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2026-2027
Winter Maintenance Manual
Roads Division
Public Works Department
Updated: September 2026
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2026-2027 Winter Maintenance Manual
September 2026
Contents
Roads Division ................................................................................................................ 1
Purpose ........................................................................................................................... 3
Objective ......................................................................................................................... 3
Policy Statement ............................................................................................................. 5
Winter Service Philosophy .............................................................................................. 6
Road Classifications ........................................................................................................ 7
Classification of Highways ................................................................................................... 7
Corporate Organization Chart ......................................................................................... 8
Maintenance Standards .................................................................................................. 9
Patrolling ............................................................................................................................. 9
Weather Monitoring ............................................................................................................. 9
Level of Service for Roadways ...................................................................................... 10
Snow Accumulation............................................................................................................10
Snow Accumulation Table (Minimum Maintenance Standard) .....................................10
Ice Formation on Roadways .......................................................................................11
Ice Formation Prevention Table ..................................................................................11
Treatment of Icy Roadways Table ...............................................................................11
Snow Pull (Lifting and Hauling) ...................................................................................11
Controlling the snowpack layer ...................................................................................12
Significant Weather Events .........................................................................................13
Winter Operations Priorities During Significant Weather Events..................................14
Procedures .................................................................................................................... 14
Roads ................................................................................................................................14
Sidewalks...........................................................................................................................15
Municipal Parking Lots .......................................................................................................15
School Zones .....................................................................................................................16
Special Areas .....................................................................................................................16
Variable Weather Conditions ..............................................................................................16
Winter Preparation ........................................................................................................ 17
Sand Boxes .......................................................................................................................17
Responsibilities of Residents ......................................................................................... 17
Snowplow Safety ...............................................................................................................17
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Garbage and Recycling Bins ..............................................................................................19
Managing Complaints and Requests for Services ..............................................................19
Repairing Property Damage ...............................................................................................21
By-Law Enforcement ..........................................................................................................21
Understanding Levels of Services ......................................................................................21
Frequently Asked Questions ......................................................................................... 23
Schedules ..................................................................................................................... 28
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2026-2027 Winter Maintenance Manual
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Overview
The Winter Maintenance Manual serves as a foundational document aimed at ensuring
that winter maintenance services in the Town of Kirkland Lake are delivered in a way
that promotes safety, reliability, efficiency, and environmental responsibility. These
services are carried out in alignment with the Town's approved level of service and
established standards. The manual outlines how the Town responds to the unique
challenges posed by winter weather, offering a structured approach to dealing with
snow and ice in an efficient manner while keeping environmental concerns in mind. The
objective of winter maintenance operations is to maintain safe and passable roadways,
sidewalks, and municipal assets through a prioritized and risk-based approach to
service delivery.
Purpose
The primary purpose of the manual is to safeguard the well-being of the public and
ensure that the Town's infrastructure, including roadways and sidewalks, remains
functional during winter storms and adverse weather conditions. The aim is to minimize
disruptions to the community's daily life by maintaining roadways and sidewalks in a
safe and passable condition, while recognizing the limitations imposed by weather,
available resources, and operational priorities. Additionally, the manual emphasizes
environmental stewardship by outlining winter maintenance practices that minimize
potential impacts on the environment, including the responsible use of sand and salt.
Objective
The objective of this document is to clearly define a consistent and achievable level of
service for winter maintenance operations. This includes specifying procedures for snow
and ice control to mitigate hazards and maintain the safe movement of people, goods,
and services within the community.
Winter maintenance standards within the manual are crucial as they establish varying
levels of service based on the classification and priority of roads and sidewalks. Higher-
priority transportation routes, including arterial roads, emergency service routes, school
zones, and designated pedestrian corridors, are generally serviced before lower-priority
routes. This risk-based and prioritized approach allows the Town to make effective use
of available resources while maintaining safe and passable transportation networks
during winter weather events.
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Winter Maintenance Standards and Priorities
The standards set forth in the manual are designed to prioritize snow and ice control in
a way that optimizes the use of available resources. This means that high-priority
routes, such as arterial roads, emergency service routes, school zones, and designated
pedestrian corridors, are serviced first. Residential streets, alleys, and secondary
sidewalks are addressed once higher-priority areas have been restored to a safe and
passable condition. During significant or prolonged winter weather events, available
resources may remain focused on maintaining priority transportation routes until
weather conditions improve and recovery operations can be completed. This system of
prioritization helps ensure that the Town can provide essential services to residents and
businesses in an orderly and efficient manner.
The winter maintenance procedures detailed in this document serve as a guide for
municipal staff, contractors, and other stakeholders involved in winter maintenance
operations. These procedures outline the actions required to meet the Town's winter
maintenance standards while accounting for the unique characteristics and operational
needs of various roadways and pedestrian facilities. These activities include, but are not
limited to, snow plowing, salting, sanding, grading, snow removal, and ice control.
Managing Limited Resources
One of the challenges faced with winter maintenance is that all roads and sidewalks
cannot be serviced simultaneously. The manual acknowledges this limitation and offers
a structured approach to ensure that the most critical areas are addressed first. By
clearly defining priority classifications for roadways and sidewalks, the town can efficiently
deploy resources like snowplows, salt trucks, and personnel where they are most needed
during winter events.
Risk Mitigation
While the manual recognizes that it is impossible to fully eliminate the risks associated
with winter weather, it underscores the importance of reducing those risks to a
manageable level. Through proper planning, prioritization, and execution of winter
maintenance activities, the Town can mitigate many of the negative impacts of winter
storms, including hazardous driving and walking conditions. By adhering to a consistent
and risk-based approach, the Town can deliver effective winter maintenance services
while maintaining public safety as a primary objective.
Ultimately, the Winter Maintenance Manual provides a framework that not only
addresses the operational aspects of winter weather management but also promotes
preparedness, resilience, and clear service expectations within the community.
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2026-2027 Winter Maintenance Manual
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Policy Statement
The Corporation of the Town of Kirkland Lake is committed to coordinating winter
maintenance activities in compliance with the Municipal Act, 2001, the Minimum
Maintenance Standards for Municipal Highways (O. Reg. 239/02), and any subsequent
amendments. The Town's objective is to maintain safe and passable transportation
routes and provide reasonable access to residences, businesses, municipal facilities,
and emergency services during winter conditions.
Winter maintenance measures, including salting, sanding, snow plowing, grading, and
snow removal, will be determined based on the type, severity, duration, and forecasted
progression of each weather event. While this policy establishes service standards and
operational priorities, the Town reserves the right to adjust operations as necessary to
respond to significant weather events, changing conditions, emergencies, and other
unique circumstances.
In general, snow plowing operations will commence when snow accumulation reaches
or exceeds 5 cm, exceeding the Minimum Maintenance Standards where operationally
feasible. Salt and/or sand will be applied to slippery road surfaces as required to
improve traction and enhance public safety.
During significant, prolonged, or consecutive winter weather events, the Town's primary
objective may shift from complete snow removal and cleanup activities to maintaining
safe and passable conditions on priority transportation routes. Full restoration of
roadway widths, snowbank reduction, and other recovery activities may be delayed until
weather conditions improve and resources become available.
The Roads Supervisor, or their designated representative, is responsible for the timely
deployment of municipal personnel and equipment and for coordinating contractor
resources, where required, to support winter maintenance operations.
This manual outlines the standard operating procedures for the Town of Kirkland Lake's
winter maintenance operations. However, certain conditions may impact the Town's
ability to fully implement these procedures, including:
- Emergencies or safety hazards
- Equipment breakdowns
- Snow accumulation exceeding 2.5 cm per hour
- Freezing rain or severe ice conditions
- Traffic congestion
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- On-street parking
- Personnel availability due to illness
- Multiple or consecutive winter storm events
- Contractor or resource availability
- Restricted visibility or severe weather conditions
The Town of Kirkland Lake is committed to the continuous improvement of its winter
maintenance program. This manual will be reviewed annually and updated as required
to ensure it remains effective, practical, and responsive to the needs of the community.
Winter Service Philosophy
The Town's winter maintenance program is designed to maintain safe and passable
transportation routes throughout the municipality while making effective use of available
resources.
During active winter weather events, the Town's primary objective is to maintain mobility
and emergency access across the transportation network. Priority routes, including
arterial roads, emergency access routes, school zones, and designated pedestrian
corridors, are serviced first.
Winter maintenance operations occur in two phases:
Storm Response
- Maintaining safe and passable travel conditions.
- Keeping priority transportation routes operational.
- Addressing hazardous conditions and emergency access requirements.
Recovery Operations
- Widening roadways.
- Snowbank reduction.
- Snow removal and hauling.
- Final cleanup activities.
Weather conditions, traffic volumes, equipment availability, and operational priorities
may influence the timing of winter maintenance activities.
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Road Classifications
Ontario Regulation 239/02, which came into effect on November 1, 2002, sets out the
Minimum Maintenance Standards for Municipal Highways. This regulation was amended
in May 2018 under O. Reg. 366/18. It provides clear guidelines for municipalities to ensure
that road maintenance meets provincial standards.
Under this regulation, roadways are classified into six categories, with Class 1 receiving
the highest level of service and Class 6 the lowest. These classifications are based on
two key factors: the Average Annual Daily Traffic (AADT) and the posted or statutory
speed limit of the road. Higher-traffic roads with higher speed limits are given higher
priority for maintenance, ensuring a proportional response to their importance in the
transportation network.
This system ensures that road maintenance efforts are efficiently allocated to support
public safety and mobility, especially during adverse weather conditions.
Classification of Highways
AADT
91-100
km/h
81-90
km/h
71-80
km/h
61-70
km/h
51-60
km/h
41-50
km/h
1-40
km/h
53K +
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
23K - 52,999
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
15K - 22,999
1
1
2
2
2
3
3
12K - 14,999
1
1
2
2
2
3
3
10K - 11,999
1
1
2
2
3
3
3
8K - 9,999
1
1
2
3
3
3
3
6K - 7,999
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5K - 5,999
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
4K - 4,999
1
2
3
3
3
4
4
3K - 3,999
1
2
3
3
3
4
4
2K - 2,999
1
2
3
3
4
5
5
1K - 1,999
1
3
3
3
4
5
5
500 - 900
1
3
4
4
4
5
5
200 - 499
1
3
4
4
5
5
6
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AADT
91-100
km/h
81-90
km/h
71-80
km/h
61-70
km/h
51-60
km/h
41-50
km/h
1-40
km/h
50 - 199
1
3
4
5
5
6
6
0 - 49
1
3
6
6
6
6
6
MTO, O Reg. 366/18
The Town of Kirkland Lake is responsible for maintaining roads classified as Class 3,
Class 4, and Class 5 within its jurisdiction. These classifications, as outlined in Schedule
A, guide the level of winter maintenance provided to ensure safe and efficient travel based
on the specific needs of each roadway.
Corporate Organization Chart
The Roads Supervisor reports directly to the Director of Public Works, as illustrated in the
organizational chart below.
Council
Chief Administrative
Officer
Director of Public
Works
Roads Supervisor(s)
The Roads Supervisor is responsible for executing the Winter Maintenance Manual, as
adopted by Council. While the manual outlines general procedures, the Roads Supervisor
has the discretion to adjust specific operational actions to implement the plan effectively.
If the Director of Public Works, the Chief Administrative Officer, or Council requires
actions beyond the standards set forth in the Winter Maintenance Manual, such requests
must be submitted in writing and formally documented in Town records.
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Maintenance Standards
Patrolling
Patrolling is a key component of winter maintenance, ensuring road conditions are
regularly assessed and necessary actions are taken to maintain safety. This responsibility
falls to the Roads Supervisor or their designated representative.
The frequency of patrolling is governed by provincial standards, as outlined in the table
below:
Class of Highway
Patrolling Frequency
Class 3
Once every 7 days
Class 4
Once every 14 days
Class 5
Once every 30 days
However, during adverse weather conditions or when weather monitoring indicates a
significant likelihood of snow accumulation or ice formation, patrolling frequency is
determined at the discretion of the Roads Supervisor. In these cases, more frequent
assessments may be necessary to ensure timely intervention and road safety.
Regular patrolling allows for the early detection of hazardous conditions, enabling the
municipality to deploy resources effectively and address emerging issues, such as snow
buildup or ice formation, before they compromise road safety.
Weather Monitoring
Weather monitoring plays a crucial role in determining when to initiate patrolling and
winter maintenance activities. The Roads Supervisor, or their designate, is responsible
for monitoring weather conditions through reliable sources such as weather forecasting
websites or by conducting road patrols. A combination of these methods may be used to
ensure accurate and up-to-date information.
From October 1st to May 30th, the Minimum Maintenance Standards Regulations requires
that weather be monitored--both current conditions and the 24-hour forecast--three
times per calendar day. This regular monitoring helps anticipate changing conditions,
allowing the Roads Supervisor to make informed decisions about winter maintenance
operations.
By staying proactive in weather monitoring and adjusting patrol as necessary, the Town
ensures that its roadways remain safe and passable, even under unpredictable winter
conditions.
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Level of Service for Roadways
Snow Accumulation
The minimum standard for addressing snow accumulation is as follows:
1. Upon becoming aware that snow accumulation on a roadway exceeds the depth
specified in the "Snow Accumulation Table" below, the Town will deploy resources
as soon as practicable to address the accumulation.
2. After the snow has stopped falling, the Town will reduce snow levels on the
roadway to meet or fall below the specified depths in the "Snow Accumulation
Table" within the designated timeframes.
The depth of snow accumulation is determined by the Roads Supervisor or their
designate, based on actual measurements, weather monitoring, or visual estimates.
Addressing snow accumulation includes, but is not limited to:
- Plowing the roadway
- Removing snow
- Salting the roadway
- Applying abrasive materials (e.g., sand)
- Or any combination of these methods
Note: This section does not apply to areas designated for parking, sidewalks, or municipal
snow storage.
Snow Accumulation Table (Minimum Maintenance Standard)
Class of Highway
Depth
Time
Class 3
8 cm
12 hours
Class 4
8 cm
16 hours
Class 5
10 cm
24 hours
The Town uses three beats for efficient snow plowing, identified in Schedule B. These
beats are activated when snow accumulation exceeds 5 cm, exceeding the Minimum
Maintenance Standards Regulations. If snow accumulation is less than 5 cm, Beat 1 will
prioritize Class 3 highways and the downtown core, as shown in Schedule B.
During significant, prolonged, or consecutive winter weather events, the Town's primary
objective is to maintain safe and passable conditions on priority transportation routes.
Under these circumstances, lower-priority routes may experience delays while
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resources remain focused on maintaining critical transportation corridors and
emergency access routes.
Ice Formation on Roadways
To prevent ice formation, the minimum standard is as follows:
1. Within the 24 hours prior to potential ice formation, the Town must:
o Monitor the weather.
o Patrol roadways.
