.
3. Supervising staff who perform activities described in paragraph 1 or 2.
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 14 of 79
The depth of snow accumulation on a roadway may be determined by,
(a) Performing an actual measurement.
(b) Monitoring the weather.
(c) Performing a visual estimate.
For the purposes of this section, addressing snow accumulation on a roadway includes, but is
not limited to,
(a) Plowing the roadway.
(b) Applying abrasive materials to the roadway.
(c) Any combination of the methods described in Clauses (a) and (b) above.
This section does not apply to that portion of the roadway designated for parking.
TABLE A-2
SNOW ACCUMULATION
Class of highway
Depth
Time
1
2.5 cm
4 hours
2
5 cm
6 hours
3
8 cm
12 hours
4
8 cm
16 hours
5
10 cm
24 hours
All of the Township of Hornepayne's Streets & Roads are Class 5, as highlighted in Green in the
Table above.
A-6.0
ICE FORMATION ON ROADWAYS
The minimum standard for the prevention of ice formation on roadways is doing the following
in the 24-hour period preceding an alleged formation of ice on a roadway:
(a) Monitor the weather in accordance with Section A-4.0.
(b) Patrol in accordance with Sections A-4.0 and B-2.1.
(c) O. Reg. 366/18, s. 8 requires a municipality, if it determines as a result of its activities
under paragraph (a) or (b), that there is a substantial probability of ice forming on a
roadway, to pre-treat the roadway, if practicable, to prevent ice formation within a 24-
hour time frame, starting from the time that the municipality determines is the
appropriate time to deploy resources for that purpose. However, the Township of
Hornepayne's operations are governed by cold Northern Ontario weather and snow
packed street surface conditions. These conditions make it ineffective and therefore not
practicable to either pre-treat or treat roadways with salt and/or calcium. The Township
of Hornepayne therefore primarily uses a 10% salt and 90% sand mixture to provide
traction for vehicles on slippery ice and packed snow, following the formation of ice as
follows:
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 15 of 79
If the municipality meets the minimum standard set out above and, despite such compliance,
ice forms on a roadway, the roadway is deemed to be in a state of repair until the earlier of,
(a) the time that the municipality becomes aware of the fact that the roadway is icy; or
(b) the applicable time set out in Table A-3 for treating the roadway to prevent ice
formation expires.
The minimum standard for treating icy roadways after the municipality becomes aware of the
fact that a roadway is icy is to treat the icy roadway within the time set out in Table A-3, and an
icy roadway is deemed to be in a state of repair until the applicable time set out in Table A-3
for treating the icy roadway expires.
For the purposes of this section, treating a roadway means applying material to the roadway,
including but not limited to, salt, sand or any combination of salt and sand.
TABLE A-3
ICY ROADS
Class of highway
Time
1
3 hours
2
4 hours
3
8 hours
4
12 hours
5
16 hours
All of the Township of Hornepayne's Streets & Roads are Class 5, as highlighted in Green in the
Table above.
The work schedule for sanding of streets and sidewalks will be implemented in order of
priority, when the Public Works Manager or designate determine that conditions dictate.
A-7.0
SIGNIFICANT WEATHER EVENTS
If by monitoring weather conditions, it is determined by the Public Works Manager or
designate, that there is a substantial probability of a Weather Event, where the Winter Control
Standards of this Road Maintenance Policy cannot be practicably fulfilled, then the Manager of
Public Works or designate may declare a Significant Weather Event.
If the Township declares a significant weather event relating to snow accumulation or icy
roadways/sidewalks, the standard for addressing snow accumulation or icy roadways/sidewalks
until the declaration of the end of the significant weather event will be as follows:
(a) to notify the public by posting the declaration of the Significant Weather Event on the
Township's website, per the Notice of Declaration example in Appendix 7.
(b) to continue to monitor the weather in accordance with Section A-4.0; and
(c) if deemed practicable by the municipality, to deploy resources to address snow
accumulation and icy roadways, starting from the time that the municipality deems
appropriate to do so.
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 16 of 79
If the municipality complies with the above, all roadways within the municipality are deemed to
be in a state of repair with respect to snow accumulation or icy roadways until the applicable
time in the Table A-2 and Table A-3 expires following the declaration of the end of the Significant
Weather Event by the municipality.
Following the end of the weather hazard in respect of which a Significant Weather Event was
declared by a municipality, the municipality shall,
(a) declare the end of the Significant Weather Event when the municipality determines it
is appropriate to do so; and
(b) to notify the public by posting that the Significant Weather Event has ended on the
Township's website, per the Notice example in Appendix 7.
(c) address snow accumulation and icy roadways in accordance with the Township's
winter control standards.
A-8.0
SNOW PLOW ROUTES
The Township's roadways can generally be divided into three snow plow routes, as described
below. A 'route' provides a general description of the route and priority; however, it does not
override the Road Classification System based on the speed limit applicable to the road and
the average annual daily traffic (AADT) in accordance with Ontario Regulation 239/02.
(1) Route 1 (Grader) per Appendix 3, Table A3-1
(2) Route 2 (Airport Loader) per Appendix 4, Table A4-1
(3) Route 3 (Township Loader) per Appendix 5, Table A5-1
Priority will be given to each route, generally as follows, but at the discretion of the Public
Works Manager or designate:
- Priority Routes: Highway 631 Connecting Link, collector streets, fire routes, bus/school
routes and routes for emergency and medical services.
- Susceptible Areas of Known Concern: These areas are per Section A-10.0. Additional
patrolling and resources will be applied to these areas, at the discretion of the Public
Works Manager or designate.
- Local Routes are residential streets and industrial streets. During most storms, due to
safety considerations and the need to move priority traffic, Local Routes are only
plowed after the Priority Routes and Susceptible Areas of Known Concern are brought
to a satisfactory level.
- Internal Rural Routes within the geographic boundary of the Township, but outside of
the core areas of the Township of Hornepayne.
- External Rural Routes outside the geographic boundary of the Township, but
historically maintained by the Township of Hornepayne.
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 17 of 79
- Municipal Facilities, including municipal parking lots and cemetery.
Removal of snow from municipal streets and roads shall be undertaken only in situations
where lack of adequate storage prohibits the normal winter movement of vehicular and/or
pedestrian traffic and for reasons of safety such as sight restrictions at intersections. When
necessary, removed snow will be piled in areas throughout the Township, as designated by
the Public Works Manager or designate, in accordance with applicable regulations and
requirements.
A-9.0
SIDEWALKS
In providing a level of service for sidewalk winter maintenance, the Township refers to the
Minimum Maintenance Standards O. Reg. 366/18.
A-9.1
WINTER SIDEWALK PATROL
(1) If it is determined by the municipality that weather monitoring referred to in Section A-4.0
indicates that there is a substantial probability of snow accumulation on sidewalks more than 8
cm or icy sidewalks, the standard is to patrol the sidewalks at intervals deemed necessary by
the municipality.
(2) Patrolling a sidewalk consists of visually observing the sidewalk, either by driving by the
sidewalk on the adjacent roadway or by driving or walking on the sidewalk or by electronically
monitoring the sidewalk and may be performed by persons responsible for patrolling roadways
or sidewalks or by persons responsible for or performing roadway or sidewalk maintenance
activities.
A- 9.2
SNOW ACCUMULATION ON SIDEWALKS
The standard for addressing snow accumulation on a sidewalk after the snow accumulation
has ended is,
a) to reduce the snow to a depth less than or equal to 8 centimetres within 48 hours;
and
b) to provide a minimum sidewalk width of 1 metre.
If the depth of snow accumulation on a sidewalk is less than or equal to 8 centimetres, the
sidewalk is deemed to be in a state of repair in respect of snow accumulation.
If the depth of snow accumulation on a sidewalk exceeds 8 centimetres while the snow
continues to accumulate, the sidewalk is deemed to be in a state of repair with respect to
snow accumulation, until 48 hours after the snow accumulation ends.
For the purposes of this section, addressing snow accumulation on a sidewalk includes,
(a) plowing the sidewalk.
(b) sanding the sidewalk.
(c) any combination of the methods described in clauses (a) to (b).
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 18 of 79
A-9.3
ICE FORMATION ON SIDEWALKS
The standard for the prevention of ice formation on sidewalks is to,
(a) Monitor the weather in accordance with Section A-4.0 in the 24-hour period preceding
an alleged formation of ice on a sidewalk; and
(b) O. Reg. 366/18, s. 15 requires a Municipality to treat the sidewalk if practicable to
prevent ice formation or improve traction within 48 hours if the municipality determines
that there is a substantial probability of ice forming on a sidewalk, starting from the time
that the municipality determines is the appropriate time to deploy resources for that
purpose. However, the Township of Hornepayne's operations is governed by cold
Northern Ontario weather and snow packed street surface conditions. These conditions
make it ineffective and therefore not practicable to either pre-treat or treat sidewalks
with salt and/or calcium. The Township of Hornepayne therefore primarily uses a 10%
salt and 90% sand mixture to provide traction for pedestrians on slippery ice and snow
packed sidewalks, following the formation of ice as follows:
If the municipality meets the minimum standard set out above and, despite such compliance,
ice forms on a roadway, the roadway is deemed to be in a state of repair until the earlier of,
(a) If ice forms on a sidewalk even though the municipality meets the standard set out
above, the sidewalk is deemed to be in a state of repair in respect of ice until 48 hours
after the municipality first becomes aware of the fact that the sidewalk is icy.
(b) The standard for treating icy sidewalks after the municipality becomes aware of the fact
that a sidewalk is icy is to treat the icy sidewalk within 48 hours, and an icy sidewalk is
deemed to be in a state of repair for 48 hours after it has been treated.
For the purposes of this section, treating a sidewalk means applying materials including salt,
sand or any combination of salt and sand to the sidewalk.
A-10.0 SUSCEPTIBLE AREAS OF KNOWN CONCERN
The Township is aware of susceptible areas of known concern, as they relate to Winter
Control Standards. These areas are detailed below in Table A-4.
TABLE A-4
SUSCEPTIBLE AREAS OF KNOWN CONCERN
Street Name
From
Tower Road
Concern
Tower Road
Murphy Avenue
Nesomadina Avenue
Snow Drifting
Murphy Lane
McLeod Street
Tower Road
Steep (Icy) Hill
Ecomadina Avenue
McLeod Street
Tower Road
Steep (Icy) Hill
Nesomadina Avenue
McLeod Street
Tower Road
Steep (Icy) Hill
Fifth Avenue
Third Street
First Street
Snow Drifting
West End Road
Third Avenue
Green Street
Steep (Icy) Hill
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 19 of 79
To address these areas of concern, the Township undertakes the following, where deemed
appropriate by the Public Works Manager or designate:
(a) Warning signs to be installed to inform the public of susceptible areas.
(b) Prioritize additional monitoring and patrolling of susceptible areas.
(c) Prioritize deployment of additional resources to help improve susceptible areas.
A-11.0 FIRE HYDRANTS
The Ontario Fire Code, O. Reg. 213/07, Subsection 6.6.4. Hydrants states:
Hydrants
6.6.4.1
Municipal and private hydrants shall be maintained in operating condition.
6.6.4.2
Hydrants shall be maintained free of snow and ice accumulations.
6.6.4.3
Hydrants shall be readily available and unobstructed for use.
Obstructed fire hydrants and sprinkler connections can cause a delay in firefighting and rescue
operations.
- Public Works staff shall remove and clear snow that is obstructing access to any
municipal fire hydrant as soon as practicable, subject to operational priorities.
- Clearing of hydrants does not necessarily constitute removal of snow (i.e. snow blower,
removal, and disposal at the snow dump).
- Public Works staff will not undertake to clear snow on any private hydrants or sprinkler
connections.
- No owner or occupant shall throw, place, bring, or deposit snow or ice on or
immediately adjacent to a fire hydrant, or in any manner that obstructs access to a fire
hydrant.
- Residents and building owners are urged to ensure that fire hydrants, fire department
sprinkler connections, and fire escapes are clear of snow accumulations.
A-12.0 CATCH BASINS
Snow, ice and debris from roads and sidewalks can block catch basins (water drains). When
this occurs, the possibility exists that melting snow will have nowhere to drain and create flood
like conditions.
The severity of potential flooding is determined by the snow volumes, how quickly the snow
melts and how much rain is associated with that melt.
Maintaining open drains (covers exposed) is key to reducing potential flood conditions.
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 20 of 79
A-13.0 CEMETERIES
The Township of Hornepayne will plow the internal road system of the Municipal Cemetery.
This will be completed at the discretion of the Public Works Manager and is considered low
priority.
Staff will, however, ensure vehicular access to interment locations for burials during the winter
season. This does not necessarily constitute plowing the entire private road system within the
cemetery.
A-14.0 MUNICIPAL OWNED EQUIPMENT
The Public Works Manager shall be responsible for the preparation and overhauling of
equipment used in winter maintenance operations.
Throughout the winter season, the servicing and repair of all equipment used in winter
maintenance operations shall be given priority by the Public Works Department.
Snow ice and slush that has accumulated on the roadway can be controlled mechanically by
removing it with plows mounted on trucks, motor graders, loaders, or snow blowers.
Sand/Salt is applied using various spreading tools and techniques.
A-14.1
EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE
Council is responsible for providing adequate funding for maintenance activities. The Public
Works Manager is responsible for the preparation and overhauling of equipment used in winter
maintenance operations. Throughout the winter season, the servicing and repair of all
equipment used in winter maintenance operations shall be given priority by the Public Works
Department.
A-14.2
EQUIPMENT CALIBRATION
The Township currently does not have calibration capability on any of its sand/salt spreading
equipment. However, the Township does monitor when the spreaders are engaged and
working, per Section A-18.0 (Fleet GPS Controls).
A-14.3
FLEET
The Township's current fleet (2024) is illustrated in Table A-5.
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 21 of 79
TABLE A-5
TOWNSHIP OF HORNEPAYNE FLEET
#
Fleet
Photo
#
Fleet
Photo
3001
Manager's Patrol
& Inspection
Vehicle
2020 GMC ½ ton
truck
3002
Plow & Salt Truck
2008 Sterling with
Viking-Cives
Sander box
3004
Trash Compactor
1990 518
Caterpillar
3006
Public Works
Patrol and
Inspection
Vehicle
2015 Ford F150
3011
Street Sweeper
1986 FMC
3012
Backhoe
1999 410E John
Deere
3013
Road Grader
2015 770G John
Deere
3016
Dump Truck
1995 Freightliner
3018
Front end Loader
1993 544G John
Deere
3019
Excavator
2018 160G John
Deere
3777
Airport Loader
1994 544G John
Deere
A-15.0
SPEED GUIDELINES
(Spreaders & Plows)
The following table provides recommended maximum speeds for winter control equipment.
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 22 of 79
TABLE A-6
RECOMMENDED MAXIMUM SPEEDS
Spreaders
Spotting
40 km/h
Stripping
32 km/h
Plows
Urban
24 km/h
Rural Pavement
45 km/h
Rural Shoulder
32 km/h
A-16.0
WINTER PARKING RESTRICTIONS
The Township of Hornepayne, By-Law No. 2021 (Parking By-Law) provides for Winter Parking
Restrictions, as follows:
Interfere/Obstruct Snow Removal/Road Maintenance/ Winter Parking
No person shall park a vehicle in any location or manner which shall obstruct, hinder, or
prevent, in any way, snow ploughing or snow removal operations on any street or highway or
any Municipal Parking Lot during the months of November, December, January, February,
March and April of each year.
A-17.0
STANDBY
The Public Works Manager shall undertake himself/herself or set up a winter standby shift
starting no later than October 1 and ending no earlier than April 30. These dates may be
changed at the discretion of the Public Works Manager.
Standby personnel shall do checks of all key areas at appropriate times to allow adequate
response of crews before rush hour &/or peak traffic periods. If slippery conditions are noted,
sanding and/or snow plowing will be called in.
A-18.0
RECORD KEEPING
Basic record keeping shall be implemented by the Township specific to winter control
operations for budget planning and reporting purposes. The following points should be
considered for content:
- Monitoring the salt, sand mixture used:
o Tonnes of sand purchased annually & seasonally (January-April and October-
December)
o Tonnes of salt purchased annually & seasonally (January-April and October-
December)
o % of salt content in salt, sand mixture
o Tonnes of salt, sand mixture spread annually and seasonally (January-April &
October-December)
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 23 of 79
- Annual costs and Seasonal costs (January to April & October to December)
o Snow plowing
o Snow removal
o Salting & sanding
o Sidewalk maintenance
- Equipment
o Maintenance costs
o New equipment purchased
- Ensuring customer satisfaction:
o % of winter event responses that meet or exceed the level of service policy
o Total number of complaints received regarding winter operations
o % of complaints that resulted in a response
- Monitoring the severity of the winter season:
o Total annual cm of precipitation (snow accumulation & rain)
o Total number of days with measurable snowfall
o Total number of days with freezing rain
o Total number of continuous winter event responses
o Total number of spot winter event responses
o Total number of winter event hours
o Winter severity (i.e. above average, average, below average)
- Storm Response
o Air and/or pavement temperature during event
o At end or after the storm event; temperature rising, temperature falling
o Time of day; effect of heat gain during daylight hours
o Time of day; traffic volumes assist in breaking the bond of snow/ice with the
pavement
o Wind direction
o Drifting conditions; do nothing and let the wind blow the snow across the road
o Frost penetration in the road base contributing to pavement temperature
- Fleet GPS Controls
o MY GEOTAB GPS controls and software are used by the Township of
Hornepayne.
o MY GEOTAB is a GPS fleet management system that improves control of your
operations by increasing accountability and reducing liability. It collects vehicle
activities and provides detailed reports on plowing, spreading and patrolling
activities.
o All winter control fleet includes an MY GEOTAB GPS device.
o MY GEOTAB system allows the Township of Hornepayne to visualize:
- the course taken by each vehicle;
- the vehicle's location at a given moment;
- hydraulic movements of the sand/salt spreader
This information will help to maintain effective operations.