2. If weather monitoring and patrolling suggest a high probability of ice formation, the
Town will treat the affected roadways as soon as practicable.
Ice Formation Prevention Table
Class of Highway
Time to Treat
Class 3
16 hours
Class 4
24 hours
Class 5
24 hours
Once ice has formed, the Town will treat the roadway within the time limits set below,
applying materials such as salt, sand, or a combination to improve road safety.
Treatment of Icy Roadways Table
Class of Highway
Time to Treat
Class 3
8 hours
Class 4
12 hours
Class 5
16 hours
Salting and sanding routes are outlined in Schedules C and D of this manual. Salting will
only occur when temperatures are warmer than -8°C, and the forecast suggests it will
remain mild for the rest of the day. Sanding is carried out at the discretion of the Roads
Supervisor.
Snow Pull (Lifting and Hauling)
Priority List:
1. Class 3 Roads including Government Rd
2. All Designated School Zones**
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3. Class 4 Roads
4. Class 5 Roads
Snow removal within designated school zones will be prioritized to support pedestrian safety
and maintain adequate space for school buses, parent drop-off areas, and associated
parking requirements.
Snow removal may occur considering one or more of the following factors:
- Public safety
- Snow storage capacity
- Emergency access routes
- Street parking requirements
- Vehicle and pedestrian traffic volumes
- Parking lot capacity
- Roadway width restrictions
- Visibility concerns at intersections and access points
- Operational impacts on snow plowing and winter maintenance activities
Snow removal operations are undertaken to maintain safe and passable transportation
routes, preserve roadway width, improve visibility, and address situations where snow
accumulation limits the effectiveness of standard winter maintenance activities. Snow
removal priorities and scheduling will be determined by the Roads Supervisor or designate
based on operational requirements, available resources, weather conditions, and community
needs.
For Class 4 and Class 5 roads, the minimum roadway width maintained during winter
operations is 5.0 metres. Snow pulls, which involve lifting and hauling accumulated
snow, are detailed in Schedule E. The Roads Supervisor, or their designate, may initiate
snow removal operations when roadway width, visibility, snow storage capacity,
pedestrian safety, or operational requirements warrant such action.
Snow removal operations are intended to maintain safe and passable transportation
routes, preserve roadway width, improve sightlines, and support the efficient delivery of
winter maintenance services throughout the municipality.
All snow pulls will be communicated in advance through the Town of Kirkland Lake's
official communication channels, including the municipal website, social media
platforms, and local media outlets where appropriate.
Controlling the snowpack layer
To maintain safe and passable roadways throughout the winter season, road graders
may be used to manage the snowpack layer on municipal roads. Regular grading helps
control snow accumulation, improve driving conditions, and reduce the need for more
intensive corrective measures.
Road grading may be undertaken for the following purposes:
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Ongoing Maintenance:
Road graders may be used to shave and manage accumulated snowpack, helping to
maintain roadway conditions and improve surface traction.
Snowpack Management:
By controlling the depth and condition of the snowpack layer, grading operations help
prevent excessive compaction, rutting, and deterioration of roadway conditions.
Scarifying:
Scarifying may be undertaken when the snowpack has become excessively compacted,
rutted, polished, icy, or is otherwise creating safety concerns. Scarifying is generally
considered a corrective measure and may be used when routine plowing, grading,
sanding, or salting are no longer sufficient.
Adaptability:
The frequency and extent of grading operations will be determined by the Roads
Supervisor or designate based on weather conditions, roadway conditions, traffic
volumes, available resources, and operational priorities.
Through the use of grading and other winter maintenance activities, the Town aims to
maintain safe and passable transportation routes while making effective use of available
resources.
Significant Weather Events
The Town may declare a Significant Weather Event in accordance with Ontario
Regulation 239/02 when forecasts or observed conditions indicate that the relevant
Minimum Maintenance Standards may not be met due to the severity of the weather
event. Such declarations may be made in response to extreme snowfall, freezing rain,
ice formation, reduced visibility, or other conditions that significantly impact winter
maintenance operations. Notifications will be communicated through the Town of
Kirkland Lake's official communication channels, including the municipal website, social
media platforms, and local media outlets where appropriate.
A Significant Weather Event declaration will remain in effect until the Town determines
that conditions have improved sufficiently to allow winter maintenance activities to return
to normal operating procedures. Once the declaration has been lifted, snow
accumulation and ice control will continue in accordance with the standards outlined in
this manual.
It is acknowledged that extreme weather conditions may temporarily prevent the Town
from achieving the prescribed levels of service outlined in this document. During these
periods, all available resources will be directed toward maintaining safe and passable
transportation routes, with priority given to arterial roads, emergency access routes,
school zones, and other critical transportation corridors.
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During significant, prolonged, or consecutive winter weather events, operational
priorities may shift from full cleanup and snow removal activities to maintaining passable
road conditions and preserving access throughout the transportation network.
Restoration of roadway widths, snowbank reduction, snow removal operations, and
other recovery activities may be delayed until weather conditions improve and
operational resources become available.
Winter maintenance activities will continue until prescribed service levels are achieved
or until conditions permit recovery operations to proceed safely and effectively.
Winter Operations Priorities During Significant Weather Events
During significant, prolonged, or consecutive winter weather events, operational
priorities may be adjusted to focus available resources on activities that have the
greatest impact on public safety and mobility.
Priority activities may include:
1. Emergency service access routes
2. Arterial and collector roads
3. School zones
4. Designated pedestrian corridors
5. Municipal facilities and critical infrastructure
6. Residential roadways
7. Snow removal and recovery activities
Snow removal, roadway widening, snowbank reduction, and other recovery activities
may be postponed until weather conditions improve.
Procedures
The Public Works Department is committed to adhering to Provincial Standards under the
Highway Traffic Act, R.S.O. 1990 ensuring health, safety, and effective traffic control
during winter maintenance operations.
Roads
The Town is divided into designated beats, which are mapped out in the attached
documents. The primary goal during a storm is to maintain safe and passable
transportation routes. Depending on storm conditions, resources may be redeployed or
plow routes repeated as necessary to maintain safe travel conditions and support
emergency access throughout the municipality.
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Winter control procedures are initiated by the Roads Supervisor, or their designate,
based on current weather and road conditions. Monitoring weather forecasts, patrol
reports, and other relevant information enables preparation and proactive action for
winter control operations.
During and after winter control operations, a daily record of maintenance activities is
maintained. These records are updated daily and retained for a period of seven years.
Record templates are provided in Schedule F.
Sidewalks
Sidewalks are maintained on various road classifications; however, not all sidewalks
within the Town receive winter maintenance services. Sidewalks identified in Schedule
G are serviced according to a priority system similar to roadway winter maintenance
operations. Priority is given to heavily travelled pedestrian routes, including arterial and
collector roads, school and bus routes, public buildings such as hospitals and churches,
and commercial areas.
Sidewalks are plowed when snow accumulation exceeds 5 cm, exceeding the Minimum
Maintenance Standards Regulations. All maintained sidewalks shall be cleared within
48 hours following the end of a snowfall event. The minimum width of maintained
sidewalks is 1 metre. Sanding shall occur on maintained sidewalks within 48 hours of
detecting icy conditions. Once treated, sidewalks will be monitored and maintained as
required to address changing conditions.
No person shall deposit snow or ice from private property onto a roadway or sidewalk.
Violators may be subject to penalties under the Town's Snow By-law 22-062.
In the event of a Significant Weather Event affecting sidewalks, the Town may issue a
declaration through its official communication channels. Such declarations will remain in
effect until conditions have improved and winter maintenance operations can return to
normal service levels.
It is acknowledged that severe or prolonged winter weather events may temporarily
impact the Town's ability to meet the prescribed levels of service outlined in this manual.
During these periods, priority will be given to maintaining safe and passable pedestrian
routes, with emphasis placed on school zones, transit routes, commercial areas, and
access to public facilities. Full restoration of sidewalk conditions may be delayed until
weather conditions improve and operational resources become available.
Winter maintenance operations will continue until prescribed service levels are achieved
or until the best possible conditions have been attained given the prevailing
circumstances.
Municipal Parking Lots
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Municipal parking lots are plowed and sanded concurrently with roadway maintenance
operations. These activities are incorporated into regular maintenance beats and are
not treated as separate tasks. Additional applications of sand and salt may be
undertaken as conditions require and at the discretion of the Roads Supervisor or
Director of Public Works.
The Roads Supervisor is responsible for procuring and managing the storage of winter
maintenance materials. Snow shall be piled in designated areas to minimize impacts on
parking availability and to prevent interference with sidewalks, roadways, entrances,
and pedestrian access routes. Accessible parking spaces, access aisles, and
designated walkways shall remain unobstructed whenever practicable.
Snow removal and hauling may be undertaken as required to maintain safe access,
preserve parking capacity, and support winter maintenance operations.
Locations of all municipal parking lots are identified in Schedule H.
School Zones
School zones are prioritized for snow removal operations, subject to the following limitations:
- Snow removal operations shall not occur within designated school zones during
peak student travel periods, specifically one hour before and one hour after the start
and end of the school day, including the Second Street crosswalk area (Churchill
Drive, Second Street, and Station Road).
- Exceptions may be made in emergency situations or where delaying snow removal
would create a significant safety risk for students, pedestrians, motorists, or
emergency services.
Special Areas
School Crossing Guard Locations: Snow removal and sanding at school crossings
are performed at select locations.
Canada Post Community Mailboxes: Snow removal around Canada Post
Community Mailboxes is managed by Canada Post and is not a service provided by
the Town of Kirkland Lake.
Variable Weather Conditions
During extreme snow and ice events, additional personnel, contractors, and equipment
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may be deployed to support winter maintenance operations. In cases of prolonged
snowfall, freezing rain, or consecutive storm events, operational efforts may be focused
on maintaining safe and passable conditions on primary transportation routes, school
zones, emergency service access routes, and other critical municipal infrastructure.
Snow and ice control operations will be conducted only when weather conditions permit
the safe operation of equipment and personnel. Factors such as severe cold, strong
winds, reduced visibility, freezing rain, and rapid snow or ice accumulation may impact
operational effectiveness or delay certain winter maintenance activities.
Staff will utilize weather monitoring, patrol observations, and forecast information to
anticipate and proactively respond to winter weather events in accordance with the
Minimum Maintenance Standards Regulations. Operational priorities and resource
deployment may be adjusted as conditions change to maintain safe and passable
transportation routes throughout the municipality.
Winter Preparation
Sand Boxes
Sand boxes are strategically placed throughout the Town in late fall to aid in snow and
ice control on both public and private properties. Staff regularly inspect the sand levels in
these boxes and remove them in the spring. The locations of sand boxes are detailed in
Schedule I.
Responsibilities of Residents
Effective winter maintenance relies on cooperation between the Town and its residents.
Throughout the winter season, the Town will communicate information regarding winter
maintenance activities, Significant Weather Events, snow removal operations, parking
restrictions, and other operational updates through its official communication channels.
Residents are encouraged to stay informed and take appropriate actions to support
winter maintenance activities and public safety.
Snowplow Safety
To ensure safety around snowplows, residents should observe the following guidelines:
Keep a Safe Distance:
Maintain at least a 30-metre distance from working
snowplows. If you cannot see the snowplow's mirrors, the operator likely cannot see
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you. Snowplows travel slowly and may have equipment extending beyond the
vehicle's width.
Avoid Passing: Do not drive beside snowplows, as they may shift while clearing
snow. Passing between snowplows working in tandem on multi-lane roads is
especially dangerous.
Move Aside: If approaching a snowplow from the opposite direction, move to the
right when conditions permit to provide adequate space for the snowplow to operate
safely.
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Watch for Visibility Issues: Snowplows can create a cloud of snow that severely
limits visibility, making passing risky.
Be Cautious in All Conditions: Snowplows may continue clearing shoulders and
cutting back snowbanks even on sunny days after a storm.
Garbage and Recycling Bins
Proper placement of garbage and recycling bins is important during winter months to
support safe and efficient snow clearing operations. Residents are encouraged to place
their bins as close to the roadway as possible, preferably within their driveway. Where a
driveway is not available, bins may be placed on a cleared section of the boulevard, with
the property owner responsible for maintaining access.
Bins should not be placed within the travelled portion of the roadway and should be
removed promptly following collection to facilitate winter maintenance operations and
snow clearing activities.
For questions regarding bin placement, residents are encouraged to contact the Waste
Management Division at 705-567-9365.
Managing Complaints and Requests for Services
The Public Works Department receives numerous inquiries, complaints, and service
requests during snow and ice control operations. Administrative staff will be kept
informed of winter maintenance activities, anticipated schedules, service interruptions,
and equipment breakdowns to assist in responding to public inquiries.
Citizen inquiries and concerns will be recorded and managed through the Town's
activity request tracking system. Requests will be categorized and addressed as
follows:
Safety Issues: Immediate action will be taken where warranted, and concerns will be
forwarded to the Roads Supervisor for review.
Non-Safety-Related Issues: These requests will be directed to the appropriate
personnel and addressed in a timely manner, subject to operational priorities and
available resources.
Property Damage: Reports of property damage will be documented and forwarded to
the Roads Supervisor for investigation and follow-up.
Activity requests will be tracked to help identify trends, monitor service levels, and
ensure timely and effective responses. While all requests and concerns will be
20
2024-2025 Winter Maintenance Manual
September 2026
reviewed, winter maintenance operations will continue to be guided by established
service
levels,
operational
priorities,
weather
conditions,
and
public
safety
considerations.
Any additional requests for plow beats or changes to service levels must be approved
by Council.
21
2024-2025 Winter Maintenance Manual
September 2026
Repairing Property Damage
Winter maintenance activities may occasionally cause property damage, particularly to
improvements in the road right-of-way. The Town is responsible for repairing damage to
roadways and grass boulevards. Property owners are responsible for repairs to
landscaping, trees, shrubs, and other features beyond the property line.
Sod damaged by snowplows will be replaced if reported to the Roads Division by June
1st following the winter season. Damage from sand, salt, or other de-icing chemicals is
not covered.
By-Law Enforcement
The Town's By-Law Enforcement Division will patrol streets and enforce Winter Parking
and Snow By-Laws, detailed in Schedules K and L.
Parking By-Law: Residents must avoid parking on boulevards and sidewalks to allow
for effective snow removal.
Winter Parking By-Law: On-street winter parking restrictions are in effect from
November 1st to April 15th. Vehicles parked during snow removal operations may be
ticketed or towed at the owner's expense.
Depositing of Snow or Ice Regulations By-Law: Residents are responsible for
removing snow from their own properties and cannot move snow onto other properties
or municipal areas. Non-compliance will result in written warnings and, if repeated,
fines and possible towing.
Violations of these By-laws may result in fines under the Provincial Offences Act, R.S.O.
1990.