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 24 of 79
A-19.0
TRAINING
The Township of Hornepayne currently uses internal and external agencies to train our
workers with respect to when to plow and sand according to weather conditions, how to plow,
and in the use of new techniques and technologies.
Various courses/training seminars taken by Operations staff include, but not limited to:
- Hours of Work Information Seminar, presented by Ministry of Transportation Officers
- Snow School for Road Superintendents, Good Roads (formerly OGRA)
- Good Roads Annual Conference
The Township of Hornepayne is committed to continuing education and the staff are
encouraged to participate in furthering their education and gaining knowledge through
seminars and conferences.
A-20.0
SALT MANAGEMENT PLAN (SMP)
Environment Canada is concerned that road salt is entering the environment in amounts that
pose a risk to plant, animal, and fish life as well as to surface and ground water. Hence,
Environment Canada is asking organizations, including municipalities, to prepare a Salt
Management Plan (SMP) that will optimize salt use. This recommendation is directed
primarily at:
- Organizations that use more than 500 tonnes of road salt per year
- Organizations that have identified salt vulnerable areas.
The Township of Hornepayne's current practices only use approximately 40 tonnes of road
salt per year and therefore a SMP has not been adopted, at this time.
A-21.0
PUBLIC COMMUNICATIONS
The public is informed through various methods including:
- Township of Hornepayne's web site:
www.townshipofhornepayne.ca
- Procedures and Policies available through the website &/or at the Town Hall
- Mail-outs &/or flyers
- Signage
A-22.0
PERFORMANCE MEASURES
Performance measures should be used to determine whether the objectives of the winter
control standards have been met. Achievements, year over year, should be measured against
each other.
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 25 of 79
To measure the success of the plan (% of the goals set out in the plan that were met), the
following indicators should be reviewed:
- Monitoring the salt used
- Monitoring the sand used
- Annual costs and Seasonal costs (January to April & October to December)
- Evaluate the adequacy of the deployed equipment to meet MMS
- Ensuring customer satisfaction
- Monitoring the severity of the winter season
A-23.0
IMPROVEMENTS
Improvements to the Township's WCS are proposed in the following areas:
- Training is to be undertaken in such areas as record keeping and data analysis.
- Continued improvements to the Township's fleet to ensure reliability and reasonable
redundancy for WCS - this should occur in the near-term Capital Forecast , as funding
permit.
- Make continuous improvements to the Township's record keeping system.
- Undertake additional Traffic Counts on Priority Routes.
- Undertake posting of Speed Limit Signs on Priority Routes: Highway 631 Connecting
Link, collector streets, fire routes, bus/school routes and routes for emergency and
medical services.
- Undertake posting of Warning Signs in Susceptible Areas of Know Concern.
For these improvements to be made, Council will:
- Provide necessary resources to implement the WCS;
- Provide training opportunities to staff;
- Make information on the WCS available to the public including posting the WCS on the
Township's website;
- Introduce new methods and technologies that are reasonable and cost effective; and
- Require that any agent engaged to perform winter control services adhere to the WCS.
A-24.0
REFERENCES
Information and material used for reference purposes in the preparation of the WCS for the
Township of Hornepayne include:
- Municipal Act, 2001, Ontario Regulation 239/02, Amended to O. Reg. 366/18, Minimum
Maintenance Standards for Municipal Highways
- Ontario Good Roads Association website: www.ogra.org
- Municipal Road Maintenace (Best Practice) Policies
- TAC Code of Practice, July 2002
- Environment Canada website: http://www.ec.gc.ca/
- Consultations with Township of Hornepayne's Legal Council
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 26 of 79
Section B
ROAD MAINTENANCE
STANDARDS
(RMS)
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 27 of 79
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION
ITEM
PAGE
B-1.0
INTRODUCTION
28
B-2.0
ROAD SURFACE STANDARDS
28
B-2.1
ROUTINE ROAD PATROLLING
28
B-2.2
POTHOLES
33
B-2.3
SHOULDER DROP-OFFS
35
B-2.4
CRACKS
36
B-2.5
DEBRIS
36
B-2.6
ROAD SURFACE DISCONTINUITY
37
B-2.7
SIDEWALK SURFACE DISCONTINUITY
37
B-3.0
TRAFFIC SIGN, SIGNAL SERVICE AND SAFETY DEVICE
STANDARDS
38
B-3.1
LUMINAIRES
38
B-3.2
SIGNS
40
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 28 of 79
B-1.0
INTRODUCTION
The Township of Hornepayne, Public Works Department shall in no case allow the level of
service to fall below the minimum standard provided for in the Municipal Act and Regulations2
made thereunder.
B-2.0
ROAD SURFACE STANDARDS
B-2.1
ROUTINE ROAD PATROLLING
Road patrolling is carried out to inspect the roadway and adjacent right-of-way to detect
defects that may adversely affect the structure of the road, adjacent property, the environment,
and public safety. Observations made and documented during road patrol support the proper
management and scheduling of work to ensure maintenance activities are conducted in a
timely and cost-efficient manner. In general, road patrol and follow-up maintenance activities
help to extend the life and investment of public and private infrastructure.
Documentation is a vital component of road patrol as it creates a permanent record of
observations made relating to deficiencies in the infrastructure, incidents attended to, weather
conditions and general maintenance activities performed on the roadway. These records will
prove invaluable should future litigation require accurate knowledge of past events.
Routine patrolling shall be carried out by driving on or by electronically monitoring the highway
to check for conditions. Refer to the following table for the minimum standard for frequency of
routine patrolling.
TABLE B-1
ROUTINE PATROLLING FREQUENCY
Class of highway
Patrolling Frequency
1
3 times every 7 days
2
2 times every 7 days
3
once every 7 days
4
once every 14 days
5
once every 30 days
All of the Township of Hornepayne's Streets & Roads are Class 5, as highlighted in Green in the
Table above.
During routine patrolling, the inspector should look for pothole/pothole patching, shoulder
drop-offs, cracks, debris, and surface discontinuities (fatigue/alligator cracking, block cracking,
edge cracking, longitudinal cracking, transverse cracking, rutting, shoving, bleeding, polished
aggregates, raveling, skin patching, water bleeding and pumping, corrugation, swelling,
depression).
2
Municipal Act, 2001, Ontario Regulation 239/02, Amended to O. Reg. 288/03, Minimum Maintenance
Standards for Municipal Highways.
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 29 of 79
TABLE B-2
POTHOLE, SHOULDER DROP-OFFS, DEBRIS & SURFACE DISCONTINUITIES
DISTRESS
DESCRIPTION
PROBLEM / CAUSE
Bleeding
A film of asphalt binder on the
pavement surface. Usually
creates a shiny, glass like
reflecting surface that can
become quite sticky.
Causes loss of skid resistance when wet.
Fatigue (Alligator) Cracking
A series of interconnected cracks
caused by fatigue failure of the
surface (or sub-base) under
repeated traffic loading.
Cracks allow moisture infiltration,
roughness, and may further deteriorate to
a pothole.
An indicator of structural failure.
Block Cracking
Interconnected cracks that divide
the pavement up into rectangular
pieces.
Allows moisture infiltration, roughness.
Typically caused by the inability of asphalt
binder to expand and contract with
temperature cycles because of asphalt
binder aging or poor choice of binder in the
mix design.
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 30 of 79
DISTRESS
DESCRIPTION
PROBLEM / CAUSE
Corrugation and Shoving
A form of movement typified by
ripples (corrugation) or an abrupt
wave (shoving) across the
pavement surface. The distortion
is perpendicular to the traffic
direction and usually occurs at
points where traffic starts and
stops (corrugation) or areas
where HMA (Hot Mix Asphalt)
abuts a rigid object (shoving).
Roughness.
Usually caused by traffic action combined
with an unstable HMA layer or excessive
moisture in the sub-grade.
Depression
A localized pavement surface
area with slightly lower elevation
than the surrounding pavement
and are very noticeable after a
rain.
Roughness.
When filled with water can cause
hydroplaning.
Frost heave or sub-grade settlement
resulting from inadequate compaction
during construction.
Joint Reflection Cracking
Cracks in a flexible overlay of a
rigid pavement and occur directly
over underlying rigid pavement
joints.
Allows moisture infiltration, roughness.
Indicates the possible onset of alligator
cracking and structural failure.
Generally, not load initiated, however
loading can hasten deterioration.
Longitudinal Cracking
Cracks parallel to the pavement's
centerline or laydown direction.
Allows moisture infiltration, roughness.
Caused by poor joint construction, location
(located in the least dense areas of a
pavement), or from a reflective crack from
an underlying layer or HMA fatigue.
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 31 of 79
DISTRESS
DESCRIPTION
PROBLEM / CAUSE
Patching
An area of pavement that has
been replaced with a new material
to repair the existing pavement.