Understanding Levels of Services
The Town's Winter Maintenance Manual establishes service levels based on provincial
legislation, roadway classifications, operational capacity, and local needs.
The Town strives to provide winter maintenance services that meet or exceed
regulatory requirements; however, it is important to recognize that:
- Not all roads and sidewalks can be serviced simultaneously.
- Winter weather conditions can change rapidly.
- Significant weather events may temporarily impact service levels.
- Maintaining safe and passable routes does not always mean bare pavement
conditions.
- Snowbanks at driveway entrances are an unavoidable consequence of
22
2024-2025 Winter Maintenance Manual
September 2026
snowplowing operations.
- Recovery activities such as snow removal and roadway widening may occur after
the initial storm response.
23
2024-2025 Winter Maintenance Manual
September 2026
Frequently Asked Questions
Why hasn't my residential street been plowed yet?
During a snowfall, the Town prioritizes clearing main arterial and collector roads first, in
accordance with established service levels and Minimum Maintenance Standards. As a
result, plows may not immediately reach local residential or lower-volume roads.
The Town generally deploys snow clearing operations when snow accumulation
reaches approximately 5 cm. Residential streets are typically addressed after priority
routes have been restored to a safe and passable condition and are generally
completed within 24 hours after snowfall has ended.
How long will it take to clear the snow off my street?
The time required to clear a street depends on several factors, including the amount of
snowfall, wind conditions, traffic volumes, parked vehicles, equipment availability, and
whether additional snowfall occurs during operations.
Priority routes such as arterial roads, collector roads, school zones, and emergency
access routes are addressed first. Residential streets are generally completed within 24
hours after snowfall has ended; however, severe storms, consecutive weather events,
or significant weather events may result in longer response times.
How long will it take to clear the sidewalks?
Maintained sidewalks are generally cleared within 48 hours following the end of a
snowfall event. Priority pedestrian routes, school zones, public facilities, and heavily
travelled sidewalks are serviced first.
During prolonged snow events, freezing rain, or significant weather events, crews may
focus on maintaining safe and passable pedestrian routes before undertaking full
cleanup operations.
Why does the snowplow end up blocking my driveway with snow?
Snowplows clear streets from the centerline toward the curb. As a result, snow is
pushed into the boulevard area and may accumulate across private driveways.
Unfortunately, this is an unavoidable part of snow clearing operations. The boulevard
area is designed to accommodate snow storage from the roadway, and there is no
24
2024-2025 Winter Maintenance Manual
September 2026
practical way to clear a public roadway without affecting driveway entrances.
Can the Town clear the snowbank in front of my driveway?
The Town is responsible for maintaining public roadways and sidewalks. The Town
does not have the resources to remove snowbanks located at private driveway
entrances.
Snowbanks that form at the end of driveways are a normal by-product of roadway
plowing operations. Removing these snowbanks from every private driveway would
significantly impact winter maintenance resources and service levels.
Residents requiring assistance with snowbank removal are encouraged to contact a
private snow removal contractor.
Why is my road still snow-covered after the snowplow has been through?
Many municipal roads, particularly lower-volume residential streets, are maintained with
a compacted snow surface during winter months.
Winter maintenance activities such as plowing, sanding, salting, and grading are
intended to maintain safe and passable driving conditions rather than bare pavement at
all times. Road conditions may vary depending on weather conditions, temperatures,
traffic volumes, and available resources.
Why doesn't the Town clear roads down to bare pavement?
The Town's winter maintenance program is designed to meet or exceed the Minimum
Maintenance Standards for Municipal Highways while balancing service levels,
operational capacity, and financial responsibility.
Maintaining bare pavement at all times would require significantly greater staffing,
equipment, materials, and funding. The Town's objective is to maintain safe and
passable transportation routes throughout the winter season.
Why are some roads plowed before others?
Roads are maintained according to a priority system based on roadway classification,
traffic volumes, emergency access requirements, school zones, and community needs.
25
2024-2025 Winter Maintenance Manual
September 2026
Priority routes are serviced first to ensure emergency services, school transportation,
public transit, and essential travel can continue safely during winter weather events.
Why does the snowplow come down my street more than once during the same
snowfall?
Winter maintenance is an ongoing process during active weather events.
The first pass may be intended to keep the roadway open and passable, while
subsequent passes improve roadway conditions as snow continues to accumulate.
Additional plowing, sanding, salting, grading, or snow removal may be required as
conditions change.
Why are snowplows and sanders operating in the middle of the night?
To ensure roads are safe and passable for morning traffic, winter maintenance activities
may take place overnight.
Working during overnight hours also reduces conflicts with traffic and parked vehicles,
allowing crews to operate more efficiently and safely.
Why are snowplows and sanders out when it is not snowing?
Town crews may perform winter maintenance activities in anticipation of changing
weather conditions.
Roads may be treated prior to forecasted snow, freezing rain, or rapid temperature
changes. Particular attention is often given to hills, curves, intersections, bridges, and
other locations susceptible to ice formation.
Why has snow removal not started on my street yet?
Snow removal (lifting and hauling snow) is different from snowplowing.
Snowplowing keeps roads open and passable during and immediately after storms.
Snow removal is typically undertaken when snowbanks begin to affect roadway width,
visibility, pedestrian safety, parking availability, or snow storage capacity.
Snow removal operations are prioritized throughout the winter season based on
operational needs and available resources.
26
2024-2025 Winter Maintenance Manual
September 2026
Why do roads seem narrower later in the winter?
Repeated snowfall events cause snowbanks to gradually increase in size throughout the
winter season.
Roadway width may become reduced until snow removal operations are undertaken.
The Town monitors roadway width, visibility, pedestrian activity, parking requirements,
and snow storage capacity when determining snow removal priorities.
What about the high snowbanks along my street?
The Town will address high snowbanks when they create visibility concerns, reduce
roadway width, affect pedestrian safety, interfere with parking, or create snow storage
issues.
Snowbank removal is prioritized based on public safety considerations, operational
needs, and available resources.
Why doesn't the Town clear snowbanks at every intersection?
Snowbank removal is prioritized at locations where visibility concerns create a safety
issue for motorists, pedestrians, school zones, or emergency access routes.
Due to the large number of intersections throughout the municipality, snowbank removal
must be prioritized based on operational needs and available resources.
Why are road graders used when snowplows have already cleared the road?
Road graders are used to manage the compacted snowpack that develops throughout
the winter season.
Grading helps improve traction, reduce rutting, maintain roadway conditions, and
prevent the snowpack from becoming excessively compacted. In some cases, grading
can reduce the need for more intensive corrective measures such as scarifying.
What happens during a Significant Weather Event?
A Significant Weather Event may be declared when weather conditions are severe
27
2024-2025 Winter Maintenance Manual
September 2026
enough that the Town may be temporarily unable to achieve prescribed service levels.
During these events, winter maintenance operations focus on maintaining safe and
passable transportation routes and preserving access for emergency services. Once
conditions improve, recovery operations will continue until normal service levels are
restored.
Who can I call if my street hasn't been plowed?
Residents on local roads are encouraged to allow up to 24 hours following the end of a
snowfall event before reporting concerns regarding snowplowing.
Depending on storm severity, multiple snowfalls, equipment availability, and operational
priorities, response times may vary. Residents may contact the Public Works
Department if they have concerns regarding winter maintenance service levels.
Why doesn't the Town immediately respond to every winter maintenance
complaint?
All complaints and service requests are reviewed and recorded by the Public Works
Department.
While every concern is important, winter maintenance operations are guided by
established service levels, roadway priorities, weather conditions, operational
requirements, and public safety considerations. Operational decisions are made based
on the needs of the overall transportation network rather than individual requests.
Schedules
Schedule A - Classification of Roads
Schedule B - Snow Plowing & Grader Beats
Schedule C - Salting Routes
Schedule D - Sanding Routes
Schedule E - Snow Pulls
Schedule F - Daily Recordings Templates
Schedule G - Maintained Sidewalks
Schedule H - Location of Municipal Parking Lots
Schedule I - Location of Sand Boxes
Schedule J - O. Reg. 239/02 - Minimum Maintenance Standards for Municipal Highways
Schedule K - "Winter Parking" By-Law (amending Parking By-Law 15-017
Schedule L - Depositing of Snow or Ice Regulations By-Law
9
2025-2026 Winter Maintenance Manual
December 2025
Schedule A
Classification of Roads
Roads Division
m
To Goodfish Lake
& Nettie Lake
Road Classifications ±
To Landfill & McTavish
Brant
H
Pumphouse
Goodfish & Nettie
ilt
W
o
il
W ishman
n
s
F
o
de
m
o
D
n
Fe
ral
s
I
a
n
s
rv
y
G rierso
e
i n
t re
e
e
n
t
uir
At i
Bu
Pi
s
sm
k
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d
ing
rd
ns
s
n t
re
e
i
e
cl
a
l
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H
d
m
i
w
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ern
H
T
G o v
ippissi n g
N
t
n
Airpor
io
a t
Be
Goodfish
St
ves
F irst
rn
re a
er
ha
Ai
w
arg
To
rd
rp
t H
t
or
h
i g
nd
t
W r
o
D
Sec
rd
un
i
f
Th
Al
i e
ter
D
l e
l
0
1,000
Wa
d
u
M
es
rt h
n
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la d
c
n
Pro
n
u
a
F o
Kirk
s
Highway 66 & Swastika
p
n
T
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c
C
c
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F ifth
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M
k
at
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C
Ca mus
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Churchill
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G
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'
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on
m
g
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a
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rk
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ls
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Po
m
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plar
W
R o wa n
ll
r
Po
Ba
rn
pe
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rt
v
h r
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M
G
o ldt
W
r
o
a
n
a
G
n
y e
i
d
e
King
Q u e
C
n
s
In
mi er
Que
C
Pre
Rand
en
om
nd
f
Ra
6
o
rl
6
rt
y
l
Ea
a
ai
Birch
w
a
R
r
Ath eni
i
t
v
h
s
e
i g
u
H
d
Peck
rsi
n
d
I
Legend
e
a
Lakes
ki
s
t
y
r
s
h e
a
a
Sw
H
Arc
Parcels
0
500
Meters
Railway
Roads
Class 3 Corridor
n t
m e
rn
Class 4 Corridor
e
o v
G
Class 5 Corridor
Prepared by: The Department of Physical Services
To Swastika
Metres
Revised: November 21, 2017
m
v ia Highway 66
0
250 500 750 1,000
MTO Maintained
10
2025-2026 Winter Maintenance Manual
December 2025
Schedule B
Snow Plowing and Grader Beats
Archer
M
ain
Goodfish
Duncan
Allen
Pollock
Taylor
Poplar
W
oods
First
Fifth
Prospect
Lebel
Park
Tower
Third
King
Station
Rand
Federal
W
ater
Dixon
Harding
Prem
ier
Balsam
Day
Highway66
Fourth
Dunfield
Second
M
cCam
us
Governm
ent
Carter
Brant
Earl
W
ilson
Tweedsm
uir
Grierson
M
cKelvie
Burnside
Com
fort
Goldthorpe
Queen
Hillcrest
Churchill
Inn
George
Foss
Chaput
Prince
Dark
Kirkpatrick
O'M
eara
Algonquin
Birch
Callbeck
Hilton
Irvine
Hilltop
Governm
ent
Rand
Governm
ent
Queen
Airport
Pinetree
Bernhardt
Airport
Roads Division
W
inter M
aintenance
Plowing Routes ±
0 250 500 7501,000
M
etres
To G
oodfish Lake
& Nettie Lake
m
G
oodfish & Nettie
Prepared by: The Departm
ent of Physical Services
Revised: Novem
ber 30, 2018
m
Hays
Governm
ent
Peck
Swastika
Athenia
Riverside
0
1,000
M
etres
Highw
ay 66 & Sw
astika
0
500
M
eters
To Landfill & M
cTavish
Pum
phouse
Legend
Truck Beat 1
Truck Beat 2
Truck Beat 3
Grader Beat 1
Lakes
Parcels
Railway
To Sw
astika
via Highw
ay 66
m
11
2025-2026 Winter Maintenance Manual
December 2025
Schedule C
Salting Routes
Archer
M
ain
Goodfish
Duncan
Allen
Pollock
Taylor
Poplar
W
oods
First
Fifth
Prospect
Lebel
Park
Tower
Third
King
Station
Rand
Federal
W
ater
Dixon
Harding
Prem
ier
Balsam
Day
Highway66
Fourth
Kirkland
Dunfield
Second
M
cCam
us
Governm
ent
Carter
Brant
Earl
W
ilson
Tweedsm
uir
Grierson
M
cKelvie
Burnside
Com
fort
Goldthorpe
Queen
Hillcrest
Churchill
Inn
George
Foss
Nippissing
W
ishm
an
Chaput
Prince
Dark
M
acPherson
Callbeck
Hilton
Hilltop
Blom
field
Industrial
Governm
ent
Second
Governm
ent
Queen
Airport
Pinetree
Bernhardt
Airport
Roads Division
W
inter M
aintenance
Salting Route ±
0 250 500 7501,000
M
etres
To G
oodfish Lake
& Nettie Lake
m
G
oodfish & Nettie
Prepared by: The Departm
ent of Physical Services
Revised: Novem
ber 30, 2018
m
Hays
Governm
ent
Peck
Swastika
Athenia
Riverside
0
1,000
M
etres
Highw
ay 66 & Sw
astika
0
500
M
eters
To Landfill & M
cTavish
Pum
phouse
Legend
Lakes
Parcels
Railway
Salting Route
To Sw
astika
via Highw
ay 66
m
12
2025-2026 Winter Maintenance Manual
December 2025
Schedule D
Sanding Routes
Archer
M
ain
Goodfish
Duncan
Allen
Pollock
Taylor
Poplar
W
oods
First
Fifth
Lebel
Park
Tower
Third
Station
Rand
W
ater
Dixon
Harding
Prem
ier
Balsam
Day
Highway66
Fourth
Kirkland
Dunfield
Governm
ent
Brant
Earl
W
ilson
Grierson
Burnside
Goldthorpe
Queen
Hillcrest
Churchill
Foss
Nippissing
Chaput
Prince
Callbeck
Hilton
Irvine
Hilltop
Industrial
Governm
ent
Rand
Governm
ent
Airport
Pinetree
Bernhardt
Airport
Roads Division
W
inter M
aintenance
Sanding Route ±
0 250 500 7501,000
M
etres
To G
oodfish Lake
& Nettie Lake
m
G
oodfish & Nettie
Prepared by: The Departm
ent of Physical Services
Revised: Novem
ber 30, 2018
m
Hays
Governm
ent
Peck
Swastika
Athenia
Riverside
0
1,000
M
etres
Highw
ay 66 & Sw
astika
0
500
M
eters
To Landfill & M
cTavish
Pum
phouse
Legend
Sanding
Lakes
Parcels
Railway
To Sw
astika
via Highw
ay 66
m
Regular W
eather Conditions
Archer
M
ain
Goodfish
Duncan
Allen
Pollock
Taylor
Poplar
W
oods
First
Fifth
Lebel
Park
Tower
Third
Station
Rand
W
ater
Dixon
Harding
Prem
ier
Balsam
Day
Highway66
Fourth
Kirkland
Dunfield
Governm
ent
Brant
Earl
W
ilson
Grierson
Burnside
Goldthorpe
Queen
Hillcrest
Churchill
Foss
Nippissing
Chaput
Prince
Callbeck
Hilton
Irvine
Hilltop
Industrial
Governm
ent
Rand
Governm
ent
Airport
Pinetree
Bernhardt
Airport
Roads Division
W
inter M
aintenance
Sanding Route ±
0 250 500 7501,000
M
etres
To G
oodfish Lake
& Nettie Lake
m
G
oodfish & Nettie
Prepared by: The Departm
ent of Physical Services
Revised: Novem
ber 30, 2018
m
Hays
Governm
ent
Peck
Swastika
Athenia
Riverside
0
1,000
M
etres
Highw
ay 66 & Sw
astika
0
500
M
eters
To Landfill & M
cTavish
Pum
phouse
Legend
Sanding
Lakes
Parcels
Railway
To Sw
astika
via Highw
ay 66
m
Adverse W
eather Conditions
13
2025-2026 Winter Maintenance Manual
December 2025
Schedule E
Snow Pulls
Archer
M
ain
Goodfish
Duncan
Allen
Pollock
Taylor
Poplar
W
oods
First
Fifth
Prospect
Lebel
Park
Tower
Third
King
Station
Rand
Federal
W
ater
Dixon
Harding
Prem
ier
Balsam
Day
Highway66
Fourth
Kirkland
Dunfield
Second
M
cCam
us
Governm
ent
Carter
Brant
Earl
W
ilson
Tweedsm
uir
Grierson
M
cKelvie
Burnside
Com
fort
Goldthorpe
Queen
Hillcrest
Churchill
Inn
George
Foss
Chaput
Prince
Dark
O'M
eara
Algonquin
Birch
Callbeck
Hilton
Irvine
Hilltop
Industrial
Second
Governm
ent
Rand
Governm
ent
Queen
Airport
Pinetree
Bernhardt
Airport
Roads Division
W
inter M
aintenance
Snow Rem
oval ±
0 250 500 7501,000
M
etres
To G
oodfish Lake
& Nettie Lake
m
G
oodfish & Nettie
Prepared by: The Departm
ent of Physical Services
Revised: Novem
ber 30, 2018
m
Hays
Governm
ent
Peck
Swastika
Athenia
Riverside
0
1,000
M
etres
Highw
ay 66 & Sw
astika
0
500
M
eters
To Landfill & M
cTavish
Pum
phouse
Legend
Lakes
Parcels
Railway
Snow Rem
oval
Pull Area 1
Pull Area 2
Pull Area 3
To Sw
astika
via Highw
ay 66
m
14
2025-2026 Winter Maintenance Manual
December 2025
Schedule F
Daily Recording Templates
TOWN OF KIRKLAND LAKE WINTER MAINTENANCE
MANUAL DATA RECORDING
Date:
Start time:
End time:
Activity:
Plow
Truck
Beat 1
Beat 2
Beat 3
Grader
Beat 1
Loader
T251
T258
Backhoe
T257
T256
Trackless
T261
T260
Sand/Salt
Truck
Beat 1
Beat 2
Trackless
T261
T260
Snow Removal
Truck
Beat 1
Beat 2
Beat 3
Loader
T251
T258
Backhoe
T257
T256
Trackless
T261
T260
Scarify
Grader
Loader
T251
T258
Backhoe
T257
T256
Other: _________________________________________________________________________________
***Areas completed shall be highlighted on accompanying map
WEATHER
Weather data shall be attached to
report, 3 times daily.
Additional notes to be recorded
below:
15
2025-2026 Winter Maintenance Manual
December 2025
Schedule G
Maintained Sidewalks
Archer
Main
Goodfish
Duncan
Taylor
Pollock
Allen
Poplar
Woods
First
Fifth
-
Prospect
Lebel
Park
Tower
Third
King
Station
Rand
Federal
Water
Dixon
Harding
Premier
Highway 66
Balsam
Fourth
Kirkland
Dunfield
Second
McCamus
Government
Day
Carter
Earl
Tweedsmuir
Wilson
Grierson
McKelvie
Burnside
Comfort
Goldthorpe
Young
Queen
Nipissing
Hillcrest
Churchill
Inn
George
Foss
Chaput
Prince
O'Meara
Algonquin
Birch
Brant
Beaver
Lakeshore
Callbeck
Chateau
Conroy
Irvine
McChesney
Hilltop
Industrial
Kirk
Second
Rand
Government
Lebel
Park
Government
Queen
Airport
Pinetree
Bernhardt
Airport
Roads Division
Winter Maintenance
Sidewalk Snow
Removal
0
250 500 750 1,000
Metres
To Goodfish Lake
& Nettie Lake
m
Goodfish & Nettie
Prepared by: The Department of Physical Services
Revised: June 27, 2022
m
66
Government
Peck
Swastika
Athenia
Riverside
0
1,000
Metres
Highway 66 & Swastika
0
500
Meters
To Landfill & McTavish
Pumphouse
Legend
Lakes
Parcels
Railway
Sidewalk
Priority Level 1
Priority Level 2
Priority Level 3
To Swastika
via Highway 66
m
16
2025-2026 Winter Maintenance Manual
December 2025
Schedule H
Location of Municipal Parking Lots
Archer
Main
Goodfish
Duncan
Taylor
Pollock
Allen
Poplar
Woods
First
Fifth
-
Prospect
Lebel
Park
Tower
Third
King
Station
Rand
Federal
Water
Dixon
Harding
Premier
Highway 66
Balsam
Fourth
Kirkland
Dunfield
Second
McCamus
Government
Day
Carter
Earl
Tweedsmuir
Wilson
Grierson
McKelvie
Burnside
Comfort
Goldthorpe
Queen
Nipissing
Hillcrest
Churchill
Inn
George
Foss
Chaput
Prince
O'Meara
Algonquin
Birch
Brant
Beaver
Lakeshore
Callbeck
Conroy
Irvine
Oakes
McChesney
Wright Hargreaves
Hilltop
Industrial
Kirk
Rand
Government
Lebel
Park
Government
Queen
Airport
Pinetree
Bernhardt
Airport
Roads Division
Winter Maintenance
Municipal Parking Lots
0
250 500 750 1,000
Metres
To Goodfish Lake
& Nettie Lake
m
Goodfish & Nettie
Prepared by: The Department of Physical Services
Revised: June 27, 2022
m
66
Government
Peck
Swastika
Athenia
Riverside
0
1,000
Metres
Highway 66 & Swastika
0
500
Meters
To Landfill & McTavish
Pumphouse
Legend
Lakes
Parcels
Railway
Parking Lots
To Swastika
via Highway 66
m
17
2025-2026 Winter Maintenance Manual
December 2025
Schedule I
Location of Sandboxes
Archer
M
ain
Goodfish
Duncan
Allen
Pollock
Taylor
Poplar
W
oods
First
Fifth
Prospect
Lebel
Park
Tower
Third
King
Rand
Federal
W
ater
Dixon
Harding
Prem
ier
Balsam
Day
Highway66
Dunfield
Governm
ent
Carter
Brant
Earl
W
ilson
Tweedsm
uir
Grierson
Burnside
Com
fort
Goldthorpe
Queen
Hillcrest
Churchill
Foss
Chaput
Furlong
Birch
Beaver
Irvine
Oakes
Hilltop
Kirk
Governm
ent
Governm
ent
Queen
Airport
Pinetree
Bernhardt
Airport
Roads Division
W
inter M
aintenance
Sandbox Locations ±
0 250 500 7501,000
M
etres
To G
oodfish Lake
& Nettie Lake
m
G
oodfish & Nettie
Prepared by: The Departm
ent of Physical Services
Revised: Novem
ver 20, 2018
m
Governm
ent
0
1,000
M
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Highw
ay 66 & Sw
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18
2025-2026 Winter Maintenance Manual
December 2025
Schedule J
Minimum Maintenance Standards for Municipal Highways (Roadways)
Municipal Act, 2001
Loi de 2001 sur les municipalités
ONTARIO REGULATION 239/02
MINIMUM MAINTENANCE STANDARDS FOR MUNICIPAL HIGHWAYS
Consolidation Period: From May 3, 2018 to the e-Laws currency date.
Last amendment: 366/18.
Legislative History: 288/03, 613/06, 23/10, 47/13, 366/18.
This Regulation is made in English only.
Definitions
1. (1) In this Regulation,
"bicycle facility" means the on-road and in-boulevard cycling facilities listed in Book 18 of the Ontario Traffic Manual;
"bicycle lane" means,
(a) a portion of a roadway that has been designated by pavement markings or signage for the preferential or exclusive use
of cyclists, or
(b) a portion of a roadway that has been designated for the exclusive use of cyclists by signage and a physical or marked
buffer;
"cm" means centimetres;
"day" means a 24-hour period;
"encroachment" means anything that is placed, installed, constructed or planted within the highway that was not placed,
installed, constructed or planted by the municipality;
"ice" means all kinds of ice, however formed;
"motor vehicle" has the same meaning as in subsection 1 (1) of the Highway Traffic Act, except that it does not include a
motor assisted bicycle;
"non-paved surface" means a surface that is not a paved surface;
"Ontario Traffic Manual" means the Ontario Traffic Manual published by the Ministry of Transportation, as amended from
time to time;
"paved surface" means a surface with a wearing layer or layers of asphalt, concrete or asphalt emulsion;
"pothole" means a hole in the surface of a roadway caused by any means, including wear or subsidence of the road surface or
subsurface;
"roadway" has the same meaning as in subsection 1 (1) of the Highway Traffic Act;
"shoulder" means the portion of a highway that provides lateral support to the roadway and that may accommodate stopped
motor vehicles and emergency use;
"sidewalk" means the part of the highway specifically set aside or commonly understood to be for pedestrian use, typically
consisting of a paved surface but does not include crosswalks, medians, boulevards, shoulders or any part of the sidewalk
where cleared snow has been deposited;
"significant weather event" means an approaching or occurring weather hazard with the potential to pose a significant danger
to users of the highways within a municipality;
"snow accumulation" means the natural accumulation of any of the following that, alone or together, covers more than half a
lane width of a roadway:
1. Newly-fallen snow.
2. Wind-blown snow.
3. Slush;
"substantial probability" means a significant likelihood considerably in excess of 51 per cent;
1
"surface" means the top of a sidewalk, roadway or shoulder;
"utility" includes any air, gas, water, electricity, cable, fiber-optic, telecommunication or traffic control system or subsystem,
fire hydrants, sanitary sewers, storm sewers, property bars and survey monuments;
"utility appurtenance" includes maintenance holes and hole covers, water shut-off covers and boxes, valves, fittings, vaults,
braces, pipes, pedestals, and any other structures or items that form part of or are an accessory part of any utility;
"weather" means air temperature, wind and precipitation.
"weather hazard" means the weather hazards determined by Environment Canada as meeting the criteria for the issuance of
an alert under its Public Weather Alerting Program. O. Reg. 239/02, s. 1 (1); O. Reg. 23/10, s. 1 (1); O. Reg. 47/13, s. 1;
O. Reg. 366/18, s. 1 (1, 2).
(2) For the purposes of this Regulation, every highway or part of a highway under the jurisdiction of a municipality in
Ontario is classified in the Table to this section as a Class 1, Class 2, Class 3, Class 4, Class 5 or Class 6 highway, based on
the speed limit applicable to it and the average daily traffic on it. O. Reg. 239/02, s. 1 (2); O. Reg. 366/18, s. 1 (3).
(3) For the purposes of subsection (2) and the Table to this section, the average daily traffic on a highway or part of a
highway under municipal jurisdiction shall be determined,
(a) by counting and averaging the daily two-way traffic on the highway or part of the highway; or
(b) by estimating the average daily two-way traffic on the highway or part of the highway. O. Reg. 239/02, s. 1 (3);
O. Reg. 23/10, s. 1 (2); O. Reg. 366/18, s. 1 (3).
(4) For the purposes of this Regulation, unless otherwise indicated in a provision of this Regulation, a municipality is
deemed to be aware of a fact if, in the absence of actual knowledge of the fact, circumstances are such that the municipality
ought reasonably to be aware of the fact. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 1 (4).
TABLE
CLASSIFICATION OF HIGHWAYS
Column 1
Average Daily Traffic (number
of motor vehicles)
Column 2
91 - 100 km/h
speed limit
Column 3
81 - 90 km/h
speed limit
Column 4
71 - 80 km/h
speed limit
Column 5
61 - 70 km/h
speed limit
Column 6
51 - 60
km/h speed
limit
Column 7
41 - 50 km/h
speed limit
Column 8
1 - 40 km/h
speed limit
53,000 or more
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
23,000 - 52,999
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
15,000 - 22,999
1
1
2
2
2
3
3
12,000 - 14,999
1
1
2
2
2
3
3
10,000 - 11,999
1
1
2
2
3
3
3
8,000 - 9,999
1
1
2
3
3
3
3
6,000 - 7,999
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5,000 - 5,999
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
4,000 - 4,999
1
2
3
3
3
4
4
3,000 - 3,999
1
2
3
3
3
4
4
2,000 - 2,999
1
2
3
3
4
5
5
1,000 - 1,999
1
3
3
3
4
5
5
500 - 999
1
3
4
4
4
5
5
200 - 499
1
3
4
4
5
5
6
50 - 199
1
3
4
5
5
6
6
0 - 49
1
3
6
6
6
6
6
O. Reg. 366/18, s. 1 (5).
Application
2. (1) This Regulation sets out the minimum standards of repair for highways under municipal jurisdiction for the purpose
of clause 44 (3) (c) of the Act. O. Reg. 288/03, s. 1.
(2) REVOKED: O. Reg. 23/10, s. 2.
(3) This Regulation does not apply to Class 6 highways. O. Reg. 239/02, s. 2 (3).
Purpose
2.1 The purpose of this Regulation is to clarify the scope of the statutory defence available to a municipality under clause
44 (3) (c) of the Act by establishing maintenance standards which are non-prescriptive as to the methods or materials to be
used in complying with the standards but instead describe a desired outcome. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 2.
MAINTENANCE STANDARDS
Patrolling
2
3. (1) The standard for the frequency of patrolling of highways to check for conditions described in this Regulation is set
out in the Table to this section. O. Reg. 23/10, s. 3 (1); O. Reg. 366/18, s. 3 (2).