A patch is considered a defect no matter
how well it performs.
Roughness.
Caused by previous localized pavement
deterioration that has been removed and
patched or utility cuts.
Polished Aggregate
Areas of HMA pavement where
the portion of aggregate
extending above the asphalt
binder is either very small or there
are no rough or angular
aggregate particles.
Decreased skid resistance.
Caused by repeated traffic applications.
Potholes
Small, bowl-shaped depressions
in the surface that penetrate all
the way through the HMA layer
down to the base course.
Moisture infiltration and roughness.
Serious vehicular damage can result from
driving across potholes at higher speeds.
Raveling
Progressive disintegration of an
HMA layer from the surface
downward because of
dislodgement of aggregate
particles.
Leaves loose debris on the pavement.
Roughness.
Water collects in the raveled locations
resulting in vehicle hydroplaning, and loss
of skid resistance.
Rutting
Surface depression in the wheel
path.
Pavement uplift (shearing) may
occur along the sides of the rut.
Can cause vehicle hydroplaning when
filled with water.
Tends to pull a vehicle towards the rut path
as it is steered across the rut.
Caused by consolidation or lateral
movement of materials due to traffic
loading (insufficient compaction of HMA
layers - continue to densify under traffic
loads, subgrade rutting - inadequate
pavement structure, and improper mix
design or manufacture).
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 32 of 79
DISTRESS
DESCRIPTION
PROBLEM / CAUSE
Slippage Cracking
A crescent or half-moon shaped
crack generally having two ends
pointed into the direction of traffic.
Allows moisture infiltration and roughness.
Caused by braking or turning wheels
causing the pavement surface to slide and
deform.
Stripping
The loss of bond between
aggregates and asphalt binder.
Decreases structural support and leads to
rutting, raveling, shoving/corrugations, or
cracking.
Bottom-up stripping is very difficult to
recognize because it manifests itself on the
pavement surface as other forms of
distress.
Transverse (Thermal)
Cracking
Cracks perpendicular to the
pavement's centerline or laydown
direction.
Allows moisture infiltration and roughness.
May be caused by shrinkage of the HMA
surface due to low temperatures or asphalt
binder hardening or reflective cracks
caused by cracks beneath the surface
HMA layer.
Water Bleeding and
Pumping
Water bleeding occurs when
water seeps out of joints or cracks
or through an excessively porous
HMA layer. Pumping occurs
when water and fine material is
ejected from underlying layers
through cracks in the HMA layer
under moving loads.
Decreased skid resistance.
An indication of high pavement porosity
(water bleeding) and decreased structural
support (pumping).
Causes include porous pavement because
of inadequate compaction during
construction or poor mix design, high water
table, or poor drainage.
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 33 of 79
DISTRESS
DESCRIPTION
PROBLEM / CAUSE
Skin Patching
Light or skin patches are patches
generally 1" or less in thickness.
Skin patches generally use a fine
sand aggregate as opposed to
coarse aggregate because the
edges of the patch are "feathered"
out to zero thickness.
Sometimes skin patches are used to fill
depressions, in which case the patch could
be as thick as three or four inches. A skin
patch differs from removal and
replacement because existing asphalt is
not removed during skin patching. This
type of repair should only be used when
there is no base failure, to achieve
drainage or for a low budget short term
"Quick Fix".
Usually skin patches are used to improve
the appearance of pavement or stop water
penetration.
Shoulder Drop-off
The difference in height from the
edge of asphalt to the gravel
shoulder.
The probability of severe consequences
from a pavement/shoulder drop-off
traversal are a function of drop-off height
and shape and vehicle speed and reentry
angle.
Debris
Garbage and/or debris on or
adjacent to the roadway.
The AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety
released a study on vehicle-related road
debris. The study revealed that it caused
25,000 accidents - and nearly 100 deaths -
each year.
B-2.2
POTHOLES
Potholes can be a source of driver discomfort and can cause excessive wear and tear on
vehicles. In extreme cases potholes can be a contributing factor to loss of vehicular control.
Potholes occur in two ways. Both have to do with melt water during the spring thaw and with
cracks in the road surface:
(a) Water seeps through cracks in the road surface and softens the sub-base under the
pavement to the point where the sub-base can no longer support the pavement and the
traffic loads placed on it.
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 34 of 79
The main cause of potholes in our climate has to do with the same thaw water seeping into
the cracks in the pavement and/or into the sub-base and then freezing when temperatures
drop. These freeze/thaw cycles occur repeatedly during the spring season. The freezing
causes the sub-base to expand which can cause sufficient pressure to cause localized
pavement failure (a pothole), similarly water in the cracks or in between concrete and
bituminous (asphalt) overlays can freeze causing pieces of pavement to "pop" out.
TABLE B-3
POTHOLES
Precipitation meltwater percolates
through fissures in pavement and
collects in the sub-base.
In frigid weather, collected water
freezes and expands, pushing
pavement upward while traffic stresses
the pavement.
When the pavement thaws, it
collapses into the void created by
expanding ice. Continuing traffic
breaks the pothole edges and makes
it larger.
Roads with high traffic volumes have more potholes than others due to the sheer amount of
use. Bridges and ramps, which receive heavy doses of snow removal chemicals all winter, are
more prone to potholes, too.
There are generally three methods of repairing potholes:
Cold-Mix Patch - Utilizes an asphalt product designed to remain workable during cold
weather. Largely considered a temporary repair as it is normally placed during wet
weather, without a tack coat, consequently a good bond between pavement and patch
is not made and water can quickly find its way under the patch which may be forced out
by subsequent freeze thaw action or by traffic or both.
Pressurized-Emulsion Patch - Utilizes machinery, primarily the one-man Road
Patcher machine, which sprays a combination of hot emulsified asphalt oil and crushed
limestone chips (8 mm) into the pothole. The high pressure at which the patch material
is sprayed forces it tightly into the pothole and to some extent displaces water in the
pothole. This patch is considered semi-permanent in nature with an expected life of 6 -
18 months.
Hot-Mix Patch - Utilizes hot asphalt just like the product used to pave asphalt roads.
This type of patch is applied in dry weather. Debris in the pothole is swept-out or blown
out and a tack coat of sticky emulsified asphalt oil is applied to the pothole. The hot
asphalt mixture is placed into the pothole and then properly compacted with a vibratory
plate compactor or a small vibratory roller. This type of patch is considered permanent
in nature. It is the most successful and also the most expensive patch method.
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 35 of 79
If a pothole exceeds both the surface area and depth set out in the following tables, as the
case may be, the minimum standard is to repair the pothole within the time set out in the
appropriate table, after becoming aware of the fact:
- Table B-4
Paved Surface of Roadway
- Table B-5
Non-paved Surface of Roadway
- Table B-6
Paved or Non-paved Surface of Shoulder
TABLE B-4
POTHOLES ON PAVED SURFACE OF ROADWAY
Class of highway
Surface Area
Depth
Time
1
600 cm2
8 cm
4 days
2
800 cm2
8 cm
4 days
3
1000 cm2
8 cm
7 days
4
1000 cm2
8 cm
14 days
5
1000 cm2
8 cm
30 days
All of the Township of Hornepayne's Streets & Roads are Class 5, as highlighted in Green in the
Table above.
TABLE B-5
POTHOLES ON NON-PAVED SURFACE OF ROADWAY
Class of highway
Surface Area
Depth
Time
3
1500 cm2
8 cm
7 days
4
1500 cm2
10 cm
14 days
5
1500 cm2
12 cm
30 days
All of the Township of Hornepayne's Streets & Roads are Class 5, as highlighted in Green in the
Table above.
TABLE B-6
POTHOLES ON PAVED OR NON-PAVED SURFACE OF SHOULDER
Class of highway
Surface Area
Depth
Time
1
1500 cm2
8 cm
7 days
2
1500 cm2
8 cm
7 days
3
1500 cm2
8 cm
14 days
4
1500 cm2
10 cm
30 days
5
1500 cm2
12 cm
60 days
All of the Township of Hornepayne's Streets & Roads are Class 5, as highlighted in Green in the
Table above.
B-2.3
SHOULDER DROP-OFFS
If a shoulder drop-off is deeper, for a continuous distance of 20 metres or more, than the depth
set out in Table B-7, the minimum standard is to repair the shoulder drop-off within the time
set out in Table B-7, after becoming aware of the fact.
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 36 of 79
A shoulder drop-off is deemed to be in a state of repair if its depth is less than or equal to that
set out in the following table.
TABLE B-7
SHOULDER DROP-OFFS
Class of highway
Depth
Time
1
8 cm
4 days
2
8 cm
4 days
3
8 cm
7 days
4
8 cm
14 days
5
8 cm
30 days
All of the Township of Hornepayne's Streets & Roads are Class 5, as highlighted in Green in the
Table above.
B-2.4
CRACKS
If a crack on the paved surface of a roadway is greater, for a continuous distance of 3 metres
or more, than both the width and depth set out in Table A-8 the minimum standard is to repair
the crack within the time set out in Table A-8, after becoming aware of the fact.