(2) If it is determined by the municipality that the weather monitoring referred to in section 3.1 indicates that there is a
substantial probability of snow accumulation on roadways, ice formation on roadways or icy roadways, the standard for
patrolling highways is, in addition to that set out in subsection (1), to patrol highways that the municipality selects as
representative of its highways, at intervals deemed necessary by the municipality, to check for such conditions. O. Reg.
47/13, s. 2; O. Reg. 366/18, s. 3 (2).
(3) Patrolling a highway consists of observing the highway, either by driving on or by electronically monitoring the
highway, and may be performed by persons responsible for patrolling highways or by persons responsible for or performing
highway maintenance activities. O. Reg. 23/10, s. 3 (1).
(4) This section does not apply in respect of the conditions described in section 10, subsections 11 (0.1) and 12 (1) and
section 16.1, 16.2, 16.3 or 16.4. O. Reg. 23/10, s. 3 (1); O. Reg. 366/18, s. 3 (3).
TABLE
PATROLLING FREQUENCY
Class of Highway
Patrolling Frequency
1
3 times every 7 days
2
2 times every 7 days
3
once every 7 days
4
once every 14 days
5
once every 30 days
O. Reg. 239/02, s. 3, Table; O. Reg. 23/10, s. 3 (2).
Weather monitoring
3.1 (1) From October 1 to April 30, the standard is to monitor the weather, both current and forecast to occur in the next
24 hours, once every shift or three times per calendar day, whichever is more frequent, at intervals determined by the
municipality. O. Reg. 47/13, s. 3; O. Reg. 366/18, s. 4.
(2) From May 1 to September 30, the standard is to monitor the weather, both current and forecast to occur in the next 24
hours, once per calendar day. O. Reg. 47/13, s. 3; O. Reg. 366/18, s. 4.
Snow accumulation, roadways
4. (1) Subject to section 4.1, the standard for addressing snow accumulation on roadways is,
(a) after becoming aware of the fact that the snow accumulation on a roadway is greater than the depth set out in the Table
to this section, to deploy resources as soon as practicable to address the snow accumulation; and
(b) after the snow accumulation has ended, to address the snow accumulation so as to reduce the snow to a depth less than
or equal to the depth set out in the Table within the time set out in the Table,
(i) to provide a minimum lane width of the lesser of three metres for each lane or the actual lane width, or
(ii) on a Class 4 or Class 5 highway with two lanes, to provide a total width of at least five metres. O. Reg. 47/13,
s. 4; O. Reg. 366/18, s. 5 (1).
(2) If the depth of snow accumulation on a roadway is less than or equal to the depth set out in the Table to this section,
the roadway is deemed to be in a state of repair with respect to snow accumulation. O. Reg. 47/13, s. 4.
(3) For the purposes of this section, the depth of snow accumulation on a roadway and, if applicable, lane width under
clause (1) (b), may be determined in accordance with subsection (4) by a municipal employee, agent or contractor, whose
duties or responsibilities include one or more of the following:
1. Patrolling highways.
2. Performing highway maintenance activities.
3. Supervising staff who perform activities described in paragraph 1 or 2. O. Reg. 47/13, s. 4; O. Reg. 366/18, s. 5 (2).
(4) The depth of snow accumulation on a roadway and lane width may be determined by,
(a) performing an actual measurement;
(b) monitoring the weather; or
(c) performing a visual estimate. O. Reg. 47/13, s. 4; O. Reg. 366/18, s. 5 (3).
(5) For the purposes of this section, addressing snow accumulation on a roadway includes,
(a) plowing the roadway;
3
(b) salting the roadway;
(c) applying abrasive materials to the roadway;
(d) applying other chemical or organic agents to the roadway;
(e) any combination of the methods described in clauses (a) to (d). O. Reg. 366/18, s. 5 (4).
(6) This section does not apply to that portion of the roadway,
(a) designated for parking;
(b) consisting of a bicycle lane or other bicycle facility; or
(d) used by a municipality for snow storage. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 5 (4).
TABLE
SNOW ACCUMULATION - ROADWAYS
Class of Highway Depth
Time
1
2.5 cm
4 hours
2
5 cm
6 hours
3
8 cm
12 hours
4
8 cm
16 hours
5
10 cm
24 hours
O. Reg. 47/13, s. 4; O. Reg. 366/18, s. 5 (5).
Snow accumulation on roadways, significant weather event
4.1 (1) If a municipality declares a significant weather event relating to snow accumulation, the standard for addressing
snow accumulation on roadways until the declaration of the end of the significant weather event is,
(a) to monitor the weather in accordance with section 3.1; and
(b) if deemed practicable by the municipality, to deploy resources to address snow accumulation on roadways, starting
from the time that the municipality deems appropriate to do so. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 7.
(2) If the municipality complies with subsection (1), all roadways within the municipality are deemed to be in a state of
repair with respect to snow accumulation until the applicable time in the Table to section 4 expires following the declaration
of the end of the significant weather event by the municipality. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 7.
(3) Following the end of the weather hazard in respect of which a significant weather event was declared by a municipality
under subsection (1), the municipality shall,
(a) declare the end of the significant weather event when the municipality determines it is appropriate to do so; and
(b) address snow accumulation on roadways in accordance with section 4. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 7.
Snow accumulation, bicycle lanes
4.2 (1) Subject to section 4.3, the standard for addressing snow accumulation on bicycle lanes is,
(a) after becoming aware of the fact that the snow accumulation on a bicycle lane is greater than the depth set out in the
Table to this section, to deploy resources as soon as practicable to address the snow accumulation; and
(b) after the snow accumulation has ended, to address the snow accumulation so as to reduce the snow to a depth less than
or equal to the depth set out in the Table to this section to provide a minimum bicycle lane width of the lesser of 1
metre or the actual bicycle lane width. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 7.
(2) If the depth of snow accumulation on a bicycle lane is less than or equal to the depth set out in the Table to this section,
the bicycle lane is deemed to be in a state of repair in respect of snow accumulation. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 7.
(3) For the purposes of this section, the depth of snow accumulation on a bicycle lane and, if applicable, lane width under
clause (1) (b), may be determined in the same manner as set out in subsection 4 (4) and by the persons mentioned in
subsection 4 (3), with necessary modifications. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 7.
(4) For the purposes of this section, addressing snow accumulation on a bicycle lane includes,
(a) plowing the bicycle lane;
(b) salting the bicycle lane;
(c) applying abrasive materials to the bicycle lane;
(d) applying other chemical or organic agents to the bicycle lane;
(e) sweeping the bicycle lane; or
4
(f) any combination of the methods described in clauses (a) to (e). O. Reg. 366/18, s. 7.
TABLE
SNOW ACCUMULATION - BICYCLE LANES
Column 1
Class of Highway or
Adjacent Highway
Column 2
Depth
Column 3
Time
1
2.5 cm
8 hours
2
5 cm
12 hours
3
8 cm
24 hours
4
8 cm
24 hours
5
10 cm
24 hours
O. Reg. 366/18, s. 7.
Snow accumulation on bicycle lanes, significant weather event
4.3 (1) If a municipality declares a significant weather event relating to snow accumulation, the standard for addressing
snow accumulation on bicycle lanes until the declaration of the end of the significant weather event is,
(a) to monitor the weather in accordance with section 3.1; and
(b) if deemed practicable by the municipality, to deploy resources to address snow accumulation on bicycle lanes, starting
from the time that the municipality deems appropriate to do so. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 7.
(2) If the municipality complies with subsection (1), all bicycle lanes within the municipality are deemed to be in a state of
repair with respect to snow accumulation until the applicable time in the Table to section 4.2 expires following the
declaration of the end of the significant weather event by the municipality. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 7.
(3) Following the end of the weather hazard in respect of which a significant weather event was declared by a municipality
under subsection (1), the municipality shall,
(a) declare the end of the significant weather event when the municipality determines it is appropriate to do so; and
(b) address snow accumulation on bicycle lanes in accordance with section 4.2. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 7.
Ice formation on roadways and icy roadways
5. (1) The standard for the prevention of ice formation on roadways is doing the following in the 24-hour period
preceding an alleged formation of ice on a roadway:
1. Monitor the weather in accordance with section 3.1.
2. Patrol in accordance with section 3.
3. If the municipality determines, as a result of its activities under paragraph 1 or 2, that there is a substantial probability
of ice forming on a roadway, treat the roadway, if practicable, to prevent ice formation within the time set out in Table
1 to this section, starting from the time that the municipality determines is the appropriate time to deploy resources for
that purpose. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 8.
(2) If the municipality meets the standard set out in subsection (1) and, despite such compliance, ice forms on a roadway,
the roadway is deemed to be in a state of repair until the applicable time set out in Table 2 to this section expires after the
municipality becomes aware of the fact that the roadway is icy. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 8.
(3) Subject to section 5.1, the standard for treating icy roadways is to treat the icy roadway within the time set out in Table
2 to this section, and an icy roadway is deemed to be in a state of repair until the applicable time set out in Table 2 to this
section expires after the municipality becomes aware of the fact that a roadway is icy. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 8.
(4) For the purposes of this section, treating a roadway means applying material to the roadway, including but not limited
to, salt, sand or any combination of salt and sand. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 8.
(5) For greater certainty, this section applies in respect of ice formation on bicycle lanes on a roadway, but does not apply
to other types of bicycle facilities. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 8.
TABLE 1
ICE FORMATION PREVENTION
Class of Highway
Time
1
6 hours
2
8 hours
3
16 hours
4
24 hours
5
24 hours
O. Reg. 366/18, s. 8.
5
TABLE 2
TREATMENT OF ICY ROADWAYS
Class of Highway
Time
1
3 hours
2
4 hours
3
8 hours
4
12 hours
5
16 hours
O. Reg. 366/18, s. 8.
Icy roadways, significant weather event
5.1 (1) If a municipality declares a significant weather event relating to ice, the standard for treating icy roadways until
the declaration of the end of the significant weather event is,
(a) to monitor the weather in accordance with section 3.1; and
(b) if deemed practicable by the municipality, to deploy resources to treat icy roadways, starting from the time that the
municipality deems appropriate to do so. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 8.
(2) If the municipality complies with subsection (1), all roadways within the municipality are deemed to be in a state of
repair with respect to any ice which forms or may be present until the applicable time in Table 2 to section 5 expires after the
declaration of the end of the significant weather event by the municipality. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 8.
(3) Following the end of the weather hazard in respect of which a significant weather event was declared by a municipality
under subsection (1), the municipality shall,
(a) declare the end of the significant weather event when the municipality determines it is appropriate to do so; and
(b) treat icy roadways in accordance with section 5. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 8.
Potholes
6. (1) If a pothole exceeds both the surface area and depth set out in Table 1, 2 or 3 to this section, as the case may be, the
standard is to repair the pothole within the time set out in Table 1, 2 or 3, as appropriate, after becoming aware of the fact.
O. Reg. 239/02, s. 6 (1); O. Reg. 366/18, s. 8 (1).
(1.1) For the purposes of this section, the surface area and depth of a pothole may be determined in accordance with
subsections (1.2) and (1.3), as applicable, by a municipal employee, agent or contractor whose duties or responsibilities
include one or more of the following:
1. Patrolling highways.
2. Performing highway maintenance activities.
3. Supervising staff who perform activities described in paragraph 1 or 2. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 8 (2).
(1.2) The depth and surface area of a pothole may be determined by,
(a) performing an actual measurement; or
(b) performing a visual estimate. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 8 (2).
(1.3) For the purposes of this section, the surface area of a pothole does not include any area that is merely depressed and
not yet broken fully through the surface of the roadway. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 8 (2).
(2) A pothole is deemed to be in a state of repair if its surface area or depth is less than or equal to that set out in Table 1, 2
or 3, as appropriate. O. Reg. 239/02, s. 6 (2); O. Reg. 47/13, s. 6.
TABLE 1
POTHOLES ON PAVED SURFACE OF ROADWAY
Class of
Highway
Surface Area
Depth
Time
1
600 cm²
8 cm
4 days
2
800 cm²
8 cm
4 days
3
1000 cm²
8 cm
7 days
4
1000 cm²
8 cm
14 days
5
1000 cm²
8 cm
30 days
O. Reg. 239/02, s. 6, Table 1.
6
TABLE 2
POTHOLES ON NON-PAVED SURFACE OF ROADWAY
Class of
Highway
Surface Area
Depth
Time
3
1500 cm²
8 cm
7 days
4
1500 cm²
10 cm
14 days
5
1500 cm²
12 cm
30 days
O. Reg. 239/02, s. 6, Table 2.
TABLE 3
POTHOLES ON PAVED OR NON-PAVED SURFACE OF SHOULDER
Class of
Highway
Surface Area
Depth
Time
1
1500 cm²
8 cm
7 days
2
1500 cm²
8 cm
7 days
3
1500 cm²
8 cm
14 days
4
1500 cm²
10 cm
30 days
5
1500 cm²
12 cm
60 days
O. Reg. 239/02, s. 6, Table 3.
Shoulder drop-offs
7. (1) If a shoulder drop-off is deeper than 8 cm, for a continuous distance of 20 metres or more, the standard is to repair
the shoulder drop-off within the time set out in the Table to this section after becoming aware of the fact. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 9
(1).
(2) A shoulder drop-off is deemed to be in a state of repair if its depth is less than 8 cm. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 9 (1).
(3) In this section,
"shoulder drop-off" means the vertical differential, where the paved surface of the roadway is higher than the surface of the
shoulder, between the paved surface of the roadway and the paved or non-paved surface of the shoulder. O. Reg. 239/02,
s. 7 (3).
TABLE
SHOULDER DROP-OFFS
Class of Highway
Time
1
4 days
2
4 days
3
7 days
4
14 days
5
30 days
O. Reg. 366/18, s. 9 (2).
Cracks
8. (1) If a crack on the paved surface of a roadway is greater than 5 cm wide and 5 cm deep for a continuous distance of
three metres or more, the standard is to repair the crack within the time set out in the Table to this section after becoming
aware of the fact. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 10 (1).
(2) A crack is deemed to be in a state of repair if its width or depth is less than or equal to 5 cm. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 10 (1).
TABLE
CRACKS
Column 1
Column 2
Class of Highway
Time
1
30 days
2
30 days
3
60 days
4
180 days
5
180 days
O. Reg. 366/18, s. 10 (2).
7
Debris
9. (1) If there is debris on a roadway, the standard is to deploy resources, as soon as practicable after becoming aware of
the fact, to remove the debris. O. Reg. 239/02, s. 9 (1); O. Reg. 366/18, s. 11.
(2) In this section,
"debris" means any material (except snow, slush or ice) or object on a roadway,
(a) that is not an integral part of the roadway or has not been intentionally placed on the roadway by a municipality, and
(b) that is reasonably likely to cause damage to a motor vehicle or to injure a person in a motor vehicle. O. Reg. 239/02,
s. 9 (2); O. Reg. 47/13, s. 9.