A crack is deemed to be in a state of repair if its width or depth is less than or equal to that set
out in the following table.
TABLE B-8
CRACKS
Class of highway
Width
Depth
Time
1
5 cm
5 cm
30 days
2
5 cm
5 cm
30 days
3
5 cm
5 cm
60 days
4
5 cm
5 cm
180 days
5
5 cm
5 cm
180 days
All of the Township of Hornepayne's Streets & Roads are Class 5, as highlighted in Green in the
Table above.
B-2.5
DEBRIS
If there is debris on a roadway, the minimum standard is to deploy resources, as soon as
practicable after becoming aware of the fact, to remove the debris.
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 37 of 79
B-2.6
ROADWAY SURFACE DISCONTINUITY
Roadway surface discontinuity means a vertical discontinuity creating a step formation at
joints or cracks in the paved surface of a roadway, including bridge deck joints, expansion
joints and approach slabs to a bridge.
If a surface discontinuity, other than a surface discontinuity on a bridge deck, exceeds the
height set out in Table A-9, the minimum standard is to repair the surface discontinuity within
the time set out in Table A-9 after becoming aware of the fact.
A surface discontinuity on a roadway, other than a surface discontinuity on a bridge deck, is
deemed to be in a state of repair if its height is less than or equal to the height set out in Table
A-9.
If a surface discontinuity on a bridge deck exceeds 5 cm, the minimum standard is to deploy
resources as soon as practicable after becoming aware of the fact to repair the surface
discontinuity on the bridge deck.
A surface discontinuity on a bridge deck is deemed to be in a state of repair if its height is less
than or equal to five centimeters.
TABLE B-9
SURFACE DISCONTINUITY
Class of highway
Height
Time
1
5 cm
2 days
2
5 cm
2 days
3
5 cm
7 days
4
5 cm
21 days
5
5 cm
21 days
All of the Township of Hornepayne's Streets & Roads are Class 5, as highlighted in Green in the
Table above.
B-2.7
SIDEWALK SURFACE DISCONTINUITY
Surface discontinuity on a sidewalk means a vertical discontinuity creating a step formation at
joints or cracks in the surface of a sidewalk.
The minimum standard for the frequency of inspecting sidewalks to check for surface
discontinuity is once per calendar year, with each inspection taking place not more than 16
months from the previous inspection.
A sidewalk that has been inspected is deemed to be in a state of repair with respect to any
surface discontinuity until the next inspection provided that the municipality does not acquire
actual knowledge of the presence of a surface discontinuity more than two centimeters.
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 38 of 79
If a surface discontinuity on a sidewalk exceeds two centimeters, the minimum standard is to
treat the surface discontinuity within 14 days after acquiring actual knowledge of the fact.
A surface discontinuity on a sidewalk is deemed to be in a state of repair if it is less than or
equal to two centimeters.
Treating a surface discontinuity on a sidewalk means taking reasonable measures to protect
users of the sidewalk from the discontinuity, including making permanent or temporary repairs,
alerting users' attention to the discontinuity, or preventing access to the area of the
discontinuity.
B-3.0
TRAFFIC SIGN, SIGNAL SERVICE AND SAFETY
DEVICE STANDARDS
B-3.1
LUMINAIRES
Roadway lighting is installed to improve traffic safety and operations during hours of darkness.
Roadway lighting may enhance visibility and help drivers to make safe choices.
Lighting for highways is generally categorized into conventional lighting systems and high
mast lighting systems:
TABLE B-10
HIGH MAST AND CONVENTIONAL LIGHTING SYSTEMS
High Mast Light Standard / Luminaire
Conventional Light Standard / Luminaire
A high mast lighting system consists of steel poles ranging from 20 metres to 40 metres high.
These poles support high pressure sodium luminaires. They are usually located in the centre
median or within an interchange area. High mast lighting systems produce a comfortable light
with minimal glare for drivers. High mast lighting is economical where many installations are
required.
A conventional lighting system consists of steel poles ranging from 10 metres to 20 metres
high. The poles support energy efficient, high pressure sodium luminaires, and are usually
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 39 of 79
located in the centre median or along the edge of pavement. Conventional lighting is
economical where few installations are required.
The Guiding Principle to be followed for illumination is as follows:
(0.1) The minimum standard for the frequency of inspecting all luminaires to check to see
that they are functioning is once per calendar year, with each inspection taking place
not more than 16 months from the previous inspection.
(1)
For conventional illumination if 3 or more consecutive luminaires on a highway are not
functioning, the minimum standard is to repair the luminaires within the time set out in
Table B-11 after becoming aware of the fact.
(2)
For conventional illumination and high mast illumination, if 30% or more of the
luminaires on any kilometer of highway are not functioning, the minimum standard is to
repair the luminaires within the time set out in Table B-11 after becoming aware of the
fact.
(3)
For high mast illumination, if all the luminaires on consecutive poles are not functioning,
the minimum standard is to deploy resources as soon as practicable after becoming
aware of the fact to repair the luminaires.
(4)
For conventional illumination and high mast illumination, if more than 50% of the
luminaires on any kilometer of a Class 1 highway with a speed limit of 90 kilometers per
hour or more are not functioning, the minimum standard is to deploy resources as soon
as practicable after becoming aware of the fact to repair the luminaires.
Luminaires are deemed to be in a state of repair:
(a)
for the purpose of subsection (1), if the number of non-functioning consecutive
luminaires does not exceed two
(b)
for the purpose of subsection (2), if more than 70% of luminaires on any kilometer of
highway are functioning
(c)
for the purpose of subsection (3), if one or more of the luminaires on consecutive poles
are functioning
(d)
for the purpose of subsection (4), if more than 50% of luminaires on any kilometer of
highway are functioning.
Subsections (1), (2) and (3) only apply to:
(a)
Class 1 and Class 2 highways, and
(b) Class 3, Class 4 and Class 5 highways with a posted speed of 80 kilometers per hour
or more
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 40 of 79
TABLE B-11
LUMINAIRES
Class of highway
Time
1
7 days
2
7 days
3
14 days
4
14 days
5
14 days
All of the Township of Hornepayne's Streets & Roads are Class 5, as highlighted in Green in the
Table above.
B-3.2
SIGNS
Signs inform the driver or pedestrian of traffic regulations, warn of road characteristics and
road hazards, and provide information necessary for route selection. All traffic control devices
must fulfill a need, command attention, convey a clear and simple meaning, provide adequate
time for a proper response, and command respect of road users.
Prior to placement of signs, the roadway authority should refer to the Manual of Uniform Traffic
Control Devices for Canada.
Table B-12 provides a brief description of the various categories of signs and type of
application.
The minimum standard for the frequency of inspecting signs of a type listed in Table B-12 is to
check to see that they meet the retro-reflectivity requirements of the Ontario Traffic Manual is
once per calendar year, with each inspection taking place not more than 16 months from the
previous inspection.
A sign that has been inspected is deemed to be in a state of repair with respect to the retro-
reflectivity requirements of the Ontario Traffic Manual until the next inspection provided that
the municipality does not acquire knowledge that the sign has ceased to meet these
requirements.
If any sign listed in Table B-12 is illegible, improperly oriented, obscured or missing, the
minimum standard is to deploy resources as soon as practicable after becoming aware of the
fact to repair or replace the sign.
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 41 of 79
TABLE B-12
SIGN TYPE / DESCRIPTION
Type
Description
Application
Regulatory Signs
Indicates a traffic regulation that
applies at a specific time or place
on a road.
Right-of-way control, Speed control, Turn
control, Directional traffic control, Passing
control, Lane designation, Parking control,
Specific types of road user control,
Miscellaneous regulatory signs,
Temporary regulatory tab signs
Warning Signs
Indicate in advance conditions on
or adjacent to a road that will
normally require caution and may
require a reduction in vehicle
speed. Warning signs are
classified into the following groups
according to their particular
function
Road alignment, Intersections, Specific
road features, Divided highway transitions,
Traffic regulations, ahead, Intermittent or
moving hazards, Temporary warning tab
signs
Guide &
Information Signs
Purpose is to convey information to
the driver for route selection, for
locating off-road facilities, or for
identifying geographical features or
points of interest.
Destination guide signs, Route marker
signs, Guide sign supplementary tab
signs, Off-road services signs,
Miscellaneous information signs,
Temporary Information tab signs
Freeway Guide
Signs
Used to convey information to the
driver for route selection, for
locating off-road facilities, or for
identifying geographical features or
points of interest.
Destination signing, Interchange signing,
non-interchange signing, Miscellaneous
freeway guide signs
Pedestrian Signs
Provide safe crossing control and
protection for pedestrians. Include
installation of signs, signals and
pavement markings for these
purposes.
Crosswalk lighting, Crosswalk pavement
markings, pedestrian crosswalks, School
crosswalks, Special crosswalks, Traffic
control signals at pedestrian crossings,
School and playground areas, Other
pedestrian signs
REGULATORY AND WARNING SIGNS
The minimum standard for the frequency of inspecting regulatory signs or warning signs, per
Table B-12, is to check to see that they meet the retro-reflectivity requirements of the Ontario
Traffic Manual is once per calendar year, with each inspection taking place not more than 16
months from the previous inspection.
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 42 of 79
A regulatory sign or warning sign that has been inspected is deemed to be in a state of repair
with respect to the retro-reflectivity requirements of the Ontario Traffic Manual until the next
inspection provided that the municipality does not acquire knowledge that the sign has ceased
to meet these requirements.
If a regulatory sign or warning sign is illegible, improperly oriented, obscured or missing, the
standard is to repair or replace the sign within the time set out in Table B-13 to this section
after becoming aware of the fact.
TABLE B-13
REGULATORY AND WARNING SIGNS
Class of highway
Time
1
7 days
2
14 days
3
21 days
4
30 days
5
30 days
All of the Township of Hornepayne's Streets & Roads are Class 5, as highlighted in Green in the
Table above.
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 43 of 79
Section C
HOURS OF SERVICE
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY
Page 44 of 79
HOURS OF SERVICE
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION
ITEM
PAGE
C-1.0
INTRODUCTION
45
C-2.0
HOURS OF SERVICE REQUIREMENTS
46
C-2.1
DAILY STATUS
46
C-2.2
DAILY REQUIREMENT
46
C-2.3
MANDATORY OFF-DUTY TIME
46
C-2.4
CYCLE REQUIREMENT & CYCLE
RESET/SWITCHING
46
C-2.5
RECORD KEEPING REQUIREMENT
47
C-2.6
WHAT IS A COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE
(CMV)
48
C-2.7
THE HOURS OF SERVICE REGULATION DOES
NOT APPLY TO:
48
C-3.0
EXEMPTIONS
48
C-4.0
PROTOCOL WHEN OPERATING UNDER THE
EXEMPTIONS
49
C-4.1
WHO DERTERMINES A
SIGNIFICANT/IMPENDING SITUATION
49
C-4.2
DESIGNATED AUTHORITY
49
C-4.3
DEFINITION OF A SIGNIFICANT/IMPENDING
SITUATION
49
C-4.4
DOCUMENTATION
50
C-4.5
RETURN TO COMPLIANCE
50
C-5.0
INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE
REQUIREMENTS
50
C-6.0
RECORD RETENTION
50
C-6.1
LOG RETENTION
50
C-6.2
DAILY INSPECTION RECORDS AND
MAINTENANCE DOCUMENTS
51
C-6.3
DAILY MAINTENANCE RECORDS
51
C-7.0
EMPLOYMENT STANDARDS ACT
51
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 45 of 79
C-1.0
INTRODUCTION
Regulation 555/06, "Hours of Service" of the Highway Traffic Act came into effect January 1,
2007. The intent of this regulation is to ensure that commercial drivers, including drivers of
municipal vehicles, enjoy adequate rest periods.
Municipalities expressed concern over the restrictions as it impedes the municipality's ability to
deal with significant or impending situations. Exemptions to regulation 555/06 were made to
address municipal concerns and allow longer working hours than specified in the Hours of
Service Regulation. The exemptions are outlined in section 3.0 - Exemptions.
Inherent within the policy is the expectation that Township staff will act responsibly and will
operate their vehicles, at all times, reasonably with due regard for the prevailing weather and
roadway conditions, as well as have regard for the Highway Traffic Act, its regulations, and
guidelines.
When minor amendments to this policy are required (i.e. technical errors, typing errors, word
changes), staff are authorized by Council to amend the policy from time to time. Amendments
that are deemed to be major in nature, will be taken to Council for approval.
References to legislation imply the most recent statutes, as amended. Thus, this policy need
not be amended to maintain the applicability of such references.
All municipal employees shall have regard to
"Hours of Service" as legislated.
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 46 of 79
C-2.0
HOURS OF SERVICE REQUIREMENTS
The following outlines Hours of Service requirements. For full details, refer to Ontario
Regulation 555/06, as amended.
C-2.1 Duty Status
There are four categories of duty status time:
1. Off-duty time, other than time spent in a sleeper berth
2. Off-duty time spent in a sleeper berth
3. On-duty time spent driving
4. On-duty time, other than time spent driving
C-2.2 Daily Requirement
- A driver must have 10 hours off-duty in a day
- A driver cannot drive more than 13 hours in a day
- A driver cannot drive after 14 hours on-duty in a day
SOME exceptions apply, refer to Ontario Regulation 555/06
C-2.3 Mandatory Off-duty Time
- After a driver has accumulated 13 hours of driving time from the end of the most
recent period of eight or more consecutive hours of off-duty time, the driver shall
not drive again unless he or she takes at least eight consecutive hours of off-duty
time.
- After a driver has accumulated 14 hours of on-duty time from the end of the most
recent period of eight or more consecutive hours of off-duty time, the driver shall
not drive again unless he or she takes at least eight consecutive hours of off-duty
time.
- After 16 hours have elapsed from the end of the most recent period of eight or
more consecutive hours of off-duty time, the driver shall not drive again unless he
or she takes at least eight consecutive hours of off-duty time.
C-2.4 Cycle Requirement & Cycle Reset / Switching
Cycle Requirement
- An operator shall designate a cycle for the driver to follow
- There are two cycles available, a 7 day cycle or a 14 day cycle
- In a period of 7 consecutive days a driver cannot drive after having been on-duty
for 70 hours
- In a period of 14 consecutive days a driver cannot drive after having been on
duty for 120 hours. Drivers following this cycle shall not drive after accumulating
70 hours on-duty without having taken 24 consecutive hours of off-duty time
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 47 of 79
- On any day, all drivers must have a period of at least 24 consecutive hours off-
duty in the preceding 14 days
Cycle Reset / Switching
- A driver may only switch the cycle they are on if they start a new cycle
- To start a new cycle, a driver on the 7 day cycle must take 36 consecutive hours
off-duty
- To start a new cycle a driver on the 14 day cycle must take 72 consecutive hours
off-duty
C-2.5 Record Keeping Requirement
Daily Log Contents
A daily log may be handwritten, computer generated or made by means of a
recording device. A daily log must contain the following information:
- The driver's name
- The date
- The name of driver's co-drivers if any
- The start time of the day being recorded if the day does not start at midnight
- The cycle that the driver is following
- The odometer reading, at the start of the day
- The number plate of each commercial motor vehicle to be driven and each trailer
- The name of the operator
- The address of the driver's home terminal and of the principal place of business
of the operator
- Graph grid as illustration in Form 1 of the regulation (not required for Recording
Device)
- The start and end times for each duty status during the day
- The location where the driver's duty status changes
- The total time spent in each duty status during the day
- The odometer reading at the end of the day
- The total distance driven by the driver
Daily Log Exemption
A driver is not required to keep a daily log if the driver:
- Drives the commercial motor vehicle solely within a radius of 160 kilometers of
the location at which the driver start the day, and
- Returns at the end of the day to the same location from which he/she started,
and
- Only works for one operator that day
If a driver is not required to keep a daily log the operator shall keep a record for the
day showing:
- The date, driver's name, and the location where the driver starts and
ends the day
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 48 of 79
- The cycle that the driver is following
- The hour at which each duty status starts and ends, and the total number of
hours spent in each duty status
C-2.6
What is a Commercial Motor Vehicle (CMV)?
For the purpose of this regulation a CMV does not include:
- a commercial motor vehicle, other than a bus, having a gross weight or registered
gross weight of not more than 4,500 kilograms
- an ambulance, fire apparatus, a hearse, or a casket wagon
- a mobile crane
- a motor home or a vehicle commonly known as a tow truck
- a commercial motor vehicle leased for no longer than thirty days by an individual
- a commercial motor vehicle operated under a dealer or service permit that is not
transporting passengers or goods
- a commercial motor vehicle operated under the authority of an In-Transit permit
- a bus that is used for personal purposes without compensation
C-2.7
The Hours of Service Regulation Does Not apply to:
- 2 or 3 axle CMV transporting primary farm, forest, sea, or lake products
- a vehicle being used by a police officer
- a cardiac arrest vehicle
- a vehicle engaged in providing relief in an emergency
- a bus operated by a municipality as part of a public transit service
- a pick-up truck being used for personal purposes that has a manufacturer's
gross vehicle weight rating of 6,000 kilograms or less
For detailed and accurate references, including amendments, refer to the Highway Traffic Act
and Ontario Regulation 555/06 - Hours of Service.
Drivers and operators must make themselves aware of changes in regulations for
International Driving and/or Interprovincial Driving.
C-3.0
EXEMPTIONS
In response to concerns regarding municipal operations, Regulation 405/07 amends the
"Hours of Service" Regulation 555/06. Amendments include exemptions to the Hours of
Service regulation to address municipal concerns regarding situations that require working
longer hours than specified in the Hours of Service regulation. Events such as winter storms,
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 49 of 79
windstorms, flooding, power outages and water main breaks may be potential situations where
the regulation could be used.