Luminaires
10. (0.1) REVOKED: O. Reg. 366/18, s. 12.
(1) The standard for the frequency of inspecting all luminaires to check to see that they are functioning is once per
calendar year, with each inspection taking place not more than 16 months from the previous inspection. O. Reg. 366/18, s.
12.
(2) For conventional illumination, if three or more consecutive luminaires on the same side of a highway are not
functioning, the standard is to repair the luminaires within the time set out in the Table to this section after becoming aware
of the fact. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 12.
(3) For conventional illumination and high mast illumination, if 30 per cent or more of the luminaires on any kilometre of
highway are not functioning, the standard is to repair the luminaires within the time set out in the Table to this section after
becoming aware of the fact. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 12.
(4) Despite subsection (2), for high mast illumination, if all of the luminaires on consecutive poles on the same side of a
highway are not functioning, the standard is to deploy resources as soon as practicable after becoming aware of the fact to
repair the luminaires. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 12.
(5) Despite subsections (1), (2) and (3), for conventional illumination and high mast illumination, if more than 50 per cent
of the luminaires on any kilometre of a Class 1 highway with a speed limit of 90 kilometres per hour or more are not
functioning, the standard is to deploy resources as soon as practicable after becoming aware of the fact to repair the
luminaires. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 12.
(6) Luminaires are deemed to be in a state of repair,
(a) for the purpose of subsection (2), if the number of non-functioning consecutive luminaires on the same side of a
highway does not exceed two;
(b) for the purpose of subsection (3), if more than 70 per cent of luminaires on any kilometre of highway are functioning;
(c) for the purpose of subsection (4), if one or more of the luminaires on consecutive poles on the same side of a highway
are functioning;
(d) for the purpose of subsection (5), if more than 50 per cent of luminaires on any kilometre of highway are functioning.
O. Reg. 366/18, s. 12.
(7) In this section,
"conventional illumination" means lighting, other than high mast illumination, where there are one or more luminaires per
pole;
"high mast illumination" means lighting where there are three or more luminaires per pole and the height of the pole exceeds
20 metres;
"luminaire" means a complete lighting unit consisting of,
(a) a lamp, and
(b) parts designed to distribute the light, to position or protect the lamp and to connect the lamp to the power supply.
O. Reg. 239/02, s. 10 (7).
TABLE
LUMINAIRES
Class of Highway
Time
1
7 days
2
7 days
3
14 days
4
14 days
5
14 days
8
O. Reg. 239/02, s. 10, Table.
Signs
11. (0.1) The standard for the frequency of inspecting signs of a type listed in subsection (2) to check to see that they meet
the retro-reflectivity requirements of the Ontario Traffic Manual is once per calendar year, with each inspection taking place
not more than 16 months from the previous inspection. O. Reg. 23/10, s. 7 (1); O. Reg. 47/13, s. 11 (1); O. Reg. 366/18, s. 13.
(0.2) A sign that has been inspected in accordance with subsection (0.1) is deemed to be in a state of repair with respect to
the retro-reflectivity requirements of the Ontario Traffic Manual until the next inspection in accordance with that subsection,
provided that the municipality does not acquire actual knowledge that the sign has ceased to meet these requirements. O. Reg.
47/13, s. 11 (2).
(1) If any sign of a type listed in subsection (2) is illegible, improperly oriented, obscured or missing, the standard is to
deploy resources as soon as practicable after becoming aware of the fact to repair or replace the sign. O. Reg. 239/02,
s. 11 (1); O. Reg. 23/10, s. 7 (2); O. Reg. 366/18, s. 13.
(2) This section applies to the following types of signs:
1. Checkerboard.
2. Curve sign with advisory speed tab.
3. Do not enter.
3.1 Load Restricted Bridge.
3.2 Low Bridge.
3.3 Low Bridge Ahead.
4. One Way.
5. School Zone Speed Limit.
6. Stop.
7. Stop Ahead.
8. Stop Ahead, New.
9. Traffic Signal Ahead, New.
10. Two-Way Traffic Ahead.
11. Wrong Way.
12. Yield.
13. Yield Ahead.
14. Yield Ahead, New. O. Reg. 239/02, s. 11 (2); O. Reg. 23/10, s. 7 (3).
Regulatory or warning signs
12. (1) The standard for the frequency of inspecting regulatory signs or warning signs to check to see that they meet the
retro-reflectivity requirements of the Ontario Traffic Manual is once per calendar year, with each inspection taking place not
more than 16 months from the previous inspection. O. Reg. 23/10, s. 8; O. Reg. 47/13, s. 12 (1); O. Reg. 366/18, s. 13.
(1.1) A regulatory sign or warning sign that has been inspected in accordance with subsection (1) is deemed to be in a state
of repair with respect to the retro-reflectivity requirements of the Ontario Traffic Manual until the next inspection in
accordance with that subsection, provided that the municipality does not acquire actual knowledge that the sign has ceased to
meet these requirements. O. Reg. 47/13, s. 12 (2).
(2) If a regulatory sign or warning sign is illegible, improperly oriented, obscured or missing, the standard is to repair or
replace the sign within the time set out in the Table to this section after becoming aware of the fact. O. Reg. 23/10, s. 8; O.
Reg. 366/18, s. 13.
(3) In this section,
"regulatory sign" and "warning sign" have the same meanings as in the Ontario Traffic Manual, except that they do not
include a sign listed in subsection 11 (2) of this Regulation. O. Reg. 23/10, s. 8.
TABLE
REGULATORY AND WARNING SIGNS
Class of Highway
Time
1
7 days
2
14 days
9
3
21 days
4
30 days
5
30 days
O. Reg. 239/02, s. 12, Table.
Traffic control signal systems
13. (1) If a traffic control signal system is defective in any way described in subsection (2), the standard is to deploy
resources as soon as practicable after becoming aware of the defect to repair the defect or replace the defective component of
the traffic control signal system. O. Reg. 239/02, s. 13 (1); O. Reg. 366/18, s. 13.
(2) This section applies if a traffic control signal system is defective in any of the following ways:
1. One or more displays show conflicting signal indications.
2. The angle of a traffic control signal or pedestrian control indication has been changed in such a way that the traffic or
pedestrian facing it does not have clear visibility of the information conveyed or that it conveys confusing information
to traffic or pedestrians facing other directions.
3. A phase required to allow a pedestrian or vehicle to safely travel through an intersection fails to occur.
4. There are phase or cycle timing errors interfering with the ability of a pedestrian or vehicle to safely travel through an
intersection.
5. There is a power failure in the traffic control signal system.
6. The traffic control signal system cabinet has been displaced from its proper position.
7. There is a failure of any of the traffic control signal support structures.
8. A signal lamp or a pedestrian control indication is not functioning.
9. Signals are flashing when flashing mode is not a part of the normal signal operation. O. Reg. 239/02, s. 13 (2).
(3) Despite subsection (1) and paragraph 8 of subsection (2), if the posted speed of all approaches to the intersection or
location of the non-functioning signal lamp or pedestrian control indication is less than 80 kilometres per hour and the signal
that is not functioning is a green or a pedestrian "walk" signal, the standard is to repair or replace the defective component by
the end of the next business day. O. Reg. 239/02, s. 13 (3); O. Reg. 366/18, s. 13.
(4) In this section and section 14,
"cycle" means a complete sequence of traffic control indications at a location;
"display" means the illuminated and non-illuminated signals facing the traffic;
"indication" has the same meaning as in the Highway Traffic Act;
"phase" means a part of a cycle from the time where one or more traffic directions receive a green indication to the time
where one or more different traffic directions receive a green indication;
"power failure" means a reduction in power or a loss in power preventing the traffic control signal system from operating as
intended;
"traffic control signal" has the same meaning as in the Highway Traffic Act;
"traffic control signal system" has the same meaning as in the Highway Traffic Act. O. Reg. 239/02, s. 13 (4).
Traffic control signal system sub-systems
14. (1) The standard is to inspect, test and maintain the following traffic control signal system sub-systems once per
calendar year, with each inspection taking place not more than 16 months from the previous inspection:
1. The display sub-system, consisting of traffic signal and pedestrian crossing heads, physical support structures and
support cables.
2. The traffic control sub-system, including the traffic control signal cabinet and internal devices such as timer, detection
devices and associated hardware, but excluding conflict monitors.
3. The external detection sub-system, consisting of detection sensors for all vehicles, including emergency and railway
vehicles and pedestrian push- buttons. O. Reg. 239/02, s. 14 (1); O. Reg. 47/13, s. 13 (1); O. Reg. 366/18, s. 13.
(1.1) A traffic control signal system sub-system that has been inspected, tested and maintained in accordance with
subsection (1) is deemed to be in a state of repair until the next inspection in accordance with that subsection, provided that
the municipality does not acquire actual knowledge that the traffic control signal system sub-system has ceased to be in a
state of repair. O. Reg. 47/13, s. 13 (2).
(2) The standard is to inspect, test and maintain conflict monitors every five to seven months and at least twice per
calendar year. O. Reg. 239/02, s. 14 (2); O. Reg. 47/13, s. 13 (3); O. Reg. 366/18, s. 13.
10
(2.1) A conflict monitor that has been inspected, tested and maintained in accordance with subsection (2) is deemed to be
in a state of repair until the next inspection in accordance with that subsection, provided that the municipality does not
acquire actual knowledge that the conflict monitor has ceased to be in a state of repair. O. Reg. 47/13, s. 13 (4).
(3) In this section,
"conflict monitor" means a device that continually checks for conflicting signal indications and responds to a conflict by
emitting a signal. O. Reg. 239/02, s. 14 (3).
Bridge deck spalls
15. (1) If a bridge deck spall exceeds both the surface area and depth set out in the Table to this section, the standard is to
repair the bridge deck spall within the time set out in the Table after becoming aware of the fact. O. Reg. 239/02, s. 15 (1);
O. Reg. 366/18, s. 13.
(2) A bridge deck spall is deemed to be in a state of repair if its surface area or depth is less than or equal to that set out in
the Table. O. Reg. 239/02, s. 15 (2); O. Reg. 47/13, s. 14.
(3) In this section,
"bridge deck spall" means a cavity left by one or more fragments detaching from the paved surface of the roadway or
shoulder of a bridge. O. Reg. 239/02, s. 15 (3).
TABLE
BRIDGE DECK SPALLS
Class of
Highway
Surface Area
Depth
Time
1
600 cm²
8 cm
4 days
2
800 cm²
8 cm
4 days
3
1,000 cm²
8 cm
7 days
4
1,000 cm²
8 cm
7 days
5
1,000 cm²
8 cm
7 days
O. Reg. 239/02, s. 15, Table.
Roadway surface discontinuities
16. (1) If a surface discontinuity on a roadway, other than a surface discontinuity on a bridge deck, exceeds the height set
out in the Table to this section, the standard is to repair the surface discontinuity within the time set out in the Table after
becoming aware of the fact. O. Reg. 23/10, s. 9; O. Reg. 366/18, s. 13.
(1.1) A surface discontinuity on a roadway, other than a surface discontinuity on a bridge deck, is deemed to be in a state
of repair if its height is less than or equal to the height set out in the Table to this section. O. Reg. 47/13, s. 15.
(2) If a surface discontinuity on a bridge deck exceeds five centimetres, the standard is to deploy resources as soon as
practicable after becoming aware of the fact to repair the surface discontinuity on the bridge deck. O. Reg. 23/10, s. 9; O.
Reg. 366/18, s. 13.
(2.1) A surface discontinuity on a bridge deck is deemed to be in a state of repair if its height is less than or equal to five
centimetres. O. Reg. 47/13, s. 15.
(3) In this section,
"surface discontinuity" means a vertical discontinuity creating a step formation at joints or cracks in the paved surface of the
roadway, including bridge deck joints, expansion joints and approach slabs to a bridge. O. Reg. 23/10, s. 9.
TABLE
SURFACE DISCONTINUITIES
Class of Highway Height
Time
1
5 cm
2 days
2
5 cm
2 days
3
5 cm
7 days
4
5 cm
21 days
5
5 cm
21 days
O. Reg. 239/02, s. 16, Table.
Sidewalk surface discontinuities
16.1 (1) The standard for the frequency of inspecting sidewalks to check for surface discontinuity is once per calendar
year, with each inspection taking place not more than 16 months from the previous inspection. O. Reg. 23/10, s. 10; O. Reg.
47/13, s. 16 (1); O. Reg. 366/18, s. 13.
11
(1.1) A sidewalk that has been inspected in accordance with subsection (1) is deemed to be in a state of repair with respect
to any surface discontinuity until the next inspection in accordance with that subsection, provided that the municipality does
not acquire actual knowledge of the presence of a surface discontinuity in excess of two centimetres. O. Reg. 47/13, s. 16 (2).
(2) If a surface discontinuity on or within a sidewalk exceeds two centimetres, the standard is to treat the surface
discontinuity within 14 days after acquiring actual knowledge of the fact. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 14.
(2.1) REVOKED: O. Reg. 366/18, s. 14.
(3) A surface discontinuity on or within a sidewalk is deemed to be in a state of repair if it is less than or equal to two
centimetres. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 14.
(4) For the purpose of subsection (2), treating a surface discontinuity on or within a sidewalk means taking reasonable
measures to protect users of the sidewalk from the discontinuity, including making permanent or temporary repairs, alerting
users' attention to the discontinuity or preventing access to the area of discontinuity. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 14.
(5) In this section,
"surface discontinuity" means a vertical discontinuity creating a step formation at any joint or crack in the surface of the
sidewalk or any vertical height difference between a utility appurtenance found on or within the sidewalk and the surface
of the sidewalk. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 14.
Encroachments, area adjacent to sidewalk
16.2 (1) The standard for the frequency of inspecting an area adjacent to a sidewalk to check for encroachments is once
per calendar year, with each inspection taking place not more than 16 months from the previous inspection. O. Reg. 366/18,
s. 15.
(2) The area adjacent to a sidewalk that has been inspected in accordance with subsection (1) is deemed to be in a state of
repair in respect of any encroachment present. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 15.
(3) For greater certainty, the area adjacent to a sidewalk begins at the outer edges of a sidewalk and ends at the lesser of
the limit of the highway, the back edge of a curb if there is a curb and a maximum of 45 cm. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 15.
(4) The area adjacent to a sidewalk is deemed to be in a state of repair in respect of any encroachment present unless the
encroachment is determined by a municipality to be highly unusual given its character and location or to constitute a
significant hazard to pedestrians. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 15.
(5) If a municipality determines that an encroachment is highly unusual given its character and location or constitutes a
significant hazard to pedestrians, the standard is to treat the encroachment within 28 days after making such a determination,
and the encroachment is deemed in a state of repair for 28 days from the time of the determination by the municipality. O.
Reg. 366/18, s. 15.
(6) For the purpose of subsection (4), treating an encroachment means taking reasonable measures to protect users,
including making permanent or temporary repairs, alerting users' attention to the encroachment or preventing access to the
area of the encroachment. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 15.
Snow accumulation on sidewalks
16.3 (1) Subject to section 16.4, the standard for addressing snow accumulation on a sidewalk after the snow
accumulation has ended is,
a) to reduce the snow to a depth less than or equal to 8 centimetres within 48 hours; and
b) to provide a minimum sidewalk width of 1 metre. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 15.
(2) If the depth of snow accumulation on a sidewalk is less than or equal to 8 centimetres, the sidewalk is deemed to be in
a state of repair in respect of snow accumulation. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 15.
(3) If the depth of snow accumulation on a sidewalk exceeds 8 centimetres while the snow continues to accumulate, the
sidewalk is deemed to be in a state of repair with respect to snow accumulation, until 48 hours after the snow accumulation
ends. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 15.
(4) For the purposes of this section, the depth of snow accumulation on a sidewalk may be determined in the same manner
as set out in subsection 4 (4) and by the persons mentioned in subsection 4 (3) with necessary modifications. O. Reg. 366/18,
s. 15.
(5) For the purposes of this section, addressing snow accumulation on a sidewalk includes,
(a) plowing the sidewalk;
(b) salting the sidewalk;
(c) applying abrasive materials to the sidewalk;
(d) applying other chemical or organic agents to the sidewalk; or
(e) any combination of the methods described in clauses (a) to (d). O. Reg. 366/18, s. 15.
12
Snow accumulation on sidewalks, significant weather event
16.4 (1) If a municipality declares a significant weather event relating to snow accumulation, the standard for addressing
snow accumulation on sidewalks until the declaration of the end of the significant weather event is,
(a) to monitor the weather in accordance with section 3.1; and
(b) if deemed practicable by the municipality, to deploy resources to address snow accumulation on sidewalks starting
from the time that the municipality deems appropriate to do so. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 15.
(2) If the municipality complies with subsection (1), all sidewalks within the municipality are deemed to be in a state of
repair with respect to any snow present until 48 hours following the declaration of the end of the significant weather event by
the municipality. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 15.
(3) Following the end of the weather hazard in respect of which a significant weather event was declared by a municipality
under subsection (1), the municipality shall,
(a) declare the end of the significant weather event when the municipality determines it is appropriate to do so; and
(b) address snow accumulation on sidewalks in accordance with section 16.3. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 15.
Ice formation on sidewalks and icy sidewalks
16.5 (1) Subject to section 16.6, the standard for the prevention of ice formation on sidewalks is to,
(a) monitor the weather in accordance with section 3.1 in the 24-hour period preceding an alleged formation of ice on a
sidewalk; and
(b) treat the sidewalk if practicable to prevent ice formation or improve traction within 48 hours if the municipality
determines that there is a substantial probability of ice forming on a sidewalk, starting from the time that the
municipality determines is the appropriate time to deploy resources for that purpose. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 15.
(2) If ice forms on a sidewalk even though the municipality meets the standard set out in subsection (1), the sidewalk is
deemed to be in a state of repair in respect of ice until 48 hours after the municipality first becomes aware of the fact that the
sidewalk is icy. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 15.
(3) The standard for treating icy sidewalks after the municipality becomes aware of the fact that a sidewalk is icy is to treat
the icy sidewalk within 48 hours, and an icy sidewalk is deemed to be in a state of repair for 48 hours after it has been treated.
O. Reg. 366/18, s. 15.
(4) For the purposes of this section, treating a sidewalk means applying materials including salt, sand or any combination
of salt and sand to the sidewalk. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 15.
Icy sidewalks, significant weather event
16.6 (1) If a municipality declares a significant weather event relating to ice, the standard for addressing ice formation or
ice on sidewalks until the declaration of the end of the significant weather event is,
(a) to monitor the weather in accordance with section 3.1; and
(b) if deemed practicable by the municipality, to deploy resources to treat the sidewalks to prevent ice formation or
improve traction, or treat the icy sidewalks, starting from the time that the municipality deems appropriate to do so. O.
Reg. 366/18, s. 15.
(2) If the municipality complies with subsection (1), all sidewalks within the municipality are deemed to be in a state of
repair with respect to any ice which forms or is present until 48 hours after the declaration of the end of the significant
weather event by the municipality. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 15.
(3) Following the end of the weather hazard in respect of which a significant weather event was declared by a municipality
under subsection (1), the municipality shall,
(a) declare the end of the significant weather event when the municipality determines it is appropriate to do so; and
(b) address the prevention of ice formation on sidewalks or treat icy sidewalks in accordance with section 16.5. O. Reg.
366/18, s. 15.
Winter sidewalk patrol
16.7 (1) If it is determined by the municipality that the weather monitoring referred to in section 3.1 indicates that there is
a substantial probability of snow accumulation on sidewalks in excess of 8 cm, ice formation on sidewalks or icy sidewalks,
the standard for patrolling sidewalks is to patrol sidewalks that the municipality selects as representative of its sidewalks at
intervals deemed necessary by the municipality. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 15.
(2) Patrolling a sidewalk consists of visually observing the sidewalk, either by driving by the sidewalk on the adjacent
roadway or by driving or walking on the sidewalk or by electronically monitoring the sidewalk, and may be performed by
persons responsible for patrolling roadways or sidewalks or by persons responsible for or performing roadway or sidewalk
maintenance activities. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 15.
13
Closure of a highway
16.8 (1) When a municipality closes a highway or part of a highway pursuant to its powers under the Act, the highway is
deemed to be in a state of repair in respect of all conditions described in this Regulation from the time of the closure until the
highway is re-opened by the municipality. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 15.
(2) For the purposes of subsection (1), a highway or part of a highway is closed on the earlier of,
(a) when a municipality passes a by-law to close the highway or part of the highway; and
(b) when a municipality has taken such steps as it determines necessary to temporarily close the highway or part of a
highway. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 15.
Declaration of significant weather event
16.9. A municipality declaring the beginning of a significant weather event or declaring the end of a significant weather
event under this Regulation shall do so in one or more of the following ways:
1. By posting a notice on the municipality's website.
2. By making an announcement on a social media platform, such as Facebook or Twitter.
3. By sending a press release or similar communication to internet, newspaper, radio or television media.
4. By notification through the municipality's police service.
5. By any other notification method required in a by-law of the municipality. O. Reg. 366/18, s. 15.
REVIEW OF REGULATION
Review
17. (1) The Minister of Transportation shall conduct a review of this Regulation and Ontario Regulation 612/06
(Minimum Maintenance Standards for Highways in the City of Toronto) made under the City of Toronto Act, 2006 every five
years. O. Reg. 613/06, s. 2.
(2) Despite subsection (1), the first review after the completion of the review started before the end of 2007 shall be
started five years after the day Ontario Regulation 23/10 is filed. O. Reg. 23/10, s. 11.
18. OMITTED (PROVIDES FOR COMING INTO FORCE OF PROVISIONS OF THIS REGULATION). O. Reg. 239/02, s. 18.
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14
19
2025-2026 Winter Maintenance Manual
December 2025
Schedule K
"Winter Parking" By-Law 20-040
(amending Parking By-Law 15-017)
THE CORPORATION OF THE TOWN OF KIRKLAND LAKE
BY-LAW NUMBER 20-040
BEING A BY-LAW TO AMEND BY-LAW 15-017 FOR THE REGULATION OF
PARKING FOR THE TOWN OF KIRKLAND LAKE
WHEREAS according to Section 27 of the Municipal Act, S.O. 2001, Chapter 25, as
amended, the Council of a Municipality may pass by-laws in respect to highways;
AND WHEREAS Section 137 of the Highway Traffic Act, R.S.O. 1990, Chapter H.8, as
amended, permits the Council of the Municipality to provide by-laws for the erection of
stop signs at the intersections on highways under its jurisdiction;
AND WHEREAS Council deems it expedient to amend By-law No. 15-017 to amend no
parking areas within the Town of Kirkland Lake;
NOW THEREFORE THE COUNCIL OF THE CORPORATION OF THE TOWN OF
KIRKLAND LAKE HEREBY ENACTS AS FOLLOWS:
1. THAT the following be added as 16.6 "No person shall park a motor vehicle in a
municipal parking lot beyond the times mentioned in the table below."
Municipal Parking
Lot Number
Winter Months
(November - April)
Summer Months
(May - October)
1
7:00 am - 2:00 am
No restrictions
2
5:30 am - 2:00 am
No restrictions
3
7:00 am - 2:00 am
No restrictions
4
7:00 am - 2:00 am
No restrictions
5
7:00 am - 2:00 am
No restrictions
1. THAT the following be added as 17.5 "No person shall park a trailer on public
property without prior approval from Council."
2. THAT the following be added as 18.7 "No person shall park a recreational vehicle
on public property without prior approval from Council."
3. THAT Schedule "K" detailing Parking Restrictions within the Town of Kirkland
Lake be hereby deleted and replaced with the updated Schedule "K", as attached
to this By-law as Schedule "A".
4. THAT Table "K" detailing Parking Restrictions within the Town of Kirkland Lake
be hereby deleted and replaced with the updated Table "K", as attached to this
By-law as Schedule "B".
5. THAT this By-law shall come into full force and effect on the date of final passage
hereof at which time all By-laws and/or resolutions that are inconsistent with the
provisions of this By-law and the same are hereby repealed or rescinded insofar
as it is necessary to give effect to the provisions of this By-law.
READ A FIRST, SECOND AND THIRD TIME, ENACTED AND PASSED this 21st day
of April 2020.
Patrick Kiely
Mayor
Meagan Elliott
Clerk
Parking Restr
ictions map
20-040 Schedule A
By-Law 15-017
Amended by By-law 18-109
Amended by By-law 19-021
Amended by By-law 19-029
Amended by By-law 19-119
Amended by By-law 20-012
Amended by By-law 20-024
Amended by By-law 20-036
Amended by By-law 20-
Table K - Parking Restrictions
Identification
Location
From
To
Road
Time Period
Number
Side
1
AI Wende
Front Entrance to Mall
Rear entrance to Mall
West
No parking between
Nov. 1st and April 15th
2
Allen Avenue
Government Road East
South to laneway
West
No parking at any time
3
Allen Avenue
Government Road East
20 metres South
East
No parking at any time
4
Burnside Drive
Government Road East
Railway tracks
East
No parking at any time
5
Burnside Drive
Government Road East
Railway tracks
West
No parking at any time
6
Churchill Drive
Fourth Street
26m South
East
No parking at any time
7
Churchill Drive
Entrance to Assomption
School on Churchill Drive
Carter Avenue
West
No parking at any time
8
Churchill Drive
Carter Avenue
Duncan Avenue South
North
No parking Monday to
Friday 8:00am to
4:30pm
9
Duncan Avenue
Government Road
33 metres North
West
No parking at any time
10
Duncan Avenue
Prospect and Duncan
Intersection (4 Duncan S)
Wright-Hargreaves
Avenue
East
No parking at any t ime
11
Duncan Avenue
Prospect and Duncan
Intersection
South boudary of 9
Duncan S
West
No parking at any time
12
Duncan Avenue
North
44 Duncan Ave North
36 Duncan Ave N
East
No parking at any t ime
13
Duncan Avenue
North
Wright Hargreaves
Avenue
North of Police Station
North
East
No parking at anytime
14
Duncan Avenue
South
O'Meara Boulevard
Churchill Drive
West
No parking between
8:00am and 9:00am
AND between 3:00pm
and 4:00pm
15
Fifth Street
Allan Avenue
74 Fifth St
North
No parking at any time
16
Foss Lane
Federal Street
Wishman St
Both
No parking at any time
17
Foss Lane
Grierson Road
Federal St
Both
No parking at any time
18
Government Road
East
Station Road
Entrance of KL Inn
North
No parking at any time
19
Government Road
East
Station Road
61 Government Road
East
South
No parking at any time
20
Government Road
East
Entrance to post office
parking
Station Road
South
No parking at any time
21
Government Road
East
Station Road
Tweedsmuir Road
North
No parking at any time
20-040 Schedule B
By-Law 15-017
Identification
Number
22
Location
Government Road
East
From
Tweedsmuir Road
To
14 Government Road
East
Road
Side
North
Time Period
No parking at any time
23
Government Road
East
Allan Avenue
middle ofll
Government Road E
South
No parking at any time
24
Government Road
East
Allan Avenue
30 Metres East
(middle of lot at 83
Government Road E)
South
No parking at any time
25
Government Road
West
Duncan Avenue
West end of 2
Government Road
North
No parking at any time
26
Government Road
West
Prospect Avenue
Stairs in front of 6
Gov't Rd W
North
No parking at any time
27
Government Road
West
Lasalle Theatre (98
Government Road West)
East to 90
Government Road W
North
No parking at any time
28
Government Road
West
80 Government Road
West
60 Government Rd W
North
No parking at any time
29
Government Road
West
Prospect Avenue
Government Road W
(Suykens Denture)
North
No parking at any time
30
Government Road
West
Water Lane
102 Government Road
West
North
No parking at any time
31
Government Road
West
Prospect Avenue
25 metres West
South
No parking at any time
32
Kirkland Street
East
Station Road
14 Kirkland Street
(Union Gas)
North
No parking at any time
33
Kirkland Street
East
Light post in front of
Library Entrance
Accessible parking
space
North
No parking at any time
34
Kirkland Street
East
Duncan Avenue South
Library Entrance
North
No parking at any time
35
Kirkland Street
West
Government Road West
Lebel Avenue
North
No parking at any time
36
Kirkland Street
West
Town Hall
Duncan Avenue
South
Town Hall Business only,
between 8am and 7pm
37
Kirkland Street
West
Government Road West
Laneway between 55
and 57 Kirkland St W
South
No parking at any time
38
39
Kirkland Street
West
Lebel Avenue
19 Kirkland Street West
Government Road West
Prospect Avenue
40 metres South
South
West
No parking at any time
40
Lebel Avenue
Kirkland Street West
Laneway beside 39
Kirkland Street (Holy
Name Church)
East
No parking at any time
No parking at any time
41
42
Main Street
Main Street
Government Road West
Government Road West
Laneway behind 93
Government Road W
49 metres South
East
West
No parking at any time
43
Market Street
Water Lane
Government Road
West
West
No parking at any time
No parking between
Nov. 1st and April 15th
By-law 15-017
Identification
Location
From
To
Road
Time Period
Number
Side
44
O'Meara Boulevard
9 metres South of Fire
Department
12 metres North of
Fire Department
East
No parking at any time
45
O'Meara Boulevard
McCamus Avenue
12 Metres South
West
No parking at any time
46
Prospect Avenue
Government Road West
South 39 metres (NW
corner of municipal
parking lot)
East
No parking at any time
47
Prospect Avenue
39 Prospect Avenue
Kirkpatrick Avenue
West
No parking at any time
48
Prospect Avenue
Corner of Prospect Ave
and Government Road
13 metres North
East
No parking at any time
West
49
Prospect Avenue
Water lane
Duncan Avenue
East
No parking at any time
50
Prospect Avenue
Rear parking lot of Family
Health Team/Entrance to
old Commodore
Duncan Avenue
West
No parking at any time
51
Prospect Avenue
Government Road West
25 metres
north/accessible
parking space
West
No parking at any time
52
Second Street
St. Peter's lane
1 Hospital Green
North
No parking at any time
52
Second Street
Churchill Drive
41 Second Street
South
No parking at any time
54
Second Street
Churchill Drive
25 metres West
South
No parking at any time
55
Station Road South
Tower Street
Laneway North of 40
Tower St.