Exemption from hours of service provisions in the following situations:
1.
"A vehicle engaged in providing relief in an emergency, being a situation or
impending situation that constitutes a danger of major proportions to life, property or
the environment, whether caused by forces of nature, an accident, an intentional act
or otherwise," or
2.
"A vehicle operated by or on behalf of a municipality, road authority or public utility
while responding to a situation or impending situation that constitutes an imminent
danger, though not one of major proportions, to life, property or the environment,
whether caused by forces of nature, an accident, an intentional act or otherwise."
This amendment provides flexibility for each municipality (in a manner the municipality deems
appropriate) to determine whether a situation constitutes "an imminent danger ... to life,
property or the environment". However, once the danger has passed, compliance with the
regulation must be resumed and the driver must rest for a required period before operating a
commercial vehicle.
C-4.0
PROTOCOL WHEN OPERATING UNDER THE
EXEMPTIONS
The Township of Hornepayne requires staff to adhere to the following protocol when operating
under the exemptions.
C- 4.1 Who determines a Significant/Impending situation:
The Municipality determines when a situation or impending situation exists.
C-4.2 Designated Authority
The Public Works Manager or designate shall determine that a situation or impending
situation exists that is causing or could cause an imminent danger to life, property or
the environment.
Consideration for a 'Declaration of a Local State of Emergency' must be declared by
either the Mayor or his/her designate. Declaration of a Local State of Emergency may
be deemed necessary for events such as 100 year storms, spills evacuation, water
contamination, etc.
C-4.3 Definition of a Significant/Impending situation:
The Public Works Manager or designate will determine that a situation or impending
situation exists that is causing or could cause an imminent danger to life, property or
the environment. Imminent danger may include, but is not limited to:
-
Winter storms
-
Wind storms
-
Flooding
-
Power outages
-
Watermain breaks
-
State of emergency
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 50 of 79
C-4.4 Documentation:
Documentation shall be made and retained, outlining the circumstances that were
occurring or about to occur that led to the decision that the exemption would apply.
Documentation shall include start and stop times, and a running log of events during
the exemption.
C-4.5 Return to Compliance:
As soon as possible after the situation has been resolved, the municipality will resume
compliance with the Hours of Service Regulation. All drivers will be expected to comply
with the regulation by obtaining the required rest time, before resuming driving.
C-5.0
INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE
REQUIREMENTS
The minimum daily truck inspection and maintenance requirements listed herein must be
followed. It is the Public Works Manager's responsibility to ensure the following steps are
followed:
1)
A daily pre-travel circle check report must be completed and logged for any truck
or tractor and any towed trailer(s) regardless of the distance to be traveled,
before leaving.
2)
A post-travel report is required upon return.
3)
When a report is prepared, the report is to be filled out and signed at the
completion of the inspection, carried in or on the vehicle and produced to an
enforcement officer upon request.
4)
A report is valid for 24 hours. Any number of drivers may operate the vehicle
with an inspection and report completed by another driver if the inspection and
report are not more than 24 hours old.
5)
A person other than the driver may conduct the inspection and complete the
report.
C-6.0
RECORD RETENTION
C-6.1 Log Retention
Driver
1)
Have the previous 14 days' worth of logs (or time records if you were exempt
from requiring a daily log during any of those days).
2)
Have your current log complete up to the last duty status change.
3)
Keep any supporting documents (i.e. receipts).
Operator
1)
Operator should receive the original of a daily log and supporting documents
within 20 days.
2)
Daily log and supporting documents must be at the principal place of business
with 30 days of receiving them and keep them for at least 6 months. If
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 51 of 79
documents are in an electronic format, they must be accessible from the primary
place of business.
C-6.2 Daily Inspection Records and Maintenance Documents:
1)
A report listing no defect(s),is kept for three months.
2)
A report that lists defects, repairs or indications that repairs were not required
becomes a "record" of defects and repairs and is kept for two years along with
other vehicle maintenance documents.
3)
Records and reports are kept at the operator's principal place of business.
C-6.3 Daily Maintenance Records:
1)
Maintenance records are kept at the operator's principal place of business for
two years, or
2)
Maintenance records are kept for 6 months after the vehicle ceases to be the
operator's responsibility.
C-7.0
EMPLOYMENT STANDARDS ACT
The Employment Standards Act, 2000 (ESA) is a law that sets minimum standards for fair
workplace practices in Ontario. It does not cover employees in federal jurisdiction and people
in a few other special categories. There are exceptions and special rules for some
employees.
The ESA outlines rights and responsibilities at work including hours of work, rest periods,
overtime pay, minimum wage, payday, vacation time and pay, public holidays, leaves of
absence, termination notice and pay, etc.
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 52 of 79
Section D
APPENDICES
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 53 of 79
APPENDICES
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION
ITEM
PAGE
D-1.0
APPENDIX 1
MAP CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
54
D-2.0
APPENDIX 2
HIGHWAY CLASSIFICATIONS
56
D-3.0
APPENDIX 3
SNOW REMOVAL ROUTE 1 (GRADER)
60
D-4.0
APPENDIX 4
SNOW REMOVAL ROUTE 2 (AIRPORT
LOADER)
66
D-5.0
APPENDIX 5
SNOW REMOVAL ROUTE 3 (TOWNSHIP
LOADER)
71
D-6.0
APPENDIX 6
MINIMUM STANDARDS - ROAD
MAINTENANCE CHART
74
D-7.0
APPENDIX 7
NOTICE_DECLARATION OF SIGNIFICANT
WEATHER EVENT
76
D-8.0
APPENDIX 8
HOURS OF SERVICE - RECORDING
FORMS
78
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 54 of 79
Appendix 1
MAP
CRITICAL
INFRASTRUCTURE
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Appendix 2
HIGHWAY CLASSIFICATIONS
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Table A2-1
HIGHWAY CLASSIFICATIONS
Street Name
CL
Length
Speed Limit
AADT
Class
(m)
(km/hr)
Estimates
Airport Road
3000
80 (3)
< 50 (1)(5)
6
Becker Road (from Front St)
500
40 (2)
< 1000 (5)
5
Becker Road (from Hwy 631)
6400
40 (2)
< 500 (5)
5
Cedar Avenue
157
50 (3)
< 200 (5)
5
Cree Lake Road (4)
3400
40 (2)
< 500 (5)
5
Cree Lake Cottage Road (4)
1800
80 (3)
< 50 (1)
6
Ecomadina Avenue
390
50 (3)
< 200 (5)
5
Fifth Avenue
564
50 (3)
< 200 (1)
5
Firman Avenue
120
50 (3)
< 200 (5)
5
First Avenue
113
50 (3)
< 200 (5)
5
First Street
1044
50 (3)
< 200 (1)
5
Fourth Avenue
476
50 (3)
< 200 (1)
5
Front Street
1158
40 (2)
< 500 (5)
5
Government Lake Road
8300
80 (2)
< 50 (1)
6
Green Street
142
50 (3)
< 200 (5)
5
Herbert Avenue
396
50 (3)
< 200 (5)
5
High Street
173
50 (3)
< 200 (5)
5
Honka Drive
126
50 (3)
< 200 (5)
5
King Street
242
50 (3)
< 200 (5)
5
Laird Road
95
50 (3)
< 200 (5)
5
Lane A
350
50 (3)
< 200 (5)
5
Lane B
190
50 (3)
< 200 (5)
5
Lane C
270
50 (3)
< 200 (5)
5
Lane D
220
50 (3)
< 200 (5)
5
Leslie Avenue (Hwy 631)
300
40 (2)
<1000 (1)
5
Marathon Road
504
50 (3)
< 200 (5)
5
McLeod Street
173
50 (3)
< 200 (5)
5
Murphy Avenue
163
50 (3)
< 200 (5)
5
Murphy Lane
408
50 (3)
< 200 (5)
5
Napier Street
124
50 (3)
< 200 (5)
5
Nesomadina Avenue
401
50 (3)
< 500 (1)(5)
5
Old Land & Forest Road
2500
80 (3)
< 50 (1)
6
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Street Name
CL
Length
Speed Limit
AADT
Class
(m)
(km/hr)
Estimates
Pine Street
213
50 (3)
< 200 (5)
5
Queen Street
346
50 (3)
< 200 (5)
5
Riverside Drive
426
50 (3)
< 200 (5)
5
Roundhouse Road
1581
40 (2)
< 500 (5)
5
Second Avenue
263
50 (3)
< 200 (5)
5
Second Street
520
50 (3)
< 200 (5)
5