East
No parking at any time
56
Station Road South
Kirkland Street East
47 metres north,
beside central school
West
No parking at any time
entrance
57
Station Road North
Government Road East
45 metres North
East
No parking at any time
58
Station Road North
Government Road East
35 metres North
West
No parking at any time
59
Tweedsmuir Road
Government Road East
35 metres North
West
No parking at any time
60
Water lane
Market Street
Prospect Avenue
South
No parking at any time
61
Water lane
Government Road West
22 Water lane
North
No parking at any time
62
Water lane
Market Street
Government Road
West
South
No parking at any time
63
Water lane
Prospect Avenue
25 Metres West
North
No parking at any time
64
Westinghouse
Avenue
Childs Avenue
North side of 12 Childs
Avenue
West
No parking at any time
65
Woods Street
South of 8 Woods Street
(White Eagle)
North of 8 Woods
Street
East
No parking at any time
66
Woods Street
Poplar Avenue
71 Woods Street
West
No parking at any time
67
Woods Street
Queen Street
South end of School
parking lot
East
No parking Monday to
Friday 8:00am to
4:30pm
20
2025-2026 Winter Maintenance Manual
December 2025
Schedule L
Depositing of Snow or Ice Regulations
By-Law 22-062
THE CORPORATION OF THE TOWN OF KIRKLAND LAKE
BY-LAW NUMBER 22-062
BEING A BY-LAW TO REGULATE THE DEPOSITING OF SNOW OR ICE ON
MUNICIPAL OWNED OR OPERATED PROPERTY WITHIN THE TOWN OF
KIRKLAND LAKE
WHEREAS Section 8(1) of the Municipal Act, 2001, as amended, confers upon the
Municipality, authority to govern its affairs as it considers appropriate and to enhance the
Municipality's ability to respond to municipal issues;
AND WHEREAS Section 10(1) of the Municipal Act, 2001, as amended, authorizes
municipalities to pass by-laws for the health, safety and well-being of persons;
AND WHEREAS pursuant to Section 446(1) of the Municipal Act S.O. 2001, c.25, as
amended, a municipality may direct that in default of clearing the land or refuse by the
person directed or required to do it, the cleaning and clearing of land shall be done at the
person's expense;
AND WHEREAS pursuant to Section 446 (2) of the Municipal Act S.O. 2001, c.25, as
amended, a municipality may, for the purposes of 446(1), enter upon land at any
reasonable time;
AND WHEREAS pursuant to Section 446, clauses 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 & 8 of the Municipal Act
S.O. 2001, c.25, as amended, a municipality may recover the costs of clearing the land
from the person directed or required to do it and the municipality may recover the costs
by action or by adding the costs to the tax roll and colleting them in the same manner as
taxes;
AND WHEREAS Section 181 of the Highway Traffic Act, RSO 1990, as amended,
prohibits deposit of snow or ice on a roadway without permission from the road authority;
AND WHEREAS, Council of the Corporation of the Town of Kirkland Lake deems it
advisable to pass a by-law prohibiting the obstructing of roadways and sidewalks and
regulating the placement of snow thereon;
NOW THEREFORE BE IT RESOLVED THAT THE COUNCIL OF THE CORPORATION
OF THE TOWN OF KIRKLAND LAKE ENACTS AS FOLLOWS:
1
DEFINITIONS
The words and phrases defined in this section have the following meaning for the
purposes of this By-law:
1.1
"Boulevard" means a strip of ground between the sidewalk and road; or the
strip of ground between the edge of a property and the road;
1.2
"Highway" means a common and public highway, street, avenue, lane,
parkway, driveway, sidewalk, square, place, bridge, viaduct, trestle, including
the area between the lateral property lines that is intended for the use of the
general public; or as amended under the Highway Traffic Act, R.S.O., 1990;
BY-LAW NUMBER 22-062 - ROADWAY SNOW DEPOSITING BY-LAW
The Corporation of the Town of Kirkland Lake
Page 2 of 5
1.3
"Motor Vehicle" includes an automobile, motorcycle, motor assisted bicycle
and any other vehicle propelled or driven otherwise than by muscular power,
but does not include a street car, or other motor vehicle, traction engine, farm
tractor, self-propelled implement of husbandry or road-building machine. A
motor vehicle must have valid provincial registration.
1.4
"Municipal By-law Enforcement Officer" means a person appointed by the
Town of Kirkland Lake and authorized to carry out the enforcement of this By-
Law and other town by-Laws;
1.5
"Municipality" means the Corporation of the Town of Kirkland Lake;
1.6
"Officer" means a Municipal By-law Enforcement Officer, a Police Officer, or
another agent as designated by the Chief Administrative Officer;
1.7
"Open Space" means open unobstructed space on a site which is suitable
for landscaping, including any part of the site occupied by recreational
accessory buildings, any surfaced walk, patio or similar area, any sports or
recreational area, any ornamental or swimming pool, and the roof or other
part of a building or area, but excluding any driveway or ramp, whether
surfaced or not, any curb, retaining wall, motor vehicle parking area, or
loading space.
1.8
"Owner" includes the person holding registered title to land and the person
for the time being managing or receiving the rent or paying the municipal
taxes on the land in question, whether on his, her or its own account or as
agent or trustee of any other person or who would so receive the rent if such
were let, and shall also include a lessee or occupant of the land. Where the
person holding registered title to the land is a condominium corporation, the
owner of the corporation and not its member;
1.9
"Person" means any human being, firm, association, partnership, private
club, incorporated company, corporation, tenants in common, joint tenants,
agent or trustee and heirs, executors or other legal representatives of a
person to whom the context can apply according to law and for the purpose
of this By-law includes the owner or driver of a vehicle;
1.10
"Pile" means a concentration of snow and/or ice pushed into a pile above the
height of 1.52 metres (5 feet);
1.11
"Police Officer" means a sworn member of the Ontario Provincial Police;
1.12
"Private Driveway" means improved land on a highway, which provides
vehicular access from the roadway to a parking area or a laneway on adjacent
land;
BY-LAW NUMBER 22-062 - ROADWAY SNOW DEPOSITING BY-LAW
The Corporation of the Town of Kirkland Lake
Page 3 of 5
1.13
"Roadway" means that part of the highway that is improved, designated or
ordinarily used for vehicular traffic, but does not include the shoulder, curbs,
sidewalks;
1.14
"Sidewalk" Shall be defined as the portion of the road allowance, located
between the paved portion of the street and the property line, so constructed
for the purpose of transporting pedestrians;
1.15
"Significant Weather Event" means an approaching or occurring weather
hazard with the potential to pose a significant danger to users of the highways
within a municipality. As per Regulation 239/02 of the Municipal Act 2001, an
Ontario municipality may declare a significant weather event when a weather
hazard is approaching or occurring and has the potential to pose a significant
danger to users of the highways in which they have authority over. This
declaration suspends the standard timelines required for municipalities to
meet their winter maintenance objectives until the municipality declares the
significant weather event has ended. During the course of a declared
significant weather event, the standard for addressing winter maintenance is
to monitor the weather and to deploy resources to address the issue starting
from the time that the municipality deems it appropriate to do so. When the
municipality has declared the event has ended, the standard timelines for
winter maintenance activities will resume.
1.16
"Town" means the Corporation of the Town of Kirkland Lake;
1.17
"Travelled Portion of the Roadway" shall be defined as that part of a
roadway designated or intended for use by vehicular traffic;
1.18
"Town Owned Property" is a piece of property, owned or operated by, or
upon which a legal easement exists in favour of the Corporation of the Town
of Kirkland Lake;
2
GENERAL PROHIBITIONS
2.1
No person shall deposit or cause to be deposited any snow or ice upon any
portion of any highway or bridge located within the territorial limits of the
Corporation of the Town of Kirkland Lake.
2.2
No person shall deposit, or stockpile, or cause to be deposited or stockpiled,
snow or ice within the roadways as to obstruct the line of sight of vehicles
entering the roadway from a private driveway or at an intersection.
2.3
No person shall deposit any snow or ice from private property or cause to be
deposited on any part of a roadway within the Corporation of the Town of
Kirkland Lake.
2.4
No person shall deposit, or cause to be deposited, snow or ice on any
sidewalk plowed by the Corporation of the Town of Kirkland Lake.
BY-LAW NUMBER 22-062 - ROADWAY SNOW DEPOSITING BY-LAW
The Corporation of the Town of Kirkland Lake
Page 4 of 5
2.5
No person shall deposit, or cause to be deposited, snow or ice on, or within
one (1) metre of a fire hydrant or in a manner that obstructs access to a fire
hydrant.
2.6
No person shall relocate snow or ice within the roadway in such a manner as
to encroach on the cleared portion of the roadway intended for vehicular and
pedestrian traffic, or that would result in the obstruction of normal visibility of
the safe movement of vehicular and pedestrian traffic on the roadway.
2.7
No person shall deposit, or cause to be deposited, snow or ice on Town
owned property.
2.8
No person shall pile, redistribute, or otherwise cause the accumulation of
snow or ice on a sidewalk, travelled portion of a roadway, within the
Municipality, in such a manner as to obstruct the view or movement, in any
way, of snow clearing equipment under the jurisdiction of the Town's Public
Works Department.
2.9
No person shall move snow or ice from within the roadway from one side of
the cleared portion of the roadway intended for vehicular and pedestrian
traffic, to the other side of the roadway.
3
EXEMPTIONS
3.1
The provisions of this By-law shall not apply to the Corporation of the Town
of Kirkland Lake or the Ontario Ministry of Transportation, or contractors
thereof, for the purposes of snow clearing operations on highways;
4
REMEDIATION
4.1
If the Director of Public Works deems, at his or her sole discretion, that the
nature, volume or consistency of snow or ice accumulation can create a
public hazard, the Director of Public Works or designate is authorized to have
the material be removed and to invoice the property Owner for the expense
incurred or by adding such expense to the tax roll and collecting them in the
same manner as taxes in accordance with Section 446 of the Municipal Act.
4.2
Expenses invoiced to the Owner or added to the tax roll by the Corporation
of the Town of Kirkland Lake will be on a cost recovery basis.
5
OBSTRUCTION
5.1
No person shall hinder, interfere with or otherwise obstruct, either directly or
indirectly, an officer, employee of the Corporation of the Town of Kirkland
Lake and/or agent in the lawful exercise or power of duty under this By-law.
6
ENFORCEMENT
6.1
Any Officer is authorized to order any person in violation of the provisions of
this By-law and to request compliance therewith;
BY-LAW NUMBER 22-062 - ROADWAY SNOW DEPOSITING BY-LAW
The Corporation of the Town of Kirkland Lake
Page 5 of 5
6.2
Any Officer is authorized to order any person believed by such Officer to be
in contravention of this By-law to desist from any activity comprising of or
contributing to such contravention;
7
PENALTY
7.1
Every Person who contravenes any provision of this By-law, is guilty of an
offence and upon conviction is liable to a penalty pursuant to the Provincial
Offences Act, R.S.O. 1990, C.P. 33, as amended (see Schedule "A").
8
AUTHORITY TO TOW VEHICLES
8.1
In addition to any other penalties provided for the By-law, a Municipal By-law
Enforcement Officer, a Police Officer or an individual designated by the Chief
Administrative Officer, may, where a vehicle is parked or stopped in
contravention of any portion of this By-law, cause it to be moved or taken to
and placed or stored in a suitable place as designated by the Corporation of
the Town of Kirkland Lake. All fees, costs and expenses associated with the
towing and storing of the vehicle will be charged to the Owner and must be
paid before the vehicle will be released.
9
VALIDITY AND SEVERABILITY
9.1
Should any section, subsection, clause, paragraph or provision of this By-law
be declared by a Court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, the same shall
not affect the validity of this By-law as a whole or any part thereof, other than
the Part so declared to be invalid.
10 THAT this By-law shall be known and cited as the Town's "Roadway Snow
Depositing By-Law".
11 THAT Schedule "A" of this By-Law shall be deemed to be incorporated into and
form part of this By-Law.
12 THAT By-Law 08-089 is hereby repealed.
13 THAT this By-Law shall come into force and effect upon the date of passing.
READ A FIRST, SECOND AND THIRD TIME AND FINALLY PASSED THIS 16th DAY
OF AUGUST, 2022.
Pat Kiely, Mayor
Jennifer Montreuil, Municipal Clerk
SCHEDULE 'A' TO BY-LAW 22-062
THE CORPORATION OF THE TOWN OF KIRKLAND LAKE
PART 1 PROVINCIAL OFFENCES ACT
BY-LAW NO. 22-062 BEING A BY-LAW TO REGULATE THE DEPOSITING OF SNOW OR ICE ON MUNICIPAL OWNED OR
OPERATED PROPERTY WITHIN THE TOWN OF KIRKLAND LAKE
ITEM COLUMN 1
Short Form Wording
COLUMN 2
Provincial Creating
or Defining Offence
COLUMN 3
Set Fine
1
Depositing or cause to be deposited, snow or ice on highway or bridge
Section 2.1
175.00
2
Depositing or cause to be deposited, snow or ice on roadway that obstructs the
vehicle traffic line of sight
Section 2.2
175.00
3
Depositing or cause to be deposited, snow or ice on roadway
Section 2.3
175.00
4
Depositing or cause to be deposited snow or ice on sidewalk
Section 2.4
175.00
5
Depositing or cause to be deposited, snow or ice on, or within 1 metre of a fire
hydrant
Section 2.5
200.00
6
Relocating snow or ice within the roadway to encroach upon the cleared
portion of the roadway
Section 2.6
175.00
7
Depositing or cause to be deposited, snow or ice on town owned property
Section 2.7
175.00
8
Pile the accumulation of snow on sidewalk or travelled portion of a roadway
Section 2.8
175.00
9
Moving snow from one side of roadway to other side of roadway
Section 2.9
175.00
10
Obstructing or hindering an Officer
Section 5.1
300.00
NOTE: Penalty provision for the offences indicated above is Section 7 of BY-LAW 22-062, a certified copy of which has been filed.