Seventh Avenue
306
50 (3)
< 200 (5)
5
Sixth Avenue
380
50 (3)
< 200 (5)
5
Spruce Street
256
50 (3)
< 200 (5)
5
Spurline Lake Road
700
80 (3)
< 50 (1)
6
Third Avenue
1092
40 (2)
< 2000 (1)
5
Third Street
327
50 (3)
< 200 (1)
5
Tower Road
235
50 (3)
< 200 (5)
5
West End Road
805
50 (3)
< 200 (5)
5
Willow Avenue
158
50 (3)
< 200 (5)
5
Total (m)
41807
Notes:
1. AADT Estimates, per Table A2-2
2. Roads have posted speed limits
3. Roads have un-posted speed limits
4. Roads are in the Unincorporated Twp of Haig
5. AADT Best Estimates, given actual readings and
local knowledge
ROAD MAINTENANCE POLICY Page 59 of 79
Table A2-2
AADT Estimates
Street Name
Traffic Count
Res. Count
Factor
AADT
Liveable Cities Traffic Counts - 7 days, Feb 25 to Mar 3, 2024
3rd Avenue
12509
Divide by 7
1787
Leslie Avenue
6672
Divide by 7
953
Internal Traffic Counts - May 7, 8, 9 & 14, 2024 from 2:00 to 6:00 pm
Government Lake Road
13
Divide by 0.3
43
Old Land & Forest Road
14
Divide by 0.3
47
3rd Street
50
Divide by 0.3
167
4th Avenue
50
Divide by 0.3
167
1st Street
32
Divide by 0.3
107
5th Avenue
40
Divide by 0.3
133
3rd Avenue
195
Divide by 0.3
650
Nesomadina Avenue
52
Divide by 0.3
173
Dead End Road - Residential Counts
Airport Road
0
Multiply by 6
0
Spurline Lake Road
0
Multiply by 6
0
Cree Lake Cottage Road
8
Multiply by 6
48
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Appendix 3
SNOW PLOW ROUTE 1
(GRADER)
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Table A3-1
Snow Plow Route 1 (Grader)
Street Name
From
To
Length
(m)
Other
Spruce Street
Becker Road
Dead End
256
Leslie Avenue (Hwy 631)
Second Street
Front Street
300
Connecting Link,
Ambulance
Front Street
Leslie Avenue (Hwy
631)
Third Avenue
707
Fire Hall, Municipal
Offices
Fifth Avenue
Front Street
Marathon Road
157
Third Avenue
Government Lake
Road
Front Street
1092
Health Unit
Murphy Lane
Third Avenue
Tower Road
408
Ecomadina Avenue
Third Avenue
Tower Road
390
Nesomadina Avenue
Third Avenue
Tower Road
401
Elementary School
Tower Road
Murphy Lane
Dead End
235
Arena, Public Safety
Murphys Avenue
Murphy Lane
Dead End
163
McLeod Street
Nesomadina
Avenue
Murphys Lane
173
Laird Road
Third Avenue
Dead End
95
Third Street
Third Avenue
First Avenue
109
First Avenue
Third Street
Dead End
113
Second Street
Third Avenue
Second Avenue
48
Second Avenue
Second Street
West End Road
263
First Street
Third Avenue
Second Avenue
106
West End Road
Third Avenue
Dead End
805
Napier Street
West End Road
Dead End
124
Green Street
West End Road
High Street
142
High Street
Green Street
Dead End
173
Government Lake Road
Third Street
Dead End
8300
Old Land & Forest Road
Third Street
Hwy 631
2500
Becker Road
Front Street
Haig Twp
6900
Police, Landfill
Cree Lake Road
Haig Twp
Lumber Mill
3400
Haig Twp
Cree Lake Cottage Road
Becker Road
Cree Lake
1800
Haig Twp
Total (m)
29160
Hallmark Fire Lane (1)
Fifth Avenue
Hwy 631
450
Fire Lane
Note:
(1) Not a Public Road
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Appendix 4
SNOW PLOW ROUTE 2
(AIRPORT LOADER)
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Table A4-1
Snow Plow Route 2 (Airport Loader)
Street Name
From
To
Length (m)
Other
Front Street
Leslie Avenue (Hwy
631)
Dead End
451
Hospital
Cedar Avenue
Front Street
Dead End
157
First Street
Third Avenue
Cedar Avenue
938
Willow Avenue
Front Street
First Street
158
Herbert Avenue
Front Street
Dead End
396
Second Street
Herbert Avenue
Seventh Avenue
272
Seventh Avenue
Second Street
Front Street
306
Sixth Avenue
Second Street
Front Street
320
Second Street
Sixth Avenue
Fifth Avenue
100
Fifth Avenue
Front Street
Third Street
310
Third Street
Third Avenue
Fifth Avenue
218
Fourth Avenue
Front Street
Third Street
476
High School
Second Street
Fourth Avenue
Third Avenue
100
Marathon Road
Becker Road
Roundhouse
Road
504
Roundhouse Road
Marathon Road
Hwy 631
1581
Honka Drive
Marathon Road
Dead End
126
King Street
Marathon Road
Dead End
242
Fifth Avenue
Marathon Road
King Street
97
Pine Street
Roundhouse Road
Dead End
213
Queen Street
Roundhouse Road
Pine Street
346
Riverside Drive
Roundhouse Road
Dead End
426
Airport Road
Hwy 631
Dead End
3000
Spurline Lake
Road
Hwy 631
Dead End
700
Total (m)
11437
Cemetery (1)
Becker Road
Becker Road
Landfill Road (1)
Becker Road
Landfill Site
1000
Note:
(1) Not a Public Road
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Appendix 5
SNOW PLOW ROUTE 3
(TOWNSHIP LOADER)
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Table A5-1
Snow Plow Route 3 (Township Loader)
Street Name
From
To
Length (m)
Other
Firman Avenue
Third Avenue
Fourth Avenue
120
Lane A
Second Street
Firman Avenue
350
Lane D
Fourth Avenue
Sixth Avenue
220
Lane B
Lane D
Dead End
190
Lane C
Lane D
Second Street
270
Sixth Avenue
Second Street
Dead End
60
Total (m)
1210
Arena (1)
Public Safety
Note:
(1) Not a Public Road
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Appendix 6
MINIMUM STANDARDS
ROAD MAINTENANCE CHART
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Table A6-1
Minimum Standards - Road Maintenance Chart
CLASS 5 Roads
Routine Patrolling Frequency
once every 30 days
Roadways
Potholes on Paved Surface
of Roadway
Surface:
Depth:
Time:
1000 cm2
8 cm
30 days
Potholes on Non-paved Surface
of Roadway
Surface:
Depth:
Time:
1500 cm2
12 cm
30 days
Potholes on Paved or Non-paved
Surface of Shoulder
Surface:
Depth:
Time:
1500 cm2
12 cm
60 days
Shoulder Drop-offs (for a
continuous distance of 20 meters
or more)
Depth:
Time:
8 cm
30 days
Cracks (for a continuous distance
of 3 meters or more)
Width:
Depth:
Time:
5 cm
5 cm
180 days
Luminaires
Time:
14 days
Conventional Illumination
If 3 or more consecutive luminaires on a highway are not
functioning
Conventional and High Mast
Illumination
If 30% or more of the luminaires on any kilometer of highway are
not functioning
Signs
If any of the following signs is illegible, improperly oriented or
missing, or does not meet retro-reflectivity requirements, the
minimum standard is to deploy resources as soon as practicable
after becoming aware:
- Stop sign
- Stop ahead
- Yield
- Yield ahead
All Other Reg. or Warning Signs
Days:
30 days
Bridge Deck Spalls
Surface:
Depth:
Time:
1000 cm2
8 cm
7 days
Surface Discontinuities Other than
a Bridge Deck
Height:
Time:
5 cm
21 days
Bridge Decks
If discontinuity exceeds 5 cm on a bridge deck, the minimum
standard is to deploy resources as soon as practicable after
becoming aware.
Snow Accumulation
Depth:
Time:
10 cm
24 hours
Icy Roadways
Time:
16 hours
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Appendix 7
NOTICES
DECLARATION OF
SIGNIFICANT WEATHER EVENT
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Significant Weather Event... Warning
Environment Canada has issued a storm alert warning. Township staff will
be monitoring the forecast and approaching weather conditions for the
possibility to declare a Significant Weather Event.
Significant Weather Event... Warning Cancelled
The Significant Weather Event Warning potentially impacting Township of
Hornepayne roads has been cancelled. Please continue to use caution as
conditions may vary from area to area.
Significant Weather Event... Declared
The Township of Hornepayne has declared a Significant Weather
Event in the area with respect to existing or potential hazardous
storm conditions continuing until further notice.
- All roads and sidewalks maintained by the Township are considered to
be in a "state of repair" until further notice.
- Drivers and pedestrians should use an appropriate level of caution when
travelling during this event and avoid unnecessary travel.
- Crews continue to work diligently to ensure public safety, but it may take
longer than normal to maintain the roadways and sidewalks. Your
cooperation is appreciated.
- Garbage collection services may also be affected during this SWE; it
may take longer than usual to complete collection due to the storm.
Residents are advised to be patient while crews continue to collect.
Significant Weather Event... Ended
The Significant Weather Event impacting Township of Hornepayne roads
has ended. Please continue to use caution as conditions may vary from
area to area, while crews continue to maintain the roads and sidewalks.
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Appendix 8
HOURS OF SERVICE
RECORDING FORMS
Driver's Daily Log
